J B Dixon

..Obesity is a chronic disease requiring a similar long term approach to management as that of other chronic conditions...

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..The objective was to look for clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and polysomnographic predictors of excessive daytime sleepiness as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in obese patients...

..Our aim is to compare methods of reporting weight loss in surgical and medical studies, and in addition look for a minimal reporting requirement that allows meaningful comparison...

..We observe a small reduction of the satiety-promoting effect with time. The characteristics and clinical relevance of volume change have not been adequately investigated...

..The authors explored the hypothesis that preoxygenation in the 25 degrees head-up position allows a greater safety margin for induction of anesthesia than the supine position...

..We examined the effect of weight loss following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) on the PSG changes in patients with severe OSA. In addition, we studied daytime sleepiness, the metabolic syndrome and quality of life (QOL)...

..Although all bariatric procedures produce exceptional results in the management of type-2 diabetes, choice of procedure requires a careful risk-benefit analysis for the individual patient...

..To explore the hypothesis that sustained weight loss in severely obese patients may have benefits that are independent of their attained BMI...

..Measures of RTC did not predict weight loss, compliance, or surgical complications. Caution is advised when using assessments of RTC to predict outcomes of bariatric surgery...

..In conclusion, weight loss after surgery provides major improvement or resolution of obesity and metabolic syndrome-associated abnormal liver histological features in severely obese subjects...

..In the meantime, we should move forward ethically and cautiously in providing more intensive obesity management in children...

..As health care researchers and providers we are likely to play a peripheral role in the prevention of obesity, but a central role in effectively treating those afflicted by the obesity pandemic...

..It is time to provide leadership towards the delivery of better care for these patients...

..Shoulder-tip pain is commonly reported following laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) placement. The incidence, nature and factors that may increase the risk of pain have not been explored...

..Improvements have seen the development of less invasive procedures. There is growing evidence that laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and roux-en-Y gastric bypass provide effective therapy...

..To assess changes in body composition with weight loss in obese subjects randomized to a laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgical program or a medical program using a very-low-energy diet and orlistat...

..Observational studies suggest that surgically induced loss of weight may be effective therapy for type 2 diabetes...

..The ability for aminotransferase levels to track histological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with weight loss has not been examined...

..They will also need to anticipate trigger points for renewed periods of weight loss in the event of weight regain, as relapse is likely but not a reason for abandoning the battle...

..The authors explored the relationship between body composition measures and features of the metabolic syndrome (MtS) in women aged between 20 and 50 years with class I obesity...

..Are the effects of depression and obesity related or do they influence CRP levels independently?..

..The authors explored the relationship between the WBC and degree of obesity, basic anthropometry, and clinical and biochemical markers of the metabolic syndrome at baseline, and with weight loss following Lap-Band surgery...

..This prospective study sought to examine the outcomes of 79 consecutive first pregnancies (> 20 weeks of gestation) in women following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) for severe obesity...

..Genetic factors may also be important. We hypothesize that high angiotensinogen (AT) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) producing genotypes increase the risk of liver fibrosis in obese subjects with NAFLD...

..To investigate homocysteine levels and their relationship with serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations with weight loss after the Lap-Band form of gastric restrictive surgery, with the view to minimizing risk...

..To characterize dyslipidemia before and after weight loss in the severely obese...

..Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with improved vascular risk profile and decreased mortality in the middle aged. An elevated homocysteine concentration is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease...

..The aim of this study was to examine the association between the clinical and biochemical features of the metabolic syndrome and quantity and type of alcohol intake in the severely obese...

..We assessed the importance of appearance, presentation and self-evaluation of appearance before and after weight loss, in severely obese subjects (BMI > 35 kg/m2)...

..To prospectively examine the effect of weight loss 1 year after laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery on a broad range of health outcomes in 50 diabetic subjects...

..To assess the quality of life (QOL) in severely obese subjects before and after Lap-Band gastric restrictive surgery and identify factors that may influence change...

..The authors studied a range of preoperative factors for their predictive value of effectiveness of Lap-Band placement, using the percentage of excess weight loss at 1-year as the outcome measure (%EWL1)...

..The introduction of a laparoscopically-placed adjustable gastric band, a safe and effective method of weight loss, has given us the ability and responsibility to adjust the band in relation to pregnancy...

..In addition we compare the lipid profiles of severely obese patients with those of the Australian community...

..Predicting advanced or progressive disease may help in selecting patients for liver biopsy and assist the development of therapeutic options...

..In this study, we examined the association between clinical and biochemical features of these syndromes and assess changes with weight loss...

..The superobese (BMI >50) achieved a lower %EWL at 1 year after LAP-BAND placement compared with those with BMI <50, but there were no differences at the 2-, 3-, and 4-year follow-ups...

..To examine the effect of weight loss on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in severely obese subjects of varying glycaemic control...

..Selection of patients for OPS would be enhanced if we could better predict those likely to have clinically significant OSA...

..The relationship between depression and severe obesity is unclear. We examined depression before and after surgically induced weight loss...

..Lap-Band surgery provides effective weight loss in the morbidly obese. There have been several reports that gastric banding causes or aggravates reflux. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lap-Band placement on GERD...

..Obesity causes sleep disturbance and is the most significant risk factor for sleep apnea. Only surgical methods provide substantial sustained weight loss for most severely obese subjects...

..These changes provide perhaps the most compelling data regarding the value of LAP-BAND surgery and underlie the great satisfaction experienced by patients...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of asthma in the morbidly obese and the changes in asthma after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) (Lap-Band) surgery for morbid obesity...

..The aim of this study is to examine changes in activation of the sensory neuronal pathways and levels of circulating gut hormones associated with inflation of an AGB...

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..To identify the proportion of weight lost as fat-free mass (FFM) by various weight loss interventions...

..This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of NES and nocturnal snacking by exploring the relationship between NES and (1) obesity, (2) binge eating disorder (BED) and (3) psychological distress...

..Adjustable laparoscopic gastric banding induces fat loss without significant other deleterious effects on body composition...

..Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with greater obesity-related metabolic disturbance. Many studies have reported preferential loss of VAT with weight loss...

..Identifying the mechanisms underlying LAGB-induced satiety may assist the understanding of human energy homeostasis and obesity...

..The aim of this review is to provide a brief update on the current literature studying the efficacy, safety and significance of the use of Orlistat in clinical practice...

..National guidelines for bariatric surgery need to be developed for people with Type 2 diabetes and a BMI of 35 kg/m² or more...

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..The mechanisms by which LAGB initiates an increase in satiety remain completely unknown. The aim of this study is to establish a rodent model of adjustable gastric banding (AGB) that will enable investigation of these mechanisms...

..However, guidelines and BMI for age percentile charts are not well utilised in the general practice setting. In addition, there is a tendency for clinicians and parents to visually underestimate body mass in children...

..Importantly, the benefit may not necessarily be weight related but may be associated with a reduction in end organ damage...

..Patients' perceptions about weight-related stigma and discrimination were assessed in 2 groups of patients, obese and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB)...

..The primary aim of this study was to investigate which core behavioral features of binge eating are most strongly related to psychological disturbance...

..To estimate the cost-effectiveness of surgically induced weight loss relative to conventional therapy for the management of recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes in class I/II obese patients...

..This study aimed to assess the extent and nature of change in energy intake and physical activity and identify factors associated with percentage weight loss (%WL) 12 months after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB)...

..Gastric restrictive surgery induces a marked change in eating behavior. However, the relationship between preoperative and postoperative eating behavior and weight loss outcome has received limited attention...

..Since popularization of the pars flaccida approach and improved anterior fixation, it is our impression that the problem of symmetrical dilatation of the proximal gastric pouch has become more important...

..Obesity is a major, growing health problem. Observational studies suggest that bariatric surgery is more effective than nonsurgical therapy, but no randomized, controlled trials have confirmed this...

..Therapy options should focus on aspects of the syndrome that cause greatest impairment, distress, or health risk...

..We have tested this hypothesis using a randomized controlled trial format...

..We analyzed the outcomes of a noninterventionist policy on 1000 patients undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding...

..The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is frequently employed as measure of depression in studies of obesity. The aim of the study was to assess the factorial structure of the BDI in obese patients prior to bariatric surgery...

..Obesity is rapidly becoming Australia's biggest health care issue...

..Despite its growing popularity, a VLED in this setting has received little attention...

..The authors studied the durability of weight loss after bariatric surgery based on a systematic review of the published literature...

..With Australian levels of obesity and type 2 diabetes now reaching epidemic proportions, lifestyle factors that can reduce cardiovascular risk are of critical importance...

..After 10 years of experience in treating more than 100000 patients with the Lap-Band, it is timely for us to review the outcomes...

..In our series, %EWL at 5 years and 6 years was 54% and 57%, respectively. The LAP-BAND is proving to be extremely safe, able to facilitate good weight loss, and able to maintain weight loss over time...

..The quality of life of the obese is markedly reduced, and the costs to health care systems are great. Preventive programs have yet to affect the rising prevalence. An effective solution is needed...

..Obesity is now one of our major public health problems. Effective and acceptable treatment options are needed. The Lap-Band system is placed laparoscopically and allows adjustment of the level of gastric restriction...

..We have performed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of placement of an artificial bowel sphincter (Acticon Neosphincter) on continence and quality of life in a group of severely incontinent adults...

..It is effective, relatively safe and minimally invasive. The blocks to broader application of bariatric surgery should be identified and resolved...

..Bariatric surgery is being evaluated as a possible treatment option. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (gastric banding) has the potential to provide a safe and effective treatment...

..National guidelines for bariatric surgery need to be developed for people with Type 2 diabetes and a BMI of 35 kg/m(2) or more...

..However, there were significant shortcomings in the reviewed literature with few high-quality studies, inconsistent reporting of diabetes outcomes and high attrition rates. Long-term studies that address these limitations are needed...

..To assess factors influencing glycaemic control following gastric bypass surgery in patients with Type 2 diabetes and BMI< 30 kg/m(2) ...

..National guidelines for bariatric surgery need to be developed for people with Type 2 diabetes and a BMI of 35 kg/m(2) or more...

..The aim was to identify risk factors for postoperative bleeding following skin cancer surgery...

..These data suggest that reduced activation of AMPK by gAD in obese and obese type 2 diabetic subjects is not caused by reduced adiponectin receptor expression but that aspects downstream of the receptor may inhibit AMPK signaling...

..We propose that activation of this pathway, with increased cell injury in NASH, also induces a periportal ductular reaction (DR) that could produce a profibrogenic stimulus...

..This study aims to investigate whether the presence of binge eating before Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) influences weight outcomes...

..The authors compared the clinical utility of SkinFold Thickness (SKF), tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and a body mass index (BMI) based calculation, in determining changes in percentage of fat mass (delta%FM)...

..The incapacity of skeletal muscle of obese and diabetic individuals to respond to exogenous adiponectin and leptin may be further suppressed as a result of impaired regulation of the AdipoR1 gene...

..Preoperative and current sweet eating behavior was assessed in subjects who have had Lap-Band surgery, to find if this influenced weight outcomes...

..CONCLUSION: Health issues dominate the motivation for seeking surgery. Weight outcomes do not appear to be affected by the patient's primary motivating factor...