M S Niederman

Summary

Affiliation: Winthrop University Hospital
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Pneumonia in the older patient
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11550, USA
    Clin Chest Med 28:751-71, vi. 2007
  2. ncbi Understanding the natural history of community-acquired pneumonia resolution: vital information for optimizing duration of therapy
    Michael S Niederman
    Clin Infect Dis 39:1791-3. 2004
  3. ncbi The delivery of futile care is harmful to other patients
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Crit Care Med 38:S518-22. 2010
  4. ncbi Principles of appropriate antibiotic use
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Int J Antimicrob Agents 26:S170-5. 2005
  5. ncbi De-escalation therapy in ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Curr Opin Crit Care 12:452-7. 2006
  6. ncbi BAY41-6551 achieves bactericidal tracheal aspirate amikacin concentrations in mechanically ventilated patients with Gram-negative pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza N, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Intensive Care Med 38:263-71. 2012
  7. ncbi Comparison of hospitalization rates in patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with 10 days of telithromycin or clarithromycin
    Michael S Niederman
    Winthrop University Hospital, Minneola, NY 11501, USA
    Curr Med Res Opin 20:749-56. 2004
  8. ncbi Hospitalization rates among patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with telithromycin vs clarithromycin: results from two randomized, double-blind, clinical trials
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Minneola, NY 11501, USA
    Curr Med Res Opin 20:969-80. 2004
  9. ncbi Use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials for the treatment of pneumonia in seriously ill patients: maximizing clinical outcomes and minimizing selection of resistant organisms
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 42:S72-81. 2006
  10. ncbi The clinical diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Respir Care 50:788-96; discussion 807-12. 2005

Detail Information

Publications66

  1. ncbi Pneumonia in the older patient
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11550, USA
    Clin Chest Med 28:751-71, vi. 2007
    ..We have chosen not to discuss nosocomial pneumonia in older patients because it does not have distinctive features or a different management approach than when this illness arises in younger patients...
  2. ncbi Understanding the natural history of community-acquired pneumonia resolution: vital information for optimizing duration of therapy
    Michael S Niederman
    Clin Infect Dis 39:1791-3. 2004
  3. ncbi The delivery of futile care is harmful to other patients
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Crit Care Med 38:S518-22. 2010
    ..S. hospitals have received ICU, some of which may be futile. The objective of this study was to examine ways in which the delivery of futile care in the ICU can cause harm to patients other than those receiving the futile care...
  4. ncbi Principles of appropriate antibiotic use
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Int J Antimicrob Agents 26:S170-5. 2005
    ..Such therapy will need to be combined with programs to promote rational antibiotic use, particularly targeting inappropriate prescribing for viral infections and use of agents with a broader antimicrobial spectrum than is necessary...
  5. ncbi De-escalation therapy in ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Curr Opin Crit Care 12:452-7. 2006
    ..To describe the use of a 'de-escalation' strategy to deliver appropriate empiric therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia, without the overuse of antibiotics...
  6. ncbi BAY41-6551 achieves bactericidal tracheal aspirate amikacin concentrations in mechanically ventilated patients with Gram-negative pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza N, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Intensive Care Med 38:263-71. 2012
    ....
  7. ncbi Comparison of hospitalization rates in patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with 10 days of telithromycin or clarithromycin
    Michael S Niederman
    Winthrop University Hospital, Minneola, NY 11501, USA
    Curr Med Res Opin 20:749-56. 2004
    ..To compare the impact on hospitalization rates and the clinical efficacy of oral telithromycin and clarithromycin treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)...
  8. ncbi Hospitalization rates among patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with telithromycin vs clarithromycin: results from two randomized, double-blind, clinical trials
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Minneola, NY 11501, USA
    Curr Med Res Opin 20:969-80. 2004
    ..To compare hospitalization rates among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated with oral telithromycin and clarithromycin, based on pooled data from two randomized, double-blind, multinational clinical trials...
  9. ncbi Use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials for the treatment of pneumonia in seriously ill patients: maximizing clinical outcomes and minimizing selection of resistant organisms
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 42:S72-81. 2006
    ..Switching to narrower-spectrum therapy that is directed by culture results may minimize the emergence of resistance. For some patients, clinical response will allow a shortening of the duration of antimicrobial therapy...
  10. ncbi The clinical diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Respir Care 50:788-96; discussion 807-12. 2005
    ..Thus a clinical approach to management can be successful in allowing for effective management of VAP, without promoting the unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy...
