AKT3

Summary

Gene Symbol: AKT3
Description: v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma)
Alias: PKB-GAMMA, PKBG, PRKBG, RAC-PK-gamma, RAC-gamma, STK-2, PKB gamma, RAC-gamma serine/threonine protein kinase, RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase
Species: human

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Activator protein-1 has an essential role in pancreatic cancer cells and is regulated by a novel Akt-mediated mechanism
    Sonyo Shin
    Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 426, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Mol Cancer Res 7:745-54. 2009
  2. ncbi Role of 14-3-3epsilon, c-Myc/Max, and Akt phosphorylation in HIV-1 gp 120-induced mesangial cell proliferation
    A A Kapasi
    Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, The Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 280:F333-42. 2001
  3. ncbi Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3- and Akt/PKB kinases in CD4+ T lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells
    P Borgatti
    Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Ferrara, Italy
    Eur J Immunol 27:2805-11. 1997
  4. ncbi AKT-1, -2, and -3 are expressed in both normal and tumor tissues of the lung, breast, prostate, and colon
    M J Zinda
    Cancer Research Division, Lilly Research Labs, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center DC 0546, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
    Clin Cancer Res 7:2475-9. 2001
  5. ncbi HIV-1-Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ AKT-dependent survival pathways in Kaposi's sarcoma cells
    Maria Chiara Deregibus
    Cattedra di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Università di Torino, Centro Ricerca Medicina Sperimentale CeRMS, Italy
    J Biol Chem 277:25195-202. 2002
  6. ncbi HIV-1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 both mediate neuronal cell death but CCR5 paradoxically can also contribute to protection
    M Kaul
    Center for Neuroscience and Aging, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Cell Death Differ 14:296-305. 2007
  7. ncbi Gene expression profiling in prostate cancer cells with Akt activation reveals Fra-1 as an Akt-inducible gene
    Gunjan Tiwari
    Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
    Mol Cancer Res 1:475-84. 2003
  8. ncbi Activation of protein kinase B beta and gamma isoforms by insulin in vivo and by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 in vitro: comparison with protein kinase B alpha
    K S Walker
    MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, U K
    Biochem J 331:299-308. 1998
  9. ncbi HIV-1 gp120-mediated apoptosis of T cells is regulated by the membrane tyrosine phosphatase CD45
    Appakkudal R Anand
    Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:12289-99. 2006
  10. ncbi HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr inhibits the effect of insulin on the Foxo subfamily of forkhead transcription factors by interfering with their binding to 14-3-3 proteins: potential clinical implications regarding the insulin resistance of HIV-1-infected pat
    Tomoshige Kino
    Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 10 Center Dr MSC 1109, Building 10, Clinical Research Center, Room 1 3140, Bethesda, MD 20892 1109, USA
    Diabetes 54:23-31. 2005

Research Grants

  1. Akt, cellular senescence, and lifespan
    Nissim Hay; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. Akt, cellular senescence, and lifespan
    Nissim Hay; Fiscal Year: 2007
  3. Evaluation of a novel AKT inhibitor in ovarian cancer
    Jiayuh Lin; Fiscal Year: 2005
  4. MEK5-Erk5 in breast cancer resistance
    MATTHEW EDWARD BUROW; Fiscal Year: 2010
  5. Dissecting Glioma Genesis through a Glial-Specific Mouse Model
    WEI contact ZHANG; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. Targeted Intervention of Breast Oncogenic Pathways
    Said M Sebti; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. MAP Kinase and AKT Signaling in Congestive Heart Failure
    ANTHONY MUSLIN; Fiscal Year: 2009
  8. Disruption of AKT Pathway for Cancer Intervention
    Jin Cheng; Fiscal Year: 2007
  9. MAP Kinase and AKT Signaling in Congestive Heart Failure
    ANTHONY MUSLIN; Fiscal Year: 2007
  10. Melanocyte Survival and Transformation: Hypoxia & P13 Kinase/Akt/mTOR Signaling
    Marianne Broome Powell; Fiscal Year: 2010

Scientific Experts

Detail Information

Publications118 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Activator protein-1 has an essential role in pancreatic cancer cells and is regulated by a novel Akt-mediated mechanism
    Sonyo Shin
    Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 426, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Mol Cancer Res 7:745-54. 2009
    ..Collectively, our findings indicate that AP-1 has an important function in pancreatic cancer cells and provide evidence for a previously unknown Akt-mediated mechanism of c-Jun activation...
  2. ncbi Role of 14-3-3epsilon, c-Myc/Max, and Akt phosphorylation in HIV-1 gp 120-induced mesangial cell proliferation
    A A Kapasi
    Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, The Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 280:F333-42. 2001
    ..These results suggest that HIV-1 gp 120 induces alterations in conflicting survival signaling pathways that contribute to the potential dual effects of gp 120 in promoting or inhibiting HMC proliferation...
  3. ncbi Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3- and Akt/PKB kinases in CD4+ T lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells
    P Borgatti
    Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Ferrara, Italy
    Eur J Immunol 27:2805-11. 1997
    ..Taken together, these data suggest that the anti-apoptotic activity of low concentrations of Tat protein on Jurkat cells is mediated by a PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway...
  4. ncbi AKT-1, -2, and -3 are expressed in both normal and tumor tissues of the lung, breast, prostate, and colon
    M J Zinda
    Cancer Research Division, Lilly Research Labs, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center DC 0546, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
    Clin Cancer Res 7:2475-9. 2001
    ....
  5. ncbi HIV-1-Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ AKT-dependent survival pathways in Kaposi's sarcoma cells
    Maria Chiara Deregibus
    Cattedra di Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna Università di Torino, Centro Ricerca Medicina Sperimentale CeRMS, Italy
    J Biol Chem 277:25195-202. 2002
    ....
  6. ncbi HIV-1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 both mediate neuronal cell death but CCR5 paradoxically can also contribute to protection
    M Kaul
    Center for Neuroscience and Aging, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Cell Death Differ 14:296-305. 2007
    ..This finding suggests that CCR5 ligands can protect neurons at least, in part, by modulating CXCR4-mediated toxicity through heterologous desensitization...
