Andrew Carr

Summary

Affiliation: St Vincent's Hospital
Country: Australia

Publications

  1. ncbi Antiretroviral therapy for previously untreated HIV-1-infected adults: 2NN, or just one?
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
    Lancet 363:1248-50. 2004
  2. ncbi Abacavir substitution for nucleoside analogs in patients with HIV lipoatrophy: a randomized trial
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, 2010 Australia
    JAMA 288:207-15. 2002
  3. ncbi Improvement of the study, analysis, and reporting of adverse events associated with antiretroviral therapy
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, 2010 Australia
    Lancet 360:81-5. 2002
  4. ncbi Effects of boosted tipranavir and lopinavir on body composition, insulin sensitivity and adipocytokines in antiretroviral-naive adults
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 22:2313-21. 2008
  5. ncbi Asymptomatic myocardial ischaemia in HIV-infected adults
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 22:257-67. 2008
  6. ncbi Does HIV cause cardiovascular disease?
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit at St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    PLoS Med 3:e496. 2006
  7. ncbi An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 361:726-35. 2003
  8. ncbi Lactic acidemia in infection with human immunodeficiency virus
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
    Clin Infect Dis 36:S96-S100. 2003
  9. ncbi HIV lipodystrophy: risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 17:S141-8. 2003
  10. ncbi An objective lipodystrophy severity grading scale derived from the lipodystrophy case definition score
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 33:571-6. 2003

Research Grants

  1. PROTEASE INHIBITOR RELATED ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HIV
    Andrew Carr; Fiscal Year: 2005

Detail Information

Publications108 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Antiretroviral therapy for previously untreated HIV-1-infected adults: 2NN, or just one?
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
    Lancet 363:1248-50. 2004
  2. ncbi Abacavir substitution for nucleoside analogs in patients with HIV lipoatrophy: a randomized trial
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, 2010 Australia
    JAMA 288:207-15. 2002
    ..No proven therapy exists for lipoatrophy, but abacavir is a nucleoside analog that may be less toxic to mitochondria...
  3. ncbi Improvement of the study, analysis, and reporting of adverse events associated with antiretroviral therapy
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, 2010 Australia
    Lancet 360:81-5. 2002
  4. ncbi Effects of boosted tipranavir and lopinavir on body composition, insulin sensitivity and adipocytokines in antiretroviral-naive adults
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 22:2313-21. 2008
    ..We studied the effects of protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimens on body composition, insulin sensitivity and adipocytokine levels...
  5. ncbi Asymptomatic myocardial ischaemia in HIV-infected adults
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 22:257-67. 2008
    ..Asymptomatic ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in HIV-infected patients has not been studied...
  6. ncbi Does HIV cause cardiovascular disease?
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit at St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    PLoS Med 3:e496. 2006
  7. ncbi An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 361:726-35. 2003
    ..However, an objective, validated definition of the disorder does not exist. We aimed to develop an objective, sensitive, specific, and broadly applicable case definition of HIV lipodystrophy...
  8. ncbi Lactic acidemia in infection with human immunodeficiency virus
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
    Clin Infect Dis 36:S96-S100. 2003
    ..For symptomatic lactic acidemia (generally >5 mmol/L), NRTIs and other antiretroviral therapy should be ceased. Currently, asymptomatic lactic acidemia should not be treated and should not lead to a change in antiretroviral therapy...
  9. ncbi HIV lipodystrophy: risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 17:S141-8. 2003
    ..A variety of therapeutic interventions, designed to limit these risks, are under evaluation, but none is conclusively shown to be of value...
  10. ncbi An objective lipodystrophy severity grading scale derived from the lipodystrophy case definition score
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 33:571-6. 2003
    ..Subjective assessment of lipodystrophy severity could possibly be abandoned in cross-sectional studies. The LDCD score and its derived lipodystrophy grading scale merit prospective evaluation...