  11. ncbi Challenges in the management of community-acquired pneumonia: the role of quinolones and moxifloxacin
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, New York, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 41:S158-66. 2005
    ....
  12. ncbi The importance of de-escalating antimicrobial therapy in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501, USA
    Semin Respir Crit Care Med 27:45-50. 2006
    ..Additional information is needed to apply this approach more widely, especially in patients infected with multidrug-resistant organisms and in those with negative lower respiratory tract cultures...
  13. ncbi Eradication of H. influenzae in AECB: A pooled analysis of moxifloxacin phase III trials compared with macrolide agents
    M S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Respir Med 100:1781-90. 2006
    ..278); similar results were found when moxifloxacin was compared individually with each macrolide. For patients with AECB due to H. influenzae, moxifloxacin provided superior bacterial eradication rates than macrolide therapy...
  14. ncbi Recent advances in community-acquired pneumonia: inpatient and outpatient
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza N, Suite 509, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Chest 131:1205-15. 2007
    ....
  15. ncbi Biological markers to determine eligibility in trials for community-acquired pneumonia: a focus on procalcitonin
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 47:S127-32. 2008
    ..On the other hand, inclusion of patients with low PCT values creates heterogeneity in the study population and confounds the interpretation of clinical trial end points...
  16. ncbi Making sense of scoring systems in community acquired pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Respirology 14:327-35. 2009
    ..In the future, measurements of serum biomarkers, such as procalcitonin, may augment the information provided by prognostic scoring tools for patients with CAP...
  17. ncbi Treatment options for nosocomial pneumonia due to MRSA
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    J Infect 59:S25-31. 2009
    ....
  18. ncbi Hospital-acquired pneumonia, health care-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: definitions and challenges in trial design
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 51:S12-7. 2010
    ....
  19. ncbi The argument against using quantitative cultures in clinical trials and for the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 51:S93-9. 2010
    ....
  20. ncbi De-escalation therapy: is it valuable for the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Clin Chest Med 32:517-34. 2011
    ..This review examines the factors associated with an effective de-escalation strategy and ways to increase the rates of de-escalation in the future...
  21. ncbi Community-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients
    Michael S Niederman
    SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA
    Clin Geriatr Med 19:101-20. 2003
    ..Prevention should always be implemented, with a focus on pneumococcal and influenza vaccination...
  22. ncbi Community-acquired pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Isr Med Assoc J 5:133-8. 2003
  23. ncbi Community-acquired pneumonia: the U.S. perspective
    Michael S Niederman
    Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501, USA
    Semin Respir Crit Care Med 30:179-88. 2009
    ....
  24. ncbi Can guidelines for the treatment of respiratory infections lead to reduced rates of antibiotic resistance?
    M S Niederman
    Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Semin Respir Infect 16:203-9. 2001
    ..In the future, antibiotic rotation is likely to be studied as a way to reduce resistance, particularly in the ICU, but a number of practical issues may limit the efficacy of such an approach...
  25. ncbi Guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia. Current recommendations and antibiotic selection issues
    M S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Med Clin North Am 85:1493-509. 2001
    ....
  26. ncbi Cost effectiveness in treating ventilator-associated pneumonia
    M S Niederman
    Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Crit Care 5:243-4. 2001
    ..The costs of management are increased when infection involves resistant organisms, as well as unnecessary and prolonged therapy. Efforts at accurate diagnosis, therapy and prevention can reduce the cost impact of this illness...
  27. ncbi Community-Acquired Pneumonia Recovery in the Elderly (CAPRIE): efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin therapy versus that of levofloxacin therapy
    Antonio Anzueto
    Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 42:73-81. 2006
    ..This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin versus that of levofloxacin for the treatment of CAP in hospitalized elderly patients (age, > or = 65 years)...
  28. ncbi Review of treatment guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Am J Med 117:51S-57S. 2004
    ..By understanding the various risk factors for drug resistance and the treatment options endorsed by these guidelines, physicians can treat patients with the most appropriate antimicrobial available...
  29. ncbi The impact of standardized order sets and intensive clinical case management on outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia
    Steven Fishbane
    Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA
    Arch Intern Med 167:1664-9. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to test whether the addition of intensive clinical case management to clinical guidelines could lead to a reduction in LOS that was not achievable by guidelines alone, while maintaining quality of care...
  30. ncbi Hyponatremia in community-acquired pneumonia
    Vinay Nair
    Division of Nephrology, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Am J Nephrol 27:184-90. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of hyponatremia in CAP and to analyze risk factors for its occurrence...