  7. ncbi Gene expression profiling in prostate cancer cells with Akt activation reveals Fra-1 as an Akt-inducible gene
    Gunjan Tiwari
    Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
    Mol Cancer Res 1:475-84. 2003
    ..This construct was found to be directly induced 4- to 5-fold by co-transfection with constitutively active Akt3 but not kinase dead Akt...
  8. ncbi Activation of protein kinase B beta and gamma isoforms by insulin in vivo and by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 in vitro: comparison with protein kinase B alpha
    K S Walker
    MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, U K
    Biochem J 331:299-308. 1998
    ..Insulin did not induce PKBgamma activity in adipocytes, hepatocytes or skeletal muscle, but PKBgamma was the major isoform activated by insulin in rat L6 myotubes (a skeletal-muscle cell line)...
  9. ncbi HIV-1 gp120-mediated apoptosis of T cells is regulated by the membrane tyrosine phosphatase CD45
    Appakkudal R Anand
    Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:12289-99. 2006
    ..These results suggest a novel CD45-mediated mechanism for the HIV envelope-induced apoptosis of T cells...
  10. ncbi HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr inhibits the effect of insulin on the Foxo subfamily of forkhead transcription factors by interfering with their binding to 14-3-3 proteins: potential clinical implications regarding the insulin resistance of HIV-1-infected pat
    Tomoshige Kino
    Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 10 Center Dr MSC 1109, Building 10, Clinical Research Center, Room 1 3140, Bethesda, MD 20892 1109, USA
    Diabetes 54:23-31. 2005
    ..Vpr thus may contribute to the tissue-selective insulin resistance often observed in HIV-1-infected individuals...
  11. ncbi Defective signaling through Akt-2 and -3 but not Akt-1 in insulin-resistant human skeletal muscle: potential role in insulin resistance
    Joseph T Brozinick
    Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
    Diabetes 52:935-41. 2003
    ..Additionally, these data also show that different upstream or downstream signals may regulate the activity of the various Akt isoforms...
  12. ncbi Protein kinase B (AKT) mediates phospholipase D activation via ERK1/2 and promotes respiratory burst parameters in formylpeptide-stimulated neutrophil-like HL-60 cells
    Satyananda Patel
    Institut Cochin, Universite Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
    J Biol Chem 285:32055-63. 2010
    ..with defective membrane translocation of NADPH oxidase components p67(phox) and p47(phox), ERK, AKT1, AKT2, but not AKT3. Depletion of AKT1 or AKT2 with antisense oligonucleotides further indicates a partial contribution of both ..
  13. ncbi Regulation of Akt mRNA and protein levels by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in adrenal chromaffin cells: effects of LiCl and SB216763
    Takayuki Nemoto
    Department of Pharmacology, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889 1692, Japan
    Eur J Pharmacol 586:82-9. 2008
    In cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, where Akt1 is the predominant isoform over Akt2 and Akt3, chronic (> or =12 h) treatment with 1-20 mM LiCl, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, decreased Akt1 level by approximately 52% ..
  14. ncbi Akt kinases and 2-deoxyglucose uptake in rat skeletal muscles in vivo: study with insulin and exercise
    J Turinsky
    Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208, USA
    Am J Physiol 276:R277-82. 1999
    Activities of Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 kinases and glucose uptake in hindlimb muscles of the rat in vivo were investigated. The rats were studied either after intravenous injection of 0...
  15. ncbi Targeting V600EB-Raf and Akt3 using nanoliposomal-small interfering RNA inhibits cutaneous melanocytic lesion development
    Melissa A Tran
    Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    Cancer Res 68:7638-49. 2008
    Most events promoting early melanoma development are yet to be identified, but deregulation of the B-Raf and Akt3 signaling cascades is an important regulator of this process...
  16. ncbi Protein kinase B/Akt is a novel cysteine string protein kinase that regulates exocytosis release kinetics and quantal size
    Gareth J O Evans
    The Physiological Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
    J Biol Chem 281:1564-72. 2006
    ..Akt1 was the predominant isoform expressed in chromaffin cells, although lower levels of Akt2 and Akt3 were also found...
  17. ncbi Plasmin triggers chemotaxis of monocyte-derived dendritic cells through an Akt2-dependent pathway and promotes a T-helper type-1 response
    Xuehua Li
    Ulm University, Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Helmholtzstr 20, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
    Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30:582-90. 2010
    ..Dendritic cells (DC) accumulate in atherosclerotic arteries where they can modulate atherogenesis. We investigated whether plasmin might alter the function of human DC...
  18. ncbi Gene expression profiling identifies emerging oncogenic pathways operating in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
    Yenlin Huang
    INSERM U955, Creteil, France
    Blood 115:1226-37. 2010
    ..in NKTCL, and several deregulated genes in these pathways mapped to regions of recurrent copy number aberrations (AKT3 [1q44], IL6R [1q21.3], CCL2 [17q12], TNFRSF21 [6p12.3])...
  19. ncbi Gene expression profiling reveals underlying molecular mechanisms of the early stages of tamoxifen-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis
    Igor P Pogribny
    Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 225:61-9. 2007
    ..of the Pdgfc, Calb3, Ets1, and Ccnd1 genes accompanied by the elevated level of the PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt1/2, Akt3, and cyclin B, D1, and D3 proteins...
  20. ncbi Akt3-mediated resistance to apoptosis in B-RAF-targeted melanoma cells
    Yongping Shao
    Department of Cancer Biology and Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
    Cancer Res 70:6670-81. 2010
    ..b>Akt3 activation has been associated with the survival of melanoma cells...
  21. ncbi Akt1 in murine chondrocytes controls cartilage calcification during endochondral ossification under physiologic and pathologic conditions
    Atsushi Fukai
    University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
    Arthritis Rheum 62:826-36. 2010
    ..To examine the role of the phosphoinositide-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase Akt1 in chondrocytes during endochondral ossification...
  22. ncbi Akt2, but not Akt1 or Akt3 mediates pressure-stimulated serum-opsonized latex bead phagocytosis through activating mTOR and p70 S6 kinase
    Hiroe Shiratsuchi
    Department of Surgery, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, and John D Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
    J Cell Biochem 102:353-67. 2007
    ..Each inhibitor prevented Akt activation by pressure. SiRNA targeted to Akt1, Akt2, or Akt3 reduced Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 expression by 50%, 45%, and 40%, respectively...