  11. ncbi Toxicity of antiretroviral therapy and implications for drug development
    Andrew Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney 2010, Australia
    Nat Rev Drug Discov 2:624-34. 2003
  12. ncbi Cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected patients
    Andrew Carr
    HIV Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, 2010, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 34:S73-8. 2003
    ..e., multiple risk factors) and the lowest risk of HIV disease progression...
  13. ncbi No effect of rosiglitazone for treatment of HIV-1 lipoatrophy: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 363:429-38. 2004
    ..We postulated that rosiglitazone would improve HIV lipoatrophy...
  14. ncbi Efficacy and tolerability of initial antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review
    Andrew Carr
    St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 23:343-53; discussion 355-6. 2009
    ..Why patients cease ART has not been systematically studied...
  15. ncbi Pathogenesis of HIV-1-protease inhibitor-associated peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and insulin resistance
    A Carr
    HIV Medicine Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 351:1881-3. 1998
    ..Understanding the syndrome's pathogenesis should lead to treatment strategies and to the design of protease inhibitors that do not cause this syndrome...
  16. ncbi Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    Lancet 356:1423-30. 2000
    ....
  17. ncbi Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus: a cohort study
    A Carr
    HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    Lancet 353:2093-9. 1999
    ..We studied the natural course of the syndrome to develop diagnostic criteria and identifying markers that predict its severity...
  18. ncbi Treatment of HIV-1-associated microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis with combination antiretroviral therapy
    A Carr
    HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 351:256-61. 1998
    ..HIV-1 protease inhibitors are more effective across a broader range of HIV-1-infected immune cells. Combination antiretroviral therapy that includes a protease inhibitor could improve immunity to E bieneusi and C parvum...
  19. ncbi Fatal portal hypertension, liver failure, and mitochondrial dysfunction after HIV-1 nucleoside analogue-induced hepatitis and lactic acidaemia
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Disease Clinical Services Unit 2010, Sydney, Australia
    Lancet 357:1412-4. 2001
    ..We believe that symptom free patients who receive nucleoside-analogue therapy should have hepatic function constantly monitored, especially those with past or present lactic acidaemia...
  20. ncbi Osteopenia in HIV-infected men: association with asymptomatic lactic acidemia and lower weight pre-antiretroviral therapy
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 15:703-9. 2001
    ..Osteopenia has been associated with antiretroviral therapy, particularly with protease inhibitors. Osteopenia in HIV-uninfected men is associated with mitochondrial defects...
  21. ncbi Role of desensitisation for drug hypersensitivity in patients with HIV infection
    A Carr
    HIV Medicine Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    Drug Saf 17:119-26. 1997
    ..Success seems more likely when regimens lasting 7 or more days are used and in patients with lower CD4+ lymphocyte counts. However, the best tolerated, effective and simple desensitisation regimen has not been determined...
  22. ncbi Outpatient continuous intravenous interleukin-2 or subcutaneous, polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. Australian IL-2 Study Group
    A Carr
    HIV Medicine Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    J Infect Dis 178:992-9. 1998
    ..HIV RNA levels were unaffected. IL-2 therapy may expand the existing immune repertoire but not immediately reconstitute lost immune function...
  23. ncbi A syndrome of lipoatrophy, lactic acidaemia and liver dysfunction associated with HIV nucleoside analogue therapy: contribution to protease inhibitor-related lipodystrophy syndrome
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 14:F25-32. 2000
    ....
  24. ncbi A randomised, open-label comparison of three highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens including two nucleoside analogues and indinavir for previously untreated HIV-1 infection: the OzCombo1 study
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Disease Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 14:1171-80. 2000
    ..The best-tolerated and most potent initial HAART regimen is unknown and was investigated in this study...
  25. ncbi Effect of pravastatin on body composition and markers of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected men--a randomized, placebo-controlled study
    Patrick W G Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, 376 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    AIDS 20:1003-10. 2006
    ..To determine the effect of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, on markers of cardiovascular risk and lipodystrophy in HIV-infected, protease inhibitor (PI)-treated men with hypercholesterolaemia...
