Naomi R Wray

..The first generation of studies have generated hypotheses that should be testable in the near future and will further narrow the boundaries on genetic architectures that are consistent with empirical data...

..We conclude that with larger GWAS sample sizes or by combining studies, accurate prediction of genetic risk will be possible, even if the causal mutations or the mechanisms by which they affect susceptibility are unknown...

..To reconcile the two descriptions requires a model of how risks from individual loci combine to determine an individual's overall risk...

..Larger study cohorts characterized for genetic and environmental risk factors accumulated prospectively are likely to be needed to dissect more fully the etiology of MDD...

..We provide a strategy to estimate proportion of genetic variance explained on the liability scale from estimates of AUC, disease prevalence, and heritability (or sibling recurrence risk) available as an online calculator...

..However, the original 5HTTLPR assay is prone to bias toward short allele calling...

..Here, association between variants of BDNF and DTNBP1, and multiple anxiety and depression phenotypes is explored...

..Studying this personality dimension can give insights into the etiology of these important psychiatric disorders...

..Haplotype T-G-G showed weak association (P = 0.042) with PDAG before correction for multiple testing; association between this haplotype and schizophrenia has been previously reported in an Australian sample...

..33 for a single measure to .43 for mean score because of the reduction in the estimate of the environmental variance, and this will increase power in genetic linkage or association studies of neuroticism...

..Whether an individual with known genetic risk develops the disease depends on known and unknown environmental factors...

..Common genetic liabilities have been reported between psychiatric and psychological measures, but few examples exist of common genetic variants...

..01) and are not significantly associated with any of the genotype main effects (5HTTLPR, 5HTTLPR + rs25531) or interactions (stress x genotype). We find no evidence to support the hypothesis of any 5HTTLPR genotype by stress interaction...

..However, the relative importance of genetic and environmental etiology of the covariation between these disorders, particularly the relationship between PD and AG, is less clear...

..6 × 10(-8)). These results are consistent with a polygenic genetic architecture and imply more individual SNP associations will be detected for this disease as sample size increases...

..The use of MZT provides a novel framework for examining genotype x environment interaction in the absence of measures on SLE...

..We have implemented the approach in both an easy-to-use web interface, which only requires the uploading of markers with their association p-values, and a separate downloadable application...

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..With equal sample size, when v=K, the power of CC association study is much less than that of QT association study because of the information lost by transforming a quantitative continuous trait to a binary trait...

..Biosocial criminological research allows a more empirically grounded understanding of criminal behavior, which could ultimately inform and improve current treatment strategies...

..In conclusion, we confirm the association between asthma risk and variants in ORMDL3 and identify a novel risk variant in IL1RL1. Follow-up of the 17q21 deletion in larger cohorts is warranted...

..We provide strong evidence that a substantial proportion of variation in liability is explained by common SNPs, and thereby give insights into the genetic architecture of the diseases...

..2 in the presence of 10% reciprocal misdiagnosis. Strategies for minimizing the effects of misdiagnosis in cross-disorder genetic studies are discussed...

..Furthermore, even when using ascertained case-control studies that are typical in human disease studies, we can obtain an R(2) measure on the liability scale that can be compared directly to heritability...

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..We apply the method to data from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium and show that a substantial proportion of variation in liability for Crohn disease, bipolar disorder, and type I diabetes is tagged by common SNPs...

..Recent reports of substantial heritability for gene expression and new estimation methods using marker data highlight the relevance of heritability in the genomics era...

..Here, we consider several challenges for the interpretation of such mutations in the context of their role in neuropsychiatric disease...

..To answer two questions about the nature of the relationship between anorexia nervosa (AN) and dimensional temperament traits: Which traits are comorbid with AN? Which traits share transmitted liabilities with AN?..

..Previously, we described significant linkage of BPAD to a chromosome 4p locus within a large pedigree (F22). Others subsequently have found evidence for linkage of BPAD and SCZ to this region...

..30% between the Australian and the Netherlands cohorts, a smaller value than between many European groups. We conclude that it is reasonable to combine the Australian and the Netherlands samples for joint genetic analyses...

..5. For r(2) >/= .8 and allele frequency at one locus of .1, the maximum difference in allele frequency at the second locus is only +/- .02. The impact on the design and interpretation of association studies is discussed...

..This signifies that men and women are alike in their symptom profiles for major depression and genes for depression are probably expressed in the same way in the two sexes...