  23. ncbi Extracellular ATP and UTP activate the protein kinase B/Akt cascade via the P2Y(2) purinoceptor in renal mesangial cells
    Andrea Huwiler
    Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universitat, Theodor Stern Kai 7, D 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    Br J Pharmacol 136:520-9. 2002
    ..Moreover, in mesangial cells this cascade may have an important role in the antiapoptotic response but not in the mitogenic or inflammatory response produced by extracellular nucleotides...
  24. ncbi AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3-dependent cell survival is cell line-specific and knockdown of all three isoforms selectively induces apoptosis in 20 human tumor cell lines
    Sandra Koseoglu
    Department of Tumor Biology, Schering Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
    Cancer Biol Ther 6:755-62. 2007
    ....
  25. ncbi Molecular alterations in AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3 detected in breast and prostatic cancer by FISH
    Tove Kirkegaard
    Division of Cancer Sciences and Molecular Pathology, Department of Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
    Histopathology 56:203-11. 2010
    ..There are three mammalian AKT isoforms located on chromosomes 14, 19 and 1, respectively. The aim of the study was to investigate genetic alterations of AKT in breast and prostatic cancers using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)...
  26. ncbi Targeting Akt3 signaling in malignant melanoma using isoselenocyanates
    Arati Sharma
    Department of Pharmacology, The Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    Clin Cancer Res 15:1674-85. 2009
    ..b>Akt3 is an important target in melanomas because its activity is increased in approximately 70% of tumors, decreasing ..
  27. ncbi Analysis of neuronal cell death in the cerebral cortex of H-Tx rats with compensated hydrocephalus
    Yasuomi Nonaka
    Department of Neurosurgery and Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
    J Neurosurg Pediatr 1:68-74. 2008
    ..In this study, the differentially expressed genes in compensated hydrocephalic H-Tx rat cortices were determined. A molecular mechanism that induces neuronal death in the cerebral cortex of compensated hydrocephalus is proposed...
  28. ncbi Role for Akt3/protein kinase Bgamma in attainment of normal brain size
    Rachael M Easton
    Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building 322, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Mol Cell Biol 25:1869-78. 2005
    ..In mammals, three highly conserved proteins, Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3, comprise the Akt family, of which the first two are required for normal growth and metabolism, respectively...
  29. ncbi Akt1 ablation inhibits, whereas Akt2 ablation accelerates, the development of mammary adenocarcinomas in mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-ErbB2/neu and MMTV-polyoma middle T transgenic mice
    Ioanna G Maroulakou
    Molecular Oncology Research Institute and Department of Pathology, Tufts New England Medical Center, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
    Cancer Res 67:167-77. 2007
    ..The effects of ablation of Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 on the induction and the biology of these tumors were dramatically different, with ablation of Akt1 inhibiting, ..
  30. ncbi Four patients with speech delay, seizures and variable corpus callosum thickness sharing a 0.440 Mb deletion in region 1q44 containing the HNRPU gene
    Almuth Caliebe
    Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein Campus Kiel, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
    Eur J Med Genet 53:179-85. 2010
    ..Two copies of AKT3 and ZNF238, two previously proposed dosage sensitive candidate genes for microcephaly and agenesis of the corpus ..
  31. ncbi Casein kinase 2-interacting protein-1, a novel Akt pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein, down-regulates PI3K/Akt signaling and suppresses tumor growth in vivo
    Emi Tokuda
    Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Res 67:9666-76. 2007
    ..CKIP-1 formed a complex with each Akt isoform (Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3) via its NH2 terminus...
  32. ncbi Synergistic collagenase expression and cartilage collagenolysis are phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling-dependent
    Gary J Litherland
    Cell Signalling, Injury, and Repair Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
    J Biol Chem 283:14221-9. 2008
    ..reduced by loss of function of these molecules and by a lack of p110delta, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 or Akt3. We therefore propose that the activities of specific elements of the PI3K signaling pathway, including Akt, are ..
  33. ncbi Clinical and molecular characteristics of 1qter microdeletion syndrome: delineating a critical region for corpus callosum agenesis/hypogenesis
    B W M Van Bon
    Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    J Med Genet 45:346-54. 2008
    ..Patients with a submicroscopic, subtelomeric 1qter deletion have a similar phenotype, suggesting that the main phenotype of these patients is caused by haploinsufficiency of genes in this region...
  34. ncbi Ceramide recruits and activates protein kinase C zeta (PKC zeta) within structured membrane microdomains
    Todd E Fox
    Department of Pharmacology College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    J Biol Chem 282:12450-7. 2007
    ..Akt inactivation, whereas molecular strategies suggest that ceramide-dependent PKC zeta phosphorylation of Akt3 at Ser(34) was necessary for ceramide-induced vascular smooth muscle cell growth arrest...
  35. ncbi High resolution genome-wide analysis of chromosomal alterations in Burkitt's lymphoma
    Saloua Toujani
    CNRS, FRE2939, Génomique Cellulaire des Cancers, Institut Gustave Roussy IGR, Villejuif, France
    PLoS ONE 4:e7089. 2009
    ..2 with a 6.3 Mb amplicon (1q21.1q21.3) harboring BCA2 and PIAS3. In the other 2 MCRs, 1q32.1 and 1q44, MDM4 and AKT3 appeared as possible drivers of these gains respectively. The 13q31.3q32.1 <89.58-96...
  36. ncbi Functional and therapeutic significance of Akt deregulation in malignant melanoma
    Gavin P Robertson
    Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA
    Cancer Metastasis Rev 24:273-85. 2005
    ..Akt kinase family members, Akt1/PKBalpha, Akt2/PKBbeta and Akt3/PKBgamma, share extensive structural similarity and perform common as well as unique functions within cells...
  37. ncbi Modulation of total Akt kinase by increased expression of a single isoform: requirement of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, Edg3/S1P3, for the VEGF-dependent expression of Akt3 in primary endothelial cells
    Christina B Fieber
    Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Exp Cell Res 312:1164-73. 2006
    ..of EC with the angiogenic inducers VEGF or sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) results in an increased stabilization of Akt3 mRNA, concurrent with a PI3 kinase-dependent, Akt1-independent increase in both the protein and its phosphorylation...