  26. ncbi Effect of rosiglitazone on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene expression in human adipose tissue is limited by antiretroviral drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction
    Patrick W G Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Australia
    J Infect Dis 198:1794-803. 2008
    ..Rosiglitazone (RSG), a PPARgamma agonist, improves congenital lipoatrophy but not HIV lipoatrophy...
  27. ncbi Progression of lipodystrophy (LD) with continued thymidine analogue usage: long-term follow-up from a randomized clinical trial (the PIILR study)
    Allison Martin
    National Centre for HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Clin Trials 5:192-200. 2004
    ..It was hypothesized that overall improvement in LD may require a longer period of time off PIs...
  28. ncbi Reversibility of lipoatrophy in HIV-infected patients 2 years after switching from a thymidine analogue to abacavir: the MITOX Extension Study
    Allison Martin
    National Centree in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 18:1029-36. 2004
    ..Nevertheless, the lipodystrophy syndrome was still evident, indicating additional strategies need evaluating...
  29. ncbi Predictors of limb fat gain in HIV positive patients following a change to tenofovir-emtricitabine or abacavir-lamivudine
    Allison Martin
    The Kirby Institute formerly the National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    PLoS ONE 6:e26885. 2011
    ..We examined predictors of anthropometric outcomes over 96 weeks in HIV-infected, lipoatrophic adults receiving stable cART randomised to tenofovir-emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) or abacavir-lamivudine (ABC-3TC) fixed dose combinations...
  30. ncbi Influence of rosiglitazone on flow-mediated dilation and other markers of cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected patients with lipoatrophy
    Jason C Kovacic
    Cardiology Department, HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Antivir Ther 10:135-43. 2005
    ..This study sought to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on endothelial function and other markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV-related lipoatrophy...
  31. ncbi Abacavir does not affect circulating levels of inflammatory or coagulopathic biomarkers in suppressed HIV: a randomized clinical trial
    Allison Martin
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Australia
    AIDS 24:2657-63. 2010
    ..7, P = 0.048) in ABC/3TC recipients compared with TDF/FTC in the STEAL study. The impact of ABC/3TC treatment on a range of CVD and inflammatory biomarkers was explored...
  32. ncbi Metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection
    Handan Wand
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Australia
    AIDS 21:2445-53. 2007
    ..Metabolic syndrome (MS) identifies individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Little is known about MS and its consequences following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
  33. ncbi Poly-l-lactic acid for HIV-1 facial lipoatrophy: 48-week follow-up
    D Carey
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    HIV Med 10:163-72. 2009
    ..Poly-l-lactic acid (PLA) injections modestly increase objectively assessed facial thickness but not facial soft tissue volume (FSTV) over 24 weeks. The durability of this response has not been well defined objectively...
  34. ncbi Simplification of antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir-emtricitabine or abacavir-Lamivudine: a randomized, 96-week trial
    Allison Martin
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research UNSW, 5St Vincent s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
    Clin Infect Dis 49:1591-601. 2009
    ..Which fixed-dose-combination tablet is more effective and safe is uncertain...
  35. ncbi Greater reversal of CD4+ cell abnormalities and viral load reduction after initiation of antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine, lamivudine, and nelfinavir before complete HIV type 1 seroconversion
    Don E Smith
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 19:189-99. 2003
    ..Despite poorer prognostic markers at baseline ES subjects achieved responses similar to those of LS subjects after 1 year of treatment...
  36. ncbi Atazanavir trough plasma concentration monitoring in a cohort of HIV-1-positive individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy
    Alan Winston
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010, Australia
    J Antimicrob Chemother 56:380-7. 2005
    ..The aim of this study was to assess the clinical associations with plasma atazanavir concentrations in HIV-positive individuals...
  37. ncbi The role of hydroxyurea in enhancing the virologic control achieved through structured treatment interruption in primary HIV infection: final results from a randomized clinical trial (Pulse)
    Mark T Bloch
    Holdsworth House Medical Practice, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 42:192-202. 2006
    ..196 cells, respectively, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxyurea was not found to be beneficial when used in association with STIs in patients during PHI...
