A Apisarnthanarak

..The incidence of inappropriate antifungal use was 74% (in 42 of 57 patients). Isolation of Candida species from urine (P = .004) was a risk factor, whereas receipt of an infectious diseases consultation (P = .004) was protective...

..Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are increasing challenges for health care institutions worldwide, and there are many factors associated with their distribution...

..Despite positive career satisfaction, several barriers were identified, including a lack of physicians to champion infection control efforts and difficulty remaining current with new evidence-based recommendations...

..The authors summarize current evidence and viewpoints for IPC strategies as related to the emergence, transmission and prevention of CRGNB...

..Physician leadership and designated catheter insertion teams were associated with less unnecessary or suboptimal reported practices...

..These experiences provide a foundation for the future design, execution, and analysis of black-water flood preparedness plans by IPC stakeholders...

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..Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus and surgeon A were associated risk factors. Preoperative diabetes mellitus control and the improvement of infection control practices led to the termination of the outbreak...

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..To evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes for initiation of inappropriate urinary catheterization (IUC) among hospitalized patients...

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..We sought to determine the long-term effect of an educational program to prevent VAP in a medical ICU (MICU)...

..By multivariable analysis, prior exposure to third-generation cephalosporins and transfer from another hospital were risk factors associated with infection. Receipt of inadequate antimicrobial therapy was a predictor of mortality...

..To evaluate the efficacy of a multifaceted hospitalwide quality improvement program that featured an intervention to remind physicians to remove unnecessary urinary catheters...

..Prompt confirmation of incomplete use of the automated system's algorithm as the point source of the misidentified A. lwoffii clinical isolates averted a full outbreak investigation and excess use of infection control resources...

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..001) and diarrhea at the initial presentation (P=.001) as associated risks. Infection with influenza A (P=.01) and receipt of inadequate antimicrobial therapy (P=.005) were predictors of mortality...

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..By multivariate analysis, drug stores' proximity to a hospital was associated with appropriate dispensing of antibiotics (adjusted odds ratio, 34 [95% confidence interval, 15-83]; P < .001)...

..The investigations of these outbreaks incurred costs that exceeded the estimated costs of healthcare worker influenza vaccination by more than 10-fold...

..pneumoniae pathogens (P = .02) and failure to receive an initial empirical regimen that included either beta-lactam and beta-lactamase-inhibitors or a carbapenem (P = .04)...

..The NARST data emphasized a need to strengthen the antimicrobial stewardship as well as the infection control measures at the hospital level to help reduce the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in Thailand...

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..Estimated costs for the outbreak investigation and control plan were 12-fold higher than estimated costs of vaccination for healthcare workers...

..We evaluated the impact of education and an antifungal stewardship program for candidiasis on prescribing practices, antifungal consumption, Candida species infections, and estimated costs at a Thai tertiary care hospital...

..41; 95% CI 22.45-64.51; p <0.001). We suggest that low anti-H5 micro-NT titres be interpreted in conjunction with plausible poultry, environmental and human exposure to H5N1...

..We sought to determine the long-term impact of "bundled" infection control interventions on the rates of catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CA-BSI) in a middle-income country...

..Infection-control interventions are needed to minimize transmission of influenza-like illness (ILI) and other infections in settings where children are in close proximity...

..A history of allergic reactions to food or drugs (adjusted odds ratio, 5.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.54-25.4) was independently associated with a serum sickness-like reaction...

..6 [95% CI, 1.14-33.6]) were associated with not prescribing antiviral therapy; the belief that antiviral therapy reduced mortality was associated with prescribing an antiviral agent (aOR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.14-0.95])...

..To characterize healthcare-associated infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that harbor multiple ESBL genes, as opposed to a single ESBL gene...

..We sought to determine the long-term effect of a multifaceted infection-control intervention to reduce the incidence of pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a Thai tertiary care center...

..Such a finding should prompt physicians to include B. pseudomallei infection in the differential diagnoses of liver abscesses and consider initiation of empirical therapy for melioidosis in high-risk patients from areas of endemicity...

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..The patient was successfully treated with imipenem and ciprofloxacin...

..There was no serologic evidence of anti-H5 antibody reactivity or subclinical infection in either of the groups...