  38. ncbi A novel Akt/PKB-interacting protein promotes cell adhesion and inhibits familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked mutant SOD1-induced neuronal death via inhibition of PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of Akt/PKB
    Mikiro Nawa
    Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku ku, Tokyo 160 8582, Japan
    Cell Signal 20:493-505. 2008
    ..We recently demonstrated that activation of Akt3 by the autosomal-recessive familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked gene 2 (ALS2) product, alsinLF, led ..
  39. ncbi Molecular cloning and characterization of a new member of the RAC protein kinase family: association of the pleckstrin homology domain of three types of RAC protein kinase with protein kinase C subspecies and beta gamma subunits of G proteins
    H Konishi
    Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Japan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 216:526-34. 1995
    ..These results suggest that the pleckstrin homology domains of RAC protein kinase family could associate more than one protein to regulate the activity and/or intracellular distribution of this enzyme family by different ways...
  40. ncbi Akt2 and Akt3 play a pivotal role in malignant gliomas
    Hideo Mure
    Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3 18 15, Kuramoto Cho, Tokushima, Tokushima 770 8503, Japan
    Neuro Oncol 12:221-32. 2010
    ..However, the expression profiles of the Akt isoforms Akt1/PKBalpha, Akt2/PKBbeta, and Akt3/PKBgamma and their functional roles in malignant glioma are not well understood...
  41. ncbi Modulation in activation and expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten, Akt1, and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1: further evidence demonstrating altered phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling in postmortem brain of suicide subject
    Yogesh Dwivedi
    Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 67:1017-25. 2010
    ....
  42. ncbi Mutational analysis of oncogenic AKT E17K mutation in common solid cancers and acute leukaemias
    M S Kim
    Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
    Br J Cancer 98:1533-5. 2008
    ..In addition, we analysed the corresponding sequences of AKT1 E17K in AKT2 and AKT3 genes. Overall, we detected the four AKT1 E17K mutations in the breast cancers (4/93; 4...
  43. ncbi Blockade of AKT activation in prostate cancer cells with a small molecule inhibitor, 9-chloro-2-methylellipticinium acetate (CMEP)
    Manchao Zhang
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506 9142, United States
    Biochem Pharmacol 73:15-24. 2007
    ..It has been observed that the expression levels of AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 vary, but the levels of phospho-Ser473 AKT and phospho-Thr308 AKT are quite unique in these cancer cell lines, and ..
  44. ncbi Distinct roles of the three Akt isoforms in lactogenic differentiation and involution
    Ioanna G Maroulakou
    Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    J Cell Physiol 217:468-77. 2008
    ..of Akt1 inhibits and ablation of Akt2 accelerates mammary tumor development by both oncogenes, while ablation of Akt3 is phenotypically almost neutral...
  45. ncbi Inhibition of JNK by cellular stress- and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced AKT2 through activation of the NF kappa B pathway in human epithelial Cells
    Zeng Qiang Yuan
    Department of Pathology, University of South Florida College of Medicine and H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:29973-82. 2002
    Previous studies have demonstrated that AKT1 and AKT3 are activated by heat shock and oxidative stress via both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent and -independent pathways...
  46. ncbi Kinetic mechanism of AKT/PKB enzyme family
    Xiaoling Zhang
    Department of Oncology Research, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:13949-56. 2006
    ..AKT2 showed the highest Km value for ATP, and AKT3 showed the highest kcat value...
  47. ncbi MicroRNAs differentially regulated by Akt isoforms control EMT and stem cell renewal in cancer cells
    Dimitrios Iliopoulos
    Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Sci Signal 2:ra62. 2009
    ..We expressed each isoform individually in an Akt1(-/-)/Akt2(-/-)/Akt3(-/-) cell line...
  48. ncbi Overexpression and activation of Akt2 protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Anak Iamaroon
    Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Oral Oncol 45:e175-9. 2009
    ..by immunohistochemistry, and (2) to determine mRNA expression of three Akt isoforms, including Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3, as well as their respective proteins, in five oral cancer cell lines and normal human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) by ..
  49. ncbi Identification and characterization of pleckstrin-homology-domain-dependent and isoenzyme-specific Akt inhibitors
    Stanley F Barnett
    Department of Cancer Research, Merck and Company, Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19454, USA
    Biochem J 385:399-408. 2005
    ..7 and 21 microM respectively. Neither compound inhibited Akt3 nor mutants lacking the PH (pleckstrin homology) domain at concentrations up to 250 microM...
  50. ncbi Effects of PI3K catalytic subunit and Akt isoform deficiency on mTOR and p70S6K activation in myoblasts
    Ronald W Matheny
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 390:252-7. 2009
    ..We found that IGF-I-stimulated Akt1 activity was enhanced in Akt2- or Akt3-deficient cells, and that knockdown of individual Akt isoforms increased mTOR/p70S6K activation in an isoform-..
  51. ncbi A novel AKT3 mutation in melanoma tumours and cell lines
    M A Davies
    Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Br J Cancer 99:1265-8. 2008
    ..However, analogous activating mutations in AKT2 or AKT3 have not been identified in any cancer lineage...
  52. ncbi The PI3K/Akt pathway: recent progress in the development of ATP-competitive and allosteric Akt kinase inhibitors
    Craig W Lindsley
    VICB Program in Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
    Curr Cancer Drug Targets 8:7-18. 2008
    ..of Akt inhibitors has been complicated and hampered by the presence of three Akt isozymes, (Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3) which differ in function and tissue distribution, as well as a lack of Akt specific inhibitors...
  53. ncbi Distinct biological roles for the akt family in mammary tumor progression
    Rachelle L Dillon
    Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    Cancer Res 70:4260-4. 2010
    ..Increasing evidence suggests that Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 play unique roles in breast cancer initiation and progression...
  54. ncbi Retinal gene expression after central retinal artery ligation: effects of ischemia and reperfusion
    Shiv S Prasad
    Genomics Division, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51:6207-19. 2010
    ..To investigate the morphologic and molecular consequences of 30- and 90-minute central retinal artery ligation (CRAL)-induced retinal ischemia, followed by 3 and 12 hours of reperfusion, and to identify potential targets for therapy...