  38. ncbi Low bone mineral density, renal dysfunction, and fracture risk in HIV infection: a cross-sectional study
    Alexandra Calmy
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Infect Dis 200:1746-54. 2009
    ..The role of proximal renal tubular dysfunction (PRTD) and alterations in bone metabolism in HIV-related low BMD are incompletely understood...
  39. ncbi Changes in bone turnover and bone loss in HIV-infected patients changing treatment to tenofovir-emtricitabine or abacavir-lamivudine
    Hila Haskelberg
    The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    PLoS ONE 7:e38377. 2012
    ..This analysis determined predictors of BMD change in the hip and spine by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in virologically suppressed participants through week 96...
  40. ncbi Centralized assessment of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in multicenter studies of HIV-associated lipodystrophy
    Don E Smith
    National Centre for HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Clin Trials 4:45-9. 2003
    ..The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans analysis performed at local sites compared to central analysis in a multicenter clinical trial...
  41. ncbi Buffalo hump seen in HIV-associated lipodystrophy is associated with hyperinsulinemia but not dyslipidemia
    Patrick W G Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 38:156-62. 2005
    ....
  42. ncbi A randomized, multicenter, open-label study of poly-L-lactic acid for HIV-1 facial lipoatrophy
    Dianne L Carey
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 46:581-9. 2007
    ..Facial lipoatrophy can stigmatize and can reduce quality of life, self esteem, and antiretroviral adherence. Poly-L-lactic acid (PLA) injections seem safe and effective, but no randomized study has included objective endpoints...
  43. ncbi Thymidine analogue withdrawal for lipoatrophic patients on protease-sparing therapy improves lipoatrophy but compromises antiviral control: the PIILR extension study
    Don E Smith
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 16:2489-91. 2002
  44. ncbi Altered myocellular and abdominal fat partitioning predict disturbance in insulin action in HIV protease inhibitor-related lipodystrophy
    Seng Khee Gan
    Metabolism and Diabetes Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
    Diabetes 51:3163-9. 2002
    ..The results do not establish causation but emphasize the interrelationships among visceral fat, myocyte lipid, and insulin action...
  45. ncbi Evaluation of ultrasound for assessing facial lipoatrophy in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    Dianne Carey
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 19:1325-7. 2005
    ..Changes in facial fat assessed by ultrasonography did not correlate significantly with more established objective measures of lipoatrophy severity. The measurement of malar fat using ultrasonography is not recommended...
  46. ncbi Prospective evaluation of the effects of antiretroviral therapy on body composition in HIV-1-infected men starting therapy
    Patrick W Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 17:971-9. 2003
    ..To investigate this a study was designed to explore changes in body composition occurring with antiretroviral therapy...
  47. ncbi HIV protease inhibitor substitution in patients with lipodystrophy: a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicentre study
    A Carr
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Disease Clinical Services Unit, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 15:1811-22. 2001
    ..Virological control in these heavily pretreated patients was unaffected, despite frequent switch drug cessations...
  48. ncbi CD4 cell responses to combination antiretroviral therapy in patients starting therapy at high CD4 cell counts
    Stephen T Wright
    The Kirby Institute formally National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 58:72-9. 2011
    ..To examine CD4 cell responses to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in patients enrolled in the Australian HIV Observational Database who commenced cART at CD4 cell counts >350 cells per microliter...
  49. ncbi Methodological considerations in human studies of gene expression in HIV-associated lipodystrophy
    Patrick W G Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    Antivir Ther 10:M101-8. 2005
    ..Careful collection and processing of adequate biological samples, robust laboratory processes and assays, and appropriate study design can help overcome many of these difficulties...
  50. ncbi Combined analysis of two-year follow-up from two open-label randomized trials comparing efficacy of three nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbones for previously untreated HIV-1 infection: OzCombo 1 and 2
    J Amin
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    HIV Clin Trials 4:252-61. 2003
    ..To compare inhibition of HIV replication, improvements in CD4+ T-cell counts, metabolic parameters, and body shape changes after 2 years of assigned therapy in OzCombo patients...
