Hulin Wu

..But their combinations in viral dynamic modeling significantly predicted virologic response. The HIV dynamic modeling can appropriately capture complicated nonlinear relationships and interactions among multiple covariates...

..A user-friendly computational tool also has been developed and is publicly available on the World Wide Web at http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/bstools/vfitness/virusfitness.htm...

..Although we have developed the identifiability methods based on an HIV dynamic model, the proposed methodologies are generally applicable to any ordinary differential equation systems...

..The proposed mathematic models and statistical techniques may provide a framework to simulate and predict antiviral response for individual patients...

..We also pose some challenging statistical problems in this area in order to stimulate further study by the statistical research community...

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..Practical identifiability was investigated via Monte Carlo simulations...

..The basic concept of the longitudinal HIV dynamic systems and the proposed methodologies are generally applicable to any other biomedical dynamic systems...

..Also, simulation studies were performed to understand the relative contributions of biological parameters to IAV clearance. This study provides a basis to better understand and predict influenza virus immunity...

..Together, these efforts provide a better understanding of the primary CD8(+) T cell response to influenza infection, changing the view that the spleen plays a minor role in the primary immune response...

..The accurate estimation of viral fitness relies on complicated computations based on statistical methods. This calls for tools that are easy to access and intuitive to use for various experiments of viral fitness...

..Our results indicate that stimulation most likely occurs through a mechanism whereby NNRTIs stimulate priming or elongation of the tRNA...

..The most profound effect of the presence of IL-4 was decreased death rates for smaller division classes, which supports a role of IL-4 in the protection of B cells from apoptosis...

..We propose that discordant results in the MCA and SCA are due to alterations in late events in the virus life cycle that are not captured in an SCA, such as burst size, cell-to-cell transmission, or infected-cell life span...

..These conflicting results indicate that a more comprehensive, conclusive investigation of hA3G expression levels in various patient cohorts is urgently needed...

..We expect that the proposed modeling and inference approaches for the DE models can be widely used for a variety of biomedical studies...

..071% (95% confidence) and 0.114% (99% confidence) of total CFSE-labeled cells under our laboratory conditions. We offer our methods presented here for other investigators to calculate a threshold in their own CFSE-labeling experiments...

..These observations suggest prior vaccination against H5 influenza HA induces cellular immune responses that cross-react among drifted variants, without precluding a response to new, or existing HA strains...

..This flow cytometry-based growth competition assay offers advantages over current assays for HIV replication efficiency and should prove useful for the evaluation of patient samples in clinical trials...

..This model was then employed to understand the proliferation pattern of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells under polyclonal stimulation...

..We further compared alternative model structures, for example, B-cell activation directly by the virus versus that through professional antigen-presenting cells or dendritic cell licensing of CD8 T cells...

..There were no significant differences in efavirenz pharmacokinetics...

..Small-scale simulation and bootstrap studies show that our bootstrap procedures work well. The proposed approach and procedures are applied to long-term HIV dynamic data from an AIDS clinical study...

..Similar studies are needed in pediatric populations, in whom differing dynamics might translate into age-specific treatment approaches...

..Abacavir did not influence the pharmacokinetics or exposure parameters of either indinavir or efavirenz. The levels of efavirenz exposure were similar in subjects receiving efavirenz q12h or q24h...

..The proposed models and methods may be useful in AIDS clinical trial simulations...

..These data suggest that the potency of the 5 treatment regimens was similar and was not predictive of long-term virologic failure...

..We provide a method for simultaneous likelihood inference on the 2 models and allow for nonignorable data missing. The approach is illustrated with a recent AIDS study by jointly modeling HIV viral dynamics and time to viral rebound...

..From this study, we find an interesting relationship between viral load and CD4+ cell counts during antiviral treatments. Biological interpretations and clinical implications are discussed...

..It is concluded with 95% confidence that phase 1 viral decay differences between exon 26 TT and CC groups are unlikely to exceed 18%...

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..We recommend a multiple imputation method to handle missing covariates. A real data set from an AIDS clinical trial is analysed based on various covariate selection methods and missing data methods...

..The clinical significance of the increase in rifabutin and 25-desacetyl rifabutin concentrations is not known