  55. ncbi PTEN loss confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through the suppression of BIM expression
    Kim H T Paraiso
    Department of Molecular Oncology, The Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
    Cancer Res 71:2750-60. 2011
    ..expression at both the mRNA and protein level and increased the level of apoptosis through a mechanism involving AKT3 and the activation of FOXO3a...
  56. ncbi Akt/PKB isoforms expression in the human lumbar herniated disc: correlation with clinical and MRI findings
    Dritan Pasku
    Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
    Eur Spine J 20:1676-83. 2011
    ..Our results showed a significant positive correlation between AKT1 and AKT3 mRNA in herniated discs suggesting a synergistic action between these isoforms in disc herniation...
  57. ncbi Sex differences in the mechanism of Met5-enkephalin-induced cardioprotection: role of PI3K/Akt
    Zhiping Cao
    Anesthesiology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239 2999, USA
    Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294:H302-10. 2008
    ..in males with siRNAs against Akt1/2 completely abolished ME-induced cardioprotection, whereas the siRNAs against Akt3 only attenuated protection of approximately 40%...
  58. ncbi Ribozymes targeting serine/threonine kinase Akt1 sensitize cells to anticancer drugs
    Miyako Yanagihara
    Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 8577, Japan
    Cancer Sci 96:620-6. 2005
    ..Three isoforms of Akt have been found: Akt1/PKBalpha, Akt2/PKBbeta and Akt3/PKBgamma...
  59. ncbi Akt signalling in health and disease
    Ingeborg Hers
    School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, UK
    Cell Signal 23:1515-27. 2011
    Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) comprises three closely related isoforms Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 (or PKB?/?/? respectively)...
  60. ncbi Energy balance, the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway genes, and the risk of bladder cancer
    Jie Lin
    Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Hermann Pressler Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 3:505-17. 2010
    ....
  61. ncbi Contribution of peroxisomes to secondary metabolism and pathogenicity in the fungal plant pathogen Alternaria alternata
    Ai Imazaki
    Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464 8601, Japan
    Eukaryot Cell 9:682-94. 2010
    ..Previously, we identified four genes, AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, and AKTR, involved in AK toxin biosynthesis...
  62. ncbi Interpreting aCGH-defined karyotypic changes in gliomas using copy number status, loss of heterozygosity and allelic ratios
    John K Cowell
    Medical College of Georgia Cancer Center, CN4112, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
    Exp Mol Pathol 88:82-9. 2010
    ..events in this tumor type involving chr1:241544532-243005121 and chr18:54716681-54917277 which contain the AKT3 and ZNF532 genes, respectively...
  63. ncbi A genome-wide association scan of RR and QT interval duration in 3 European genetically isolated populations: the EUROSPAN project
    Fabio Marroni
    Institute of Genetic Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany
    Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2:322-8. 2009
    ..We set out to identify common genetic determinants of the length of the RR and QT intervals in 2325 individuals from isolated European populations...
  64. ncbi The Akt kinases: isoform specificity in metabolism and cancer
    Eva Gonzalez
    Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
    Cell Cycle 8:2502-8. 2009
    ..The Akt kinase family is comprised of three highly homologous isoforms: Akt1 (PKBalpha), Akt2 (PKBbeta) and Akt3 (PKBgamma)...
  65. ncbi Corpus callosum abnormalities and the controversy about the candidate genes located in 1q44
    C Orellana
    Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
    Cytogenet Genome Res 127:5-8. 2009
    ..791 Mb (within the KIF26B gene). The clinical and molecular findings of the patient here reported remain consistent with a role for the AKT3 or ZNF238 genes in corpus callosum development.
  66. ncbi Activation and membrane binding of retinal protein kinase Balpha/Akt1 is regulated through light-dependent generation of phosphoinositides
    Guiyuan Li
    Departments of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
    J Neurochem 107:1382-97. 2008
    ..Akt has three isoforms: Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. All of these isoforms are expressed in rod photoreceptor cells, but the individual functions of each isoform are ..
  67. ncbi VEGF stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis: requirement of AKT3 kinase
    Gary L Wright
    Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    FASEB J 22:3264-75. 2008
    ..We show that the serine threonine kinase Akt3 specifically links VEGF to mitochondrial biogenesis. A direct comparison of Akt1 vs...
  68. ncbi Characterization of Akt overexpression in MiaPaCa-2 cells: prohibitin is an Akt substrate both in vitro and in cells
    Edward Kyu Ho Han
    Abbott Laboratories, Department of R47S, Cancer Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research Division, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
    Anticancer Res 28:957-63. 2008
    ..These studies establish Akt as an attractive target for cancer therapy. To determine the roles of Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 in signal transduction, constitutively active Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 was ectopically overexpressed in human pancreatic ..
  69. ncbi MicroRNAs 15a and 16 regulate tumor proliferation in multiple myeloma
    Aldo M Roccaro
    Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    Blood 113:6669-80. 2009
    ..proliferation and growth of MM cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting AKT serine/threonine-protein-kinase (AKT3), ribosomal-protein-S6, MAP-kinases, and NF-kappaB-activator MAP3KIP3...
  70. ncbi Akt2 and SGK3 are both determinants of postnatal hair follicle development
    Theodora M Mauro
    Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107 2140, USA
    FASEB J 23:3193-202. 2009
    ..However, this developmental abnormality is not recapitulated in mice lacking closely related kinases Akt1, Akt2, or Akt3. To examine whether Akt2 interacts with SGK3 in postnatal hair development, we have generated and characterized ..
  71. ncbi 1p36 is a preferential target of chromosome 1 deletions in astrocytic tumours and homozygously deleted in a subset of glioblastomas
    K Ichimura
    Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular Histopathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Oncogene 27:2097-108. 2008
    ..TNFRSF9 expression was upregulated after demethylation of glioma cell lines. Akt3 amplifications were found in four glioblastomas...
  72. ncbi AKT3, a phloem-localized K+ channel, is blocked by protons
    I Marten
    Institut fur Biophysik, Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuserstrasse 2, D 30419 Hannover, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:7581-6. 1999
    The potassium-channel gene, AKT3, has recently been isolated from an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA library. By using the whole-mount and in situ hybridization techniques, we found AKT3 predominantly expressed in the phloem...