  51. ncbi HIV lipodystrophy: prevalence, severity and correlates of risk in Australia
    J Miller
    The National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Med 4:293-301. 2003
    ..To establish the prevalence, severity and factors associated with the HIV lipodystrophy syndrome...
  52. ncbi Evaluation of the HIV lipodystrophy case definition in a placebo-controlled, 144-week study in antiretroviral-naive adults
    Matthew Law
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    Antivir Ther 11:179-86. 2006
    ..The central LDCD should make objective LD assessment cheaper and simpler. Spontaneous clinical LD assessment of is of limited value, even in placebo-controlled trials...
  53. ncbi Proinflammatory markers, insulin sensitivity, and cardiometabolic risk factors in treated HIV infection
    Katherine Samaras
    St Vincent s Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:53-9. 2009
    ..These factors may contribute to the accelerated diabetogenesis and cardiac risk observed in treated HIV infection...
  54. ncbi Bone turnover markers in HIV disease
    Hila Haskelberg
    The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS Rev 13:240-50. 2011
    ..Further research is needed to explore the potential value of bone turnover markers as additional measurements to bone mineral density in fracture risk assessment and monitoring treatment-induced bone effects in HIV-infected patients...
  55. ncbi Postprandial lipid effects of low-dose ritonavir vs. raltegravir in HIV-uninfected adults
    Katherine Samaras
    Diabetes Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    AIDS 24:1727-31. 2010
    ..Half this risk appears attributable to fasting dyslipidemia, but half remains unexplained. We compared the fasting and postprandial effects of low-dose ritonavir and raltegravir on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors...
  56. ncbi A randomized, double-blind study of gemfibrozil for the treatment of protease inhibitor-associated hypertriglyceridaemia
    John Miller
    From St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 16:2195-200. 2002
    ..Given the level of response, however, it is unclear whether these reductions will confer clinical benefit, at least in the presence of continued protease inhibitor use...
  57. ncbi Lower arterial stiffness and Framingham score after switching abacavir to tenofovir in men at high cardiovascular risk
    Kate Sinn
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, and Clinical Research Program, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    AIDS 24:2403-5. 2010
    ..Changes in C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and D-dimer were inconsistent and only occurred from week 12. Abacavir may impair cardiovascular function by increasing total cholesterol levels...
  58. ncbi Poor baseline immune function predicts an incomplete immune response to combination antiretroviral treatment despite sustained viral suppression
    Kathleen Falster
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 50:307-13. 2009
    ..To determine the prevalence and predictors of an incomplete immune response in patients with sustained viral suppression after starting their first or second combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) regimen...
  59. ncbi The use of a triple nucleoside-nucleotide regimen for nonoccupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
    A Winston
    Department of Immunology, HIV and Infectious Diseases, St Vincent s Hospital, National Centre for HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    HIV Med 6:191-7. 2005
    ..The aim of this study was to compare side effects and numbers of individuals completing NPEP before and after this change...
  60. ncbi Tolerability of HIV integrase inhibitors
    Frederick J Lee
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit and Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    Curr Opin HIV AIDS 7:422-8. 2012
    ..This review discusses the available safety data for three integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)--raltegravir, elvitegravir and dolutegravir--derived from studies in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected cohorts...
  61. ncbi Adherence to HIV treatment guidelines for comorbid disease assessment and initiation of antiretroviral therapy
    Mark Bloch
    Holdsworth House Medical Practice, Sydney, NSW, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 59:478-88. 2012
    ..There are limited data on adherence to HIV treatment guidelines. We assessed adherence to US Department of Health and Human Services guidelines with Australian Commentary for adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
  62. ncbi In vivo, nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors alter expression of both mitochondrial and lipid metabolism genes in the absence of depletion of mitochondrial DNA
    Patrick W G Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, NSW 2010, Australia
    J Infect Dis 191:1686-96. 2005
    ..The effects of this mitochondrial dysfunction on lipid metabolism, at a molecular level in vivo, have not been described...