  31. ncbi Acute exacerbation of COPD: factors associated with poor treatment outcome
    N A Dewan
    Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Creighton University and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68131, USA
    Chest 117:662-71. 2000
    ..To determine the effect of age, severity of lung disease, severity and frequency of exacerbation, steroid use, choice of an antibiotic, and the presence of comorbidity on the outcome of treatment for an acute exacerbation of COPD...
  32. ncbi Impact of antibiotic resistance on clinical outcomes and the cost of care
    M S Niederman
    Department of Medicine and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Crit Care Med 29:N114-20. 2001
    ..In addition, new therapeutic agents may improve on the efficacy of older agents and could reduce cost if they allow for some patients to leave the hospital and to finish therapy with an oral formulation of a highly bioavailable agent...
  33. ncbi Cost-effectiveness of IV-to-oral switch therapy: azithromycin vs cefuroxime with or without erythromycin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia
    Joseph A Paladino
    CPL Associates LLC, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
    Chest 122:1271-9. 2002
    ..To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of IV-to-oral regimens of azithromycin vs cefuroxime with or without erythromycin in the treatment of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)...
  34. ncbi Healthcare-associated pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease, and all patients do not need the same broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy as complex nosocomial pneumonia
    Veronica Brito
    Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, New York, USA
    Curr Opin Infect Dis 22:316-25. 2009
    ..The purpose of this review was to examine articles published since the guidelines were developed to see whether this therapy recommendation is correct...
  35. ncbi Differential patterns of apoptosis in resolving and nonresolving bacterial pneumonia
    J A Kazzaz
    CardioPulmonary Research Institute, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:2043-50. 2000
    ..These data indicate that the location and timing of apoptosis may determine whether pneumonia resolves or progresses to fibrosis...
  36. ncbi Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP): a critical appraisal to improve identification, management, and outcomes--proceedings of the HCAP Summit
    Marin H Kollef
    Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 46:S296-334; quiz 335-8. 2008
    ..The results were then compared with results of the same survey as completed by 744 Infectious Diseases Society of America members. The similarities and differences between those survey results are the basis of this publication...
  37. ncbi Nosocomial pneumonia
    Ravindra M Mehta
    Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
    Curr Opin Infect Dis 15:387-94. 2002
    ....
  38. ncbi Clinical issues and research in respiratory failure from severe acute respiratory syndrome
    Mitchell M Levy
    Department of Medicine, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171:518-26. 2005
    ..The group recommended preparation for studies, including protocols, ethical considerations, Web-based registries, and data entry systems...
  39. ncbi Appropriate use of antimicrobial agents: challenges and strategies for improvement
    Michael S Niederman
    Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA
    Crit Care Med 31:608-16. 2003
    ..Promoting appropriate antimicrobial therapy ultimately will require a multidisciplinary, system-oriented, institution-specific approach because each intensive care unit has its own unique flora and antimicrobial resistance patterns...
  40. ncbi [Conservative use of antibiotics is important, but: "Resistance hysteria is exaggerated"]
    Michael S Niederman
    MMW Fortschr Med 145:56. 2003
  41. ncbi Pneumonia severity index class v patients with community-acquired pneumonia: characteristics, outcomes, and value of severity scores
    Mauricio Valencia
    Servei de Pneumologia, ICT, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, C Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain
    Chest 132:515-22. 2007
    ..The aim of this study was to characterize CAP patients in PSI-V to determine the risk factors for ICU admission and mortality, and to assess the performance of CAP severity scores in this population...
  42. ncbi Microbiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia compared with that of hospital-acquired pneumonia
    David J Weber
    Department of Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care System, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 28:825-31. 2007
    ..This evaluation assessed whether the currently recommended empirical therapy is appropriate for both ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and HAP by evaluating the infecting flora...
  43. ncbi Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia
    Guy Tellier
    Zoom International Clinical Research Group, 290 Montigny Street, Saint Jerome, Quebec J7Z 5T3, Canada
    J Antimicrob Chemother 54:515-23. 2004
    ..Bacteriological efficacy was also compared...
  44. ncbi What is the prognosis for using the pneumonia severity index to make site-of-care decisions in community-acquired pneumonia?
    Michael S Niederman
    Chest 124:2051-3. 2003
  45. ncbi Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia: prospective evaluation of the clinical pulmonary infection score as an early clinical predictor of outcome
    Carlos M Luna
    Pulmonary and Critical Care Divisions, Department of Medicine, Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martin, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
    Crit Care Med 31:676-82. 2003
    ..To prospectively evaluate the performance of the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) and its components to identify early in the hospital course of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) which patients are responding to therapy...