  73. ncbi Akt3 overexpression in the heart results in progression from adaptive to maladaptive hypertrophy
    Yoshiaki Taniyama
    Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, W611, Boston, MA 02118, USA
    J Mol Cell Cardiol 38:375-85. 2005
    ..Among the three members of mammalian Akt (Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3), Akt3 is unique in that it has an alternatively spliced variant that lacks the carboxy-terminal regulatory ..
  74. ncbi Inactivation of ErbB3 by siRNA promotes apoptosis and attenuates growth and invasiveness of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549
    Gunamani Sithanandam
    Basic Research Program, SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702 1201, USA
    Oncogene 24:1847-59. 2005
    ..Akt1 siRNA had no effect on cell migration or invasion, Akt2 siRNA effectively suppressed both activities, and Akt3 siRNA had moderate effectiveness...
  75. ncbi A portrait of AKT kinases: human cancer and animal models depict a family with strong individualities
    Alfonso Bellacosa
    Human Genetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    Cancer Biol Ther 3:268-75. 2004
    ..However, it is presently unclear whether AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3 are functionally redundant or whether each one performs specific functional role(s)...
  76. ncbi Transforming growth factor-beta1 stimulated protein kinase B serine-473 and focal adhesion kinase tyrosine phosphorylation dependent on cell adhesion in human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells
    Zhen Xu
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 312:388-96. 2003
    ..The above results indicate that PKB-Ser-473 and FAK-Tyr phosphorylation stimulated by TGF-beta1 are both dependent on cell adhesion...
  77. ncbi Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2
    Xiao ding Peng
    Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
    Genes Dev 17:1352-65. 2003
    ..These functions of Akt were uncovered despite the observed lower level of Akt activity mediated by Akt3 in Akt1/Akt2 DKO cells, suggesting that a critical threshold level of Akt activity is required to maintain normal ..
  78. ncbi SU11248 is a novel FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent activity in vitro and in vivo
    Anne Marie O'Farrell
    Preclinical Research and Exploratory Development, SUGEN, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
    Blood 101:3597-605. 2003
    ..These results suggest that further exploration of SU11248 activity in AML patients is warranted...
  79. ncbi Akt forms an intracellular complex with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and Cdc37 and is destabilized by inhibitors of Hsp90 function
    Andrea D Basso
    Program in Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University and the Program in Cell Biology and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:39858-66. 2002
    ..Thus, transduction of growth factor signaling via the Akt and Raf pathways requires functional Hsp90 and can be coordinately blocked by its inhibition...
  80. ncbi Outer pore residues control the H(+) and K(+) sensitivity of the Arabidopsis potassium channel AKT3
    Dietmar Geiger
    Julius von Sachs Institute, Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius von Sachs Platz 2, D 97082 Wurzburg, Germany
    Plant Cell 14:1859-68. 2002
    The Arabidopsis phloem channel AKT3 is the founder of a subfamily of shaker-like plant potassium channels characterized by weak rectification, Ca(2+) block, proton inhibition, and, as shown in this study, K(+) sensitivity...
  81. ncbi Contraction regulation of Akt in rat skeletal muscle
    Kei Sakamoto
    Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:11910-7. 2002
    ..phosphorylation, contraction in situ significantly increased the activity of all three Akt isoforms (Akt1 > Akt2 > Akt3) with maximal activation occurring at 2.5 min and returning to base line with 15 min of contraction...
  82. ncbi Differential regulation of Akt kinase isoforms by the members of the TCL1 oncogene family
    Jarmo Laine
    Division of Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:3743-51. 2002
    ..Here we show that, in contrast to Akt1 and Akt2, which bind to all members of the TCL1 family, Akt3 specifically interacts with TCL1 but not with MTCP1 or TCL1b...
  83. ncbi Two splice variants of protein kinase B gamma have different regulatory capacity depending on the presence or absence of the regulatory phosphorylation site serine 472 in the carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic domain
    D Brodbeck
    Friedrich Miescher Institut, P O Box 2543, Basel 4002, Switzerland
    J Biol Chem 276:29550-8. 2001
    We have reported previously the cloning and characterization of human and mouse protein kinase B gamma (PKB gamma), the third member of the PKB family of second messenger-regulated serine/threonine kinases (Brodbeck, D., Cron, P...
  84. ncbi Estradiol rapidly activates Akt via the ErbB2 signaling pathway
    Gerald E Stoica
    Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
    Mol Endocrinol 17:818-30. 2003
    ..In vitro kinase assays using immunoprecipitation and anti-Akt1, -Akt2, and -Akt3-specific antibodies demonstrated that Akt1 is activated by estradiol in MCF-7 cells whereas Akt3 is the activated ..
  85. ncbi A shaker-like K(+) channel with weak rectification is expressed in both source and sink phloem tissues of Arabidopsis
    B Lacombe
    Biochimie et Physiologie Moleculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004, Agro M CNRS INRA UM2, Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
    Plant Cell 12:837-51. 2000
    ..Use of the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene revealed expression of this gene, AKT2/AKT3, in both source and sink phloem tissues...
  86. ncbi Mapping of AKT3, encoding a member of the Akt/protein kinase B family, to human and rodent chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization
    S S Murthy
    Human Genetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
    Cytogenet Cell Genet 88:38-40. 2000
    ..We have now cloned the human homolog of this cDNA, and we have used this clone to map the AKT3 gene to human chromosome 1q44 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)...
  87. ncbi Essential role of protein kinase B gamma (PKB gamma/Akt3) in postnatal brain development but not in glucose homeostasis
    Oliver Tschopp
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH 4058 Basel, Switzerland
    Development 132:2943-54. 2005
    ..Our results provide novel insights into the physiological role of Pkb(gamma) and suggest a crucial role in postnatal brain development...
  88. ncbi PRAS40 deregulates apoptosis in malignant melanoma
    Subbarao V Madhunapantula
    Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    Cancer Res 67:3626-36. 2007
    ..b>Akt3 signaling plays an important role in deregulating apoptosis in approximately 70% of melanomas...