  63. ncbi Early changes in adipokine levels and baseline limb fat may predict HIV lipoatrophy over 2 years following initiation of antiretroviral therapy
    A Calmy
    St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Med 9:101-10. 2008
    ..We investigated whether metabolic and body composition parameters could predict the development of LD over 2 years in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
  64. ncbi A randomized study to evaluate injection site reactions using three different enfuvirtide delivery mechanisms (the OPTIONS study)
    Mark A Boyd
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    Antivir Ther 13:449-53. 2008
    ..The antiretroviral enfuvirtide (ENF) is injected subcutaneously using a 27-gauge needle. Injection site reactions (ISRs) can affect long-term ENF tolerability. Alternative ENF delivery methods may ameliorate ISRs...
  65. ncbi Increased turnover of CCR5+ and redistribution of CCR5- CD4 T lymphocytes during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    J J Zaunders
    Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
    J Infect Dis 183:736-43. 2001
    ..In contrast, in acute EBV infection, proliferating CCR5+ CD4 T cells accumulated to very high levels, suggesting they have an important role in the early antiviral response, which may be impaired in HIV-1 infection...
  66. ncbi Minor changes in calculated creatinine clearance and anion-gap are associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy
    A Winston
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Med 7:105-11. 2006
    ..The aim of this study was to assess changes in renal parameters in individuals receiving TDF- and non-TDF-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...
  67. ncbi Major clinical outcomes in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive participants and in those not receiving ART at baseline in the SMART study
    Sean Emery
    Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program, National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, 376 Victoria St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    J Infect Dis 197:1133-44. 2008
    ..In the DC group, participants started ART when the CD4+ cell count was <250 cells/microL. Clinical outcomes in participants not receiving ART at entry inform the early use of ART...
  68. ncbi Clinical update: adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy
    Alexandra Calmy
    St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney 2010, NSW, Australia
    Lancet 370:12-4. 2007
  69. ncbi Incomplete reversibility of tenofovir-related renal toxicity in HIV-infected men
    Karen Wever
    HIV, Immunology, and Infectious Disease Unit and Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 55:78-81. 2010
    ..This nephrotoxicity is said to resolve rapidly, but this assessment is based on short follow-up, very few patients and use of serum creatinine, an insensitive measure of renal function...
  70. ncbi CD8+ anti-human immunodeficiency virus suppressor activity (CASA) in response to antiretroviral therapy: loss of CASA is associated with loss of viremia
    J Wilkinson
    Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    J Infect Dis 180:68-75. 1999
    ..However, changes in CASA did not correlate with changes in any T lymphocyte subset. CASA increases with improving immune function but appears more dependent on ongoing HIV replication...
  71. ncbi Combination antiretroviral therapy without a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: experience from 334 patients in three cohorts
    A Calmy
    HIV Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    HIV Med 8:171-80. 2007
    ..Toxicity and resistance may limit the use of HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). We assessed the safety and activity of regimens that did not include an NRTI...
  72. ncbi Long-term patterns in CD4 response are determined by an interaction between baseline CD4 cell count, viral load, and time: The Asia Pacific HIV Observational Database (APHOD)
    Sam Egger
    Cancer Council New South Wales, Woolloomooloo, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 50:513-20. 2009
    ..Random effects models were used to explore how the shape of CD4 cell count responses after commencing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) develop over time and, in particular, the role of baseline and follow-up covariates...
  73. ncbi Impact of early HIV-1 RNA and T-lymphocyte dynamics during primary HIV-1 infection on the subsequent course of HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in the first year of HIV-1 infection. Sydney Primary HIV Infection Study Group
    G R Kaufmann
    Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 22:437-44. 1999
    ..Nadir viral load was the strongest predictor of HIV-1 RNA levels as well as of CD4+ counts at 6 to 12 months. An early decline of CD4+ T lymphocytes may be a useful clinical prognostic marker for rapid disease progression...
  74. ncbi Transmission of triple-class, drug-resistant HIV-1 in Australia
    W W Y Tong
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, University of New South Wales, Australia
    Intern Med J 40:657-61. 2010
    ..A source patient was identified, and a likely second case newly infected 1 year later, suggesting sequential transmission. This raises therapeutic implications for the individual patients, as well as public health concerns...