..0; P=.03) were associated with inappropriate antibiotic use, whereas consultation with an infectious diseases specialist was protective against inappropriate antibiotic use (adjusted odds ratio, 0.15; P=.01)...

..Avian influenza should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients with predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly if they have a history of exposure to poultry...

..maltophilia. After controlling for duration of diarrhea, patients colonized with S. maltophilia had received a greater number of different types of antibiotics than noncolonized patients (5 vs. 3 different drugs; P=.04)...

..To determine the rates, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in extremely preterm neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)...

..We report the design and analysis of a streamlined approach to the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) that minimized risk for emergence of ART drug resistance (ART-DR) in a resource-limited setting...

..Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics at two Thai tertiary care medical centres...

..To evaluate the strategies to improve hand hygiene practices among participants in two university hospitals...

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..This is the first study to report CTX-M-3, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-40, SHV-27, SHV-71, and SHV-75 in Thailand and to show that CTX-M ESBL is highly endemic in the country...

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..maltophilia bloodstream infection in oncology patients. The role of gastrointestinal tract colonization as a potential source of S. maltophilia bacteremia in oncology patients deserves further investigation...

..To evaluate the effect of an educational program targeted on modifiable risk factors on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates...

..5; 95% CI 1.7-1428.6; p 0.02). This case series suggests that administration of primary or adjunctive IT/IVT colistin therapy was effective for drug-resistant A. baumannii CNS infection...

..Additional studies on the role of inadequate empiric antimicrobial therapy and the outcomes of BSIs among NICU patients are needed...

..02). Our findings suggest that further diagnostic work-up for pulmonary TB is warranted among patients with HIV infection, non-reactive TSTs and either prior known TB exposure, CD4 counts <100 cells/microL or limited formal education...

..Self-report predicted immunity to varicella zoster virus only. These data contribute to risk assessment and occupational health strategies in this resource-limited setting...

..Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms, first identified in Germany in 1983, are now widely recognized as clinically relevant causes of infections in community...

..Awareness of the emerging antifungal-resistant C. laurentii strains, as reported in the literature, should be emphasized, especially in immunocompromised patients...

..By multivariable analysis, community-onset bloodstream infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli was the sole predictor of mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 41.3 [95% confidence interval, 4.3-69.4]; [P= .001)...

..With this strategy, the same regimen can be used for resumption and also yield good virological and immunological outcomes...

..Primary and secondary prevention strategies remain at the crux of global control strategies for cryptococcal disease...

..02). These findings suggest that an initial tuberculin skin test reaction of at least 20 mm or a booster effect of at least 10 mm will reveal tuberculosis among students with prior bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination...

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..This article examines the current peer-reviewed literature on etiology, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with CAP...

..60, P < 0.001) and day 5 (r = 1.49, P = 0.002) of incubation suggested the utility of SPM for post-flood FB measurement in open-ventilation units in resource-limited situations...

..We report the second case of human endocarditis caused by this organism. The patient was successfully treated with Ceftriaxone alone for a total of six weeks...

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..In addition, we provide a literature review on risk factors and treatment of this uncommon disease sequelae...

..Systematic observation for potential lapses in sterile technique and surgical processes that may increase the risk of infection may help prevent spinal surgical-site infection...

..2-21.9; P=0.02). Overall, 58 of 72 patients (81%) had an opportunistic infection suggesting that guideline use of ART and prophylactic strategies remain unmet needs that will benefit individuals and populations with HIV/AIDS in Thailand...

..This patient was successfully treated with large volume abdominal paracentesis, antituberculous drugs, and parenteral medium chain triglycerides...

..Antiseptic scrub and paint can reduce bacterial colonization and postoperative wound infection. Two forms of antiseptics, povidone iodine and chlorhexidine, are commonly used in the operating theater...

..In this case series, administration of adjunctive ICV therapy appeared to be a safe, practical, and effective adjunctive therapy for severe C. difficile colitis...

..Our review of the literature identified this as the first reported case of dual TB and PCP lymphadenitis in an HIV-infected host and highlights the potential limitations of TMP-SMX prophylaxis...

..The CTX-M-55 ESBL showed reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime. This investigation provides the relevant clinical and molecular epidemiology for the gene encoding for CTX-M-55 in the isolates from these patients...

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..An ICN network with other academic institutions should be established...

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