  89. ncbi Sphingosine kinase 1 expression is regulated by signaling through PI3K, AKT2, and mTOR in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells
    Jacquelyn M Francy
    Department of Pharmacology, Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, H059, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 0850, USA
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1769:253-65. 2007
    ..To determine which isoform of AKT regulates SphK1 mRNA and protein levels, siRNAs specific for AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 were used...
  90. ncbi Overexpression of MDR1 using a retroviral vector differentially regulates genes involved in detoxification and apoptosis and confers radioprotection
    Patrick Maier
    Department of Radiation Oncology, Mannheim Medical Centre, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
    Radiat Res 166:463-73. 2006
    ..twofold for CASP1, 2.5-fold for NALP7) with concomitant increased expression of the potential anti-apoptosis gene AKT3. In functional assays the influence of MDR1 overexpression on apoptosis signaling was further corroborated by ..
  91. ncbi Nonredundant role of Akt2 for neuroprotection of rod photoreceptor cells from light-induced cell death
    Guiyuan Li
    Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
    J Neurosci 27:203-11. 2007
    ..is suggestive of a functional redundancy; however, our studies clearly demonstrate that, under stress, Akt1 and Akt3 cannot complement the specific survival signals driven by Akt2...
  92. ncbi Akt2 regulates cardiac metabolism and cardiomyocyte survival
    Brian DeBosch
    Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 4940 Parkview Place, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:32841-51. 2006
    ..All three known Akt family members, Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3, are expressed in the myocardium, although Akt1 and Akt2 are most abundant...
  93. ncbi Life with a single isoform of Akt: mice lacking Akt2 and Akt3 are viable but display impaired glucose homeostasis and growth deficiencies
    Bettina Dummler
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel CH 4058, Switzerland
    Mol Cell Biol 26:8042-51. 2006
    ..and isoform specificity of the Akt family of protein kinases in vivo, we generated mice deficient in both Akt2 and Akt3. In these mice, only the Akt1 isoform remains to perform essential Akt functions, such as glucose homeostasis, ..
  94. ncbi Dissociation of gemcitabine sensitivity and protein kinase B signaling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma models
    Nhu An Pham
    Ontario Cancer Institute and Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Pancreas 35:e16-26. 2007
    ..To understand the impact of protein kinase B (PKB; Akt) signaling on growth and protection from apoptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma models demonstrating differences in PKB activity...
  95. ncbi Effects of ERBB2 amplicon size and genomic alterations of chromosomes 1, 3, and 10 on patient response to trastuzumab in metastatic breast cancer
    Larry E Morrison
    Research and Development, Abbott Molecular Inc, Des Plaines, IL 60018, USA
    Genes Chromosomes Cancer 46:397-405. 2007
    ..between response and several signaling pathway-related genes unrelated to the ERBB2 amplicon, including AKT3, PTEN, PIK3CA, and PTGS2...
  96. ncbi Unequal contribution of Akt isoforms in the double-negative to double-positive thymocyte transition
    Changchuin Mao
    Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts New England Medical Center, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
    J Immunol 178:5443-53. 2007
    ..inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, or combined ablation of Akt1 and Akt2, and to a lesser extent Akt1 and Akt3, interfere with the differentiation of DN3 and the accumulation of DP thymocytes...
  97. ncbi Quantitative analysis of anti-apoptotic function of Akt in Akt1 and Akt2 double knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblast cells under normal and stressed conditions
    Xuesong Liu
    Department of Cancer Research R47S, Abbott L, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:31380-8. 2006
    The serine/threonine kinases Akt1/PKBalpha, Akt2/PKBbeta, and Akt3/PKBgamma have been implicated in preventing cells from undergoing apoptosis...
  98. ncbi Anti-ALS activity of alsin, the product of the ALS2 gene, and activity-dependent neurotrophic factor
    Masaaki Matsuoka
    Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
    Neurodegener Dis 2:135-8. 2005
    ..product of the recently cloned ALS-causative gene, the ALS2 gene, is linked to a Rac1/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt3 pathway that specifically suppresses motoneuronal death induced by FSOD1...
  99. ncbi Dosage-dependent effects of Akt1/protein kinase Balpha (PKBalpha) and Akt3/PKBgamma on thymus, skin, and cardiovascular and nervous system development in mice
    Zhong Zhou Yang
    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, P O Box 2543, Maulbeerstrasse 66, Basel CH 4002, Switzerland
    Mol Cell Biol 25:10407-18. 2005
    ..We generated mice with combined mutant alleles of Akt1 and Akt3 to study their effects on mouse development...
  100. ncbi A specific role for AKT3 in the genesis of ovarian cancer through modulation of G(2)-M phase transition
    Briony E Cristiano
    Growth Control and Differentiation Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    Cancer Res 66:11718-25. 2006
    ..Here, we show that AKT3 is highly expressed in 19 of 92 primary ovarian tumors...

Research Grants68

  1. Akt, cellular senescence, and lifespan
    Nissim Hay; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The mouse has three Akt isoforms encoded by distinct genes (aktl, akt2, and akt3)...
  2. Akt, cellular senescence, and lifespan
    Nissim Hay; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The mouse has three Akt isoforms encoded by distinct genes (aktl, akt2, and akt3)...
  3. Evaluation of a novel AKT inhibitor in ovarian cancer
    Jiayuh Lin; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..The AKT protein has three isoforms AKT1 (PKBalpha), AKT2 (PKBbeta) and AKT3 (PKBgamma) that have greater than 85% sequence identity and have the same structural organization...
  4. MEK5-Erk5 in breast cancer resistance
    MATTHEW EDWARD BUROW; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..functions through downstream transcription factors to mediate expression of EMT regulators (SLUG, ZEB1, ZEB2) and AKT3. Based upon this information we hypothesize that upregulation of MEK5-Erk5 signaling pathway induces the epithelial-..
  5. Dissecting Glioma Genesis through a Glial-Specific Mouse Model
    WEI contact ZHANG; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Specific aim 2. To determine which of the three Akt family members (Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3) is most important for glioma development and progression. Specific aim 3...