  75. ncbi HIV-associated lipodystrophy
    P W Mallon
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
    HIV Med 2:166-73. 2001
    ..A variety of therapeutic interventions, designed to limit these risks, are under evaluation...
  76. ncbi Hospitalizations in a cohort of HIV patients in Australia, 1999-2007
    Kathleen Falster
    National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    AIDS 24:1329-39. 2010
    ..To describe hospitalization rates, risk factors and associated diagnoses in people with HIV in Australia between 1999 and 2007...
  77. ncbi False negative HIV-1 proviral DNA polymerase chain reaction in a patient with primary infection acquired in Thailand
    Philip Cunningham
    NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV AIDS, Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
    J Clin Virol 26:163-9. 2003
    ....
  78. ncbi The ethics of switch/simplify in antiretroviral trials: non-inferior or just inferior?
    Andrew Carr
    Clinical Research Program, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    PLoS Med 9:e1001240. 2012
    Using the SWITCHMRK and MONET trials as examples, Andrew Carr and colleagues question the ethics and motives of switch or simplification trials of anti-retroviral therapy.
  79. ncbi Characterization of the phenotypic and lymphokine profile associated with strong CD8+ anti-HIV-1 suppressor activity (CASA)
    J Wilkinson
    Centre for Immunology, St Vincent s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
    Clin Exp Immunol 127:145-50. 2002
    ..Strong CASA was therefore associated with rapidly replicating CD8+ T cells of the phenotype CD8+CD28+Ki67+ that expressed greater levels of IL-2 and the ligands RANTES and I-309...
  80. ncbi Is screening for sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men who receive non-occupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis worthwhile?
    E Hamlyn
    HIV, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Clinical Services Unit, St Vincent s Hospital, Victoria Street, Sydney, 2010, Australia
    Sex Transm Infect 82:21-3. 2006
    ..This provides an opportunity to screen and treat individuals at risk of concurrent sexually transmitted infections (STI). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an STI screening programme in individuals receiving NPEP...
  81. ncbi Randomized, open-label, comparative trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three antiretroviral drug combinations including two nucleoside analogues and nevirapine for previously untreated HIV-1 Infection: the OzCombo 2 study
    Martyn French
    Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemical Genetics, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
    HIV Clin Trials 3:177-85. 2002
    ..To assess and compare the efficacy and safety of three triple combination antiretroviral therapies in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive patients...
  82. ncbi HIV-associated lipodystrophy, metabolic complications, and antiretroviral toxicities
    Graeme Moyle
    Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
    HIV Clin Trials 3:89-98. 2002
  83. ncbi Fumagillin for intestinal microsporidiosis
    Andrew Carr
    N Engl J Med 347:1381; author reply 1381. 2002
  84. ncbi Epidemiological evidence for cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients and relationship to highly active antiretroviral therapy
    Judith S Currier
    Circulation 118:e29-35. 2008
  85. ncbi Interruption of antiretroviral therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease in persons with HIV-1 infection: exploratory analyses from the SMART trial
    Andrew N Phillips
    Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free University College Medical School, London, UK
    Antivir Ther 13:177-87. 2008
    ..Exploratory analyses were performed to better understand the reasons for this observation...
  86. ncbi HIV lipodystrophy case definition using artificial neural network modelling
    John P A Ioannidis
    Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
    Antivir Ther 8:435-41. 2003
    ..We aimed to evaluate whether artificial neural networks could improve the diagnostic accuracy...
  87. ncbi Cardiovascular risk and body-fat abnormalities in HIV-infected adults
    Steven Grinspoon
    Program in Nutritional Metabolism and the Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA
    N Engl J Med 352:48-62. 2005
  88. ncbi Monitoring of long-term toxicities of HIV treatments: an international perspective
    Greg Bisson
    AIDS 17:2407-17. 2003
  89. ncbi Practical applications of the HIV lipodystrophy case definition
    Rebekah L Puls
    AIDS Read 13:480-1, 486-7, 491-3. 2003
    ..The relative merits and limitations of this definition as a practical tool for the long-term monitoring of a patient's LD status over the duration of clinical treatment are discussed...