  46. ncbi Nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit: controversies and dilemmas
    Ravindra M Mehta
    Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Brooklyn VA Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, USA
    J Intensive Care Med 18:175-88. 2003
    ..No uniform standards exist for the approach to VAP. The authors highlight the major controversies and dilemmas in the clinical approach to VAP, with recommendations for the bedside management of these patients...
  47. ncbi Applying sputum as a diagnostic tool in pneumonia: limited yield, minimal impact on treatment decisions
    Santiago Ewig
    Medizinische Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik Bonn, Bonn, Germany
    Chest 121:1486-92. 2002
    ..Design and interventions: A diagnostic strategy using regular collection of sputum samples, Gram staining in a local laboratory, and mailing of samples to a commercial laboratory for culture analysis...
  48. ncbi A randomized trial comparing the cardiac rhythm safety of moxifloxacin vs levofloxacin in elderly patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
    Joel Morganroth
    University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and eResearch Technology, Philadelphia, USA
    Chest 128:3398-406. 2005
    ....
  49. ncbi Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
    Lionel A Mandell
    McMaster University Medical School, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
    Clin Infect Dis 44:S27-72. 2007
  50. ncbi Community-acquired pneumonia due to gram-negative bacteria and pseudomonas aeruginosa: incidence, risk, and prognosis
    Francisco Arancibia
    Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Servei de Pneumologia i Allergia Respiratoria, Villarroel, 170, E 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Arch Intern Med 162:1849-58. 2002
    ..We determined the incidence of, prognosis of, and risk factors for CAP due to gram-negative bacteria (GNB), including Pseudomonas aeruginosa...
  51. ncbi Therapy of ventilator-associated pneumonia: what more can we do to use less antibiotics?
    Michael S Niederman
    Crit Care Med 32:2344-5. 2004
  52. ncbi Reexamining quinolone use in the intensive care unit: use them right or lose the fight against resistant bacteria
    Michael S Niederman
    Crit Care Med 33:443-4. 2005
  53. ncbi Health-care-associated pneumonia: a new therapeutic paradigm
    Kumiko Hiramatsu
    Chest 128:3784-7. 2005
  54. ncbi Comparative efficacies and tolerabilities of intravenous azithromycin plus ceftriaxone and intravenous levofloxacin with step-down oral therapy for hospitalized patients with moderate to severe community-acquired pneumonia
    Marcus Zervos
    William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
    Treat Respir Med 3:329-36. 2004
    ....
  55. ncbi How do we optimize outcomes for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia?
    Michael S Niederman
    Intensive Care Med 28:1003-5. 2002
  56. ncbi Antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia
    Thomas M File
    Summa Health System, 75 Arch Street, Suite 105, Akron, OH 44304, USA
    Infect Dis Clin North Am 18:993-1016, xi. 2004
    ....
  57. ncbi Clinical characteristics and treatment patterns among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    Marin H Kollef
    Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    Chest 129:1210-8. 2006
    ..To evaluate clinical characteristics and treatment patterns among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), including the implementation of and outcomes associated with deescalation therapy...
  58. ncbi Does the presence of antibodies justify the use of antibiotics in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
    Michael S Niederman
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169:434-5. 2004
  59. ncbi Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Michael S Niederman
    Ann Intern Med 136:556-8; author reply 556-8. 2002
  60. ncbi Prognostic role of clinical and laboratory criteria to identify early ventilator-associated pneumonia in brain injury
    Paolo Pelosi
    Servizio di Anestesia B, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Viale Borri 57, 21100, Varese, Italy
    Chest 134:101-8. 2008
    ....
  61. ncbi How do we achieve adequate therapy for severe infection?
    George H Karam
    Crit Care Med 31:648-50. 2003
  62. ncbi Can optimal management prevent mortality in ventilator-associated pneumonia?
    Michael S Niederman
    Department of Medicine; Winthrop-University Hospital; Mineola, NY
    Crit Care Med 30:1916-7. 2002
  63. ncbi Who should receive antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis? A plea for more outcome-based studies
    Michael S Niederman
    Clin Infect Dis 39:987-9. 2004
  64. ncbi Bronchoalveolar interleukin-1 beta: a marker of bacterial burden in mechanically ventilated patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    Chieh Liang Wu
    Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taipei
    Crit Care Med 31:812-7. 2003
    ..To assess the relationship between concentrations of bronchoalveolar cytokines and bacterial burden (quantitative bacterial count) in intubated patients with a presumptive diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia...
  65. ncbi Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for severe pneumonia: what do we do when the best laid plans for men (and mice and rats...) fail?
    Michael S Niederman
    Crit Care Med 31:635-7. 2003