  6. Targeted Intervention of Breast Oncogenic Pathways
    Said M Sebti; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..proteins whose knockdown sensitizes breast cancer cells to the knock down of the three Akt isoforms, Akt1, Akt2 or Akt3, 3) To determine if inactivation of Akt by TCN sensitizes human breast tumors to cytotoxic and anti-signaling ..
  7. MAP Kinase and AKT Signaling in Congestive Heart Failure
    ANTHONY MUSLIN; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..In this proposal, the relative functions of Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 in the growth and survival of cultured neonatal rat and adult murine cardiac myocytes will be evaluated...
  8. Disruption of AKT Pathway for Cancer Intervention
    Jin Cheng; Fiscal Year: 2007
    AKT is a major pathway to induce cell survival, growth and transformation. Three isoforms, AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3, have been identified from the AKT family...
  9. MAP Kinase and AKT Signaling in Congestive Heart Failure
    ANTHONY MUSLIN; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..In this proposal, the relative functions of Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3 in the growth and survival of cultured neonatal rat and adult murine cardiac myocytes will be evaluated...
  10. Melanocyte Survival and Transformation: Hypoxia & P13 Kinase/Akt/mTOR Signaling
    Marianne Broome Powell; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Constitutive activation of Akt3, has been described in melanoma progression...
  11. Melanocyte Survival and Transformation: Hypoxia & P13 Kinase/Akt/mTOR Signaling
    MARIANNE POWELL; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Constitutive activation of Akt3, has been described in melanoma progression...
  12. Akt3 Signaling as a Therapeutic Target
    Gavin Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Recently, we identified elevated Akt3 activity occurring in ~70% of sporadic melanomas compared to normal cells...
  13. Akt3 Signaling as a Therapeutic Target
    Gavin P Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Recently, we identified elevated Akt3 activity occurring in ~70% of sporadic melanomas compared to normal cells...
  14. A novel VEGF signaling pathway leading to mitochondrial biogenesis
    Robin Muise Helmericks; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We have uncovered a novel VEGF signaling pathway that leads to the regulation of Akt3 through the sphingosine-1 -phosphate (S1P) receptor, Edg3, a G-protein coupled transmembrane receptor involved in ..
  15. A novel VEGF signaling pathway leading to mitochondrial biogenesis
    Robin C Muise Helmericks; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..We have uncovered a novel VEGF signaling pathway that leads to the regulation of Akt3 through the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor, Edg3, a G-protein coupled transmembrane receptor involved in ..
  16. A novel VEGF signaling pathway leading to mitochondrial biogenesis
    Robin Muise Helmericks; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..We have uncovered a novel VEGF signaling pathway that leads to the regulation of Akt3 through the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor, Edg3, a G-protein coupled transmembrane receptor involved in ..
  17. The Akt and NFAT Pathway and the Regulaton of Cancer Cell Motility
    Alex Toker; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Three aims will test this model:- In AIM 1, we will rigorously test the contribution of Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 in regulating breast cancer cell motility and alterations in the actin cytoskeleton, using both loss-of-function ..
  18. The Akt and NFAT Pathway and the Regulaton of Cancer Cell Motility
    Alex Toker; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Three aims will test this model:- In AIM 1, we will rigorously test the contribution of Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 in regulating breast cancer cell motility and alterations in the actin cytoskeleton, using both loss-of-function ..
  19. Akt in T cell development and function
    Philip N Tsichlis; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..kinase B? (PKB?), is the founding member of a protein kinase family composed of three members, Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3. Akt family members regulate a diverse array of cellular functions including apoptosis, cellular proliferation, ..
  20. Akt in T cell development and function
    Philip Tsichlis; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..kinase B? (PKB?), is the founding member of a protein kinase family composed of three members, Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3. Akt family members regulate a diverse array of cellular functions including apoptosis, cellular proliferation, ..
  21. Signal transduction pathways regulating neuronal size
    Rachael Easton; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The specific aims include: 1) Determining the cellular mechanism by which Akt3 regulates brain size, 2) Determining the physiological importance of other isoforms of Akt in brain, and 3) ..
  22. Selective M1 mAChR allosteric modulators for the treatment of schizophrenia
    Craig Lindsley; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....
  23. POSTRECEPTOR DYSREGULATION IN DEPRESSION
    Yogesh Dwivedi; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..abstract_text> ..
  24. Partial Antagonists of mGluR5 for Treatment of Cocaine Addiction
    Craig Lindsley; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Our goal for this project is to develop a partial mGluR5 antagonist with an acceptable profile for preclinical and ultimately clinical development that may become a new drug to treat addictive disorders. ..
  25. Targeted Chemoprevention for Melanoma
    Gavin P Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Among possible chemopreventive targets is Akt3 whose activity increases in ~70% of tumors to promote melanoma development...
  26. Calcium Sensing Proteins in Depression
    Yogesh Dwivedi; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....
  27. Akt3 Signaling as a Therapeutic Target
    Gavin P Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2011
    ..Recently, we identified elevated Akt3 activity occurring in ~70% of sporadic melanomas compared to normal cells...
  28. Synergistically Acting Targeted Therapeutics for Melanoma
    Gavin P Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..To accomplish this objective, the central hypothesis proposes that siRNA-targeting Akt3, V600EB-Raf and other key kinases deregulated in melanoma can be loaded into nanoliposomes and used to ..
  29. Validating microRNA Analysis in Human Postmortem Brain
    Yogesh Dwivedi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ....
  30. Targeted Chemoprevention Through Inhibition of Akt3 Signaling
    Gavin Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Recently, we identified elevated Akt3 activity occurring in ~70% of sporadic melanomas compared to normal cells...
  31. Calcium Sensing Proteins in Depression
    Yogesh Dwivedi; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ....
  32. Signal Transduction Mechanisms in Suicide Brain
    Yogesh Dwivedi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..abstract_text> ..
  33. Chemokine Receptor Signaling in HIV Neuropathology
    Marcus Kaul; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Since signal transduction via p38 MAPK seems to be crucial to the neurotoxicity of gpl20 and SDF- 1, we will study the effect on this pathway of a dominant negative mutant of p38 and also of a constitutive activator of p38, MKK6b(E). ..
  34. Neuroprotection by IFN-beta in AIDS
    Marcus Kaul; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....