  90. ncbi Sex differences in the associations of HIV disease characteristics and body composition in antiretroviral-naive persons
    Fehmida Visnegarwala
    Baylor College of Medicine and Houston AIDS Research Team, Houston, TX, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 82:850-6. 2005
    ..Data on associations of body composition with HIV disease characteristics are limited...
  91. ncbi Changes in mitochondrial DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients with lipoatrophy randomized to receive abacavir
    Jennifer F Hoy
    Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    J Infect Dis 190:688-92. 2004
    ..During the 24-week study, there was no significant change in mtDNA copy numbers in PBMCs in either treatment group, despite improvement in peripheral lipoatrophy among patients whose treatment was switched to abacavir...
  92. ncbi Long-term survival and concomitant gene expression of ribozyme-transduced CD4+ T-lymphocytes in HIV-infected patients
    Janet L MacPherson
    Johnson and Johnson Research Pty Limited, Locked Bag 4555, Strawberry Hills, Sydney, NSW Australia 2012
    J Gene Med 7:552-64. 2005
    ..We report here the results of a phase I gene transfer clinical trial using Rz2...
  93. ncbi Investigating new antiretroviral combinations
    Andrew Carr
    J Infect Dis 193:1742; author reply 1742-3. 2006
  94. ncbi Changes in body composition and mitochondrial nucleic acid content in patients switched from failed nucleoside analogue therapy to ritonavir-boosted indinavir and efavirenz
    Mark A Boyd
    HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
    J Infect Dis 194:642-50. 2006
    ..Improvements in lipoatrophy after a switch in nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been demonstrated. We investigated 60 patients switching from failed NRTIs to ritonavir-boosted indinavir and efavirenz...
  95. ncbi Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy using International Diabetes Foundation and Adult Treatment Panel III criteria: associations with insulin resistance, disturbed body fat compartmental
    Katherine Samaras
    Diabetes and Obesity Programme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
    Diabetes Care 30:113-9. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected patients and compare insulin resistance and total body, limb, and visceral fat and adipokines in those with and without metabolic syndrome...
  96. ncbi Visceral and subcutaneous adiposity measurements in adults: influence of measurement site
    Kenneth J Ellis
    Body Composition Laboratory, USDA ARS Children s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:1441-7. 2007
    ..Intra-site and inter-site differences in SAT, VAT, total adipose tissue, and the VAT/SAT ratio were examined using ANOVA and confidence intervals for pairwise differences between means...
  97. ncbi A coronary heart disease risk model for predicting the effect of potent antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected men
    Margaret May
    Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
    Int J Epidemiol 36:1309-18. 2007
    ..We developed a prognostic model for CHD tailored to the changes in risk factors observed in patients starting HAART...
  98. ncbi Clinical features of acute retroviral syndrome differ by route of infection but not by gender and age
    Philippe Vanhems
    Laboratoire d épidémiologie et de santé publique, and INSERM Unit 271, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Claude Bernard, et Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 31:318-21. 2002
    ..52%, p=.01). Genital ulcerations were present only in cases of sexual exposure to HIV. Injecting drug users had or reported symptoms associated with the ARS less frequently than persons acquiring HIV via sexual transmission...
  99. ncbi Virologic outcomes of complex drug regimens for human immunodeficiency virus
    Andrew Carr
    JAMA 288:2405-6; author reply 2406. 2002
  100. ncbi Management of metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel
    Morris Schambelan
    University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 31:257-75. 2002
    ..These recommendations were developed to guide physicians actively involved in HIV care in the management of metabolic complications that occur primarily within the context of potent antiretroviral therapy...
  101. ncbi The CD4 cell count 3 months after acute retroviral syndrome is associated with the presence of AIDS in the source individual
    Philippe Vanhems
    AIDS 16:2234-6. 2002

Research Grants5

  1. PROTEASE INHIBITOR RELATED ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HIV
    Andrew Carr; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ....