D Sviridov

..A second lipid-binding region is exposed when the carboxyl-terminal half of apoA-I is absent...

..Immunoprecipitation of [(35)S]methionine pulse-labeled intracellular proteins from these cell types demonstrated that human enterocytes synthesize more apoA-I and apoB, while HepG2 cells synthesize a slightly higher amount of LDL-R...

..In this review we analyze what is currently known about effect of statins on HDL metabolism and on reverse cholesterol transport in particular...

..In the combined population, formation of pre beta 1-HDL at rest was 9.9 +/- 5.2 mg/min and exercise enhanced pre beta 1-HDL formation 6.6-fold in both groups...

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..A single common denominator reflecting the multiple HDL functions is yet to be found and may not exist leaving direct measurements of each HDL function as the way to assess atheroprotective capacity of HDL...

..The particular role of pre-beta(1)-HDL is reviewed drawing attention to the relationship between its concentration and the flux of cholesterol through the RCT system...

..2-fold. We conclude that apoA-I induces the transport of intracellular cholesterol to cell-surface caveolae, possibly in part through the stimulation of caveolin expression...

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..In this review we describe the intracellular machinery involved in the intracellular transfer of cholesterol and give an overview of both the general and specialized pathways of intracellular cholesterol trafficking known to date...

..Cardiac transplant recipients frequently have high plasma HDL levels but it is unclear whether these promote a cardioprotective profile...

..However, the precise mechanisms remain to be established. In the present study, we examined whether AGE modification of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) affects its functionality, thus altering its cardioprotective profile...

..We conclude that pathways of cholesterol efflux using apoA-I as an acceptor make a predominant contribution to cholesterol export from macrophages in vivo...

..We conclude that a site on the first extracellular loop is required for cholesterol efflux, whereas a site on the fourth extracellular loop may be responsible for ABCA1 stability...

..In summary, 5A promotes cholesterol efflux both in vitro and in vivo and reduces atherosclerosis in apoE-KO mice, indicating that it may be a useful alternative to apoA-I for HDL therapy...

..Taken together these results suggest that HIV infection is associated with modified HDL metabolism re-directing cholesterol to the apoB-containing lipoproteins and likely reducing the functionality of reverse cholesterol transport...

..We hypothesized that HDL modulates glucose metabolism via elevation of plasma insulin and through activation of the key metabolic regulatory enzyme, AMP-activated protein kinase, in skeletal muscle...

..We investigated whether cholesterol efflux from macrophages incubated with plasmas from overweight/obese subjects with metabolic syndrome was influenced by the presence of insulin resistance...

..These results demonstrate that at least in the model of insect cells, the efficiency of apoA-I synthesis, processing, and secretion depends on apoA-I secondary structure and/or folding...

..Thus, residues within -2 to +4 are involved in forming the cleavage site for the maturation enzyme. The reaction of maturation is inhibited by metalloprotease inhibitors and is dependent upon calcium...

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..Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) has a well-established role in lipoprotein metabolism, but the effect of its overexpression or inhibition on the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is unclear...

..Whereas the anti-inflammatory effects of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on endothelial cells are well described, such effects on monocytes are less studied...

..03)). In summary, we describe a novel bihelical peptide with asymmetry in the lipid affinity of its helices and properties similar to apoA-I in terms of specificity for cholesterol efflux by the ABCA1 transporter and low cytotoxicity...

..These changes may contribute to the cardioprotective effects of HDL...

..These data suggest that hypoalphalipoproteinemia in patients with HIV is likely to be secondary to HIV infection itself...

..Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) has short-term beneficial effects on atherosclerotic plaques, but whether it can effectively reduce the reactivity of diabetic platelets is not known...

..The present review focuses on various approaches to establish genetic determinants of the HDL concentration, structure and function...

..Apolipoprotein (apoA)-I mimetic peptides are a promising type of anti-atherosclerosis therapy, but how the structural features of these peptides relate to the multiple antiatherogenic functions of HDL is poorly understood...

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..We investigated the contribution of AGEs to the impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) variables in diabetic individuals and in two animal models of diabetic obesity and of renal impairment...

..The objective of this study was to assess the effect of various classes of anti-HIV drugs on cellular cholesterol efflux...

..8%+/-0.8% versus 16.2%+/-0.3%; P<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The likely reason for higher HDL concentration in physically fit people is increased formation of HDL from apoA-I and cellular lipids...

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..Furthermore, we identify Abca12 as a mediator of Abca1-regulated cellular cholesterol efflux, a finding that may have significant implications for other diseases of lipid metabolism and homeostasis, including atherosclerosis...

..In conclusion, ABCA1 expression in human leukocytes and muscle is associated with physical activity and alcohol consumption, respectively...

..We conclude that overexpression of caveolin-1 in hepatic cells stimulates cholesterol efflux by enhancing transfer of cholesterol to cholesterol-rich domains in the plasma membrane...

..However, transfection with CYP27A1 led to a 2- to 4-fold increase of cholesterol efflux. We conclude that treatment with 5-azacytidine can be used for high-efficiency transient transfection of macrophages...

..The effects of the statin, rosuvastatin on indices of reverse cholesterol transport were studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial in 25 overweight subjects with defined metabolic syndrome...

..Expression of CYP27A1 in CHOP cells did not affect ABCA1 expression and abundance of ABCA1 protein. Thus, introduction of CYP27A1 into cells stimulates cholesterol efflux and therefore may increase protection against atherosclerosis...

..Freezing also resulted in approximately 10% loss of HDL in the samples. We conclude that freezing HDL in the presence of 10% sucrose preserves its structural and functional properties...

..Finally, HDL-replacement therapy will be put into perspective by summarizing the current gaps in our knowledge of HDL metabolism and identifying challenges for future research in this area...

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..Rosuvastatin has been shown to increase HDL cholesterol concentration, but the mechanisms remain unclear...

..Further elucidation of the mechanisms connecting viral infection and macrophage cholesterol metabolism may be fruitful for developing approaches to treatment of atherosclerosis and viral diseases...

..This study investigated the dose-dependent effect of rosuvastatin on VLDL apoC-III transport in men with the metabolic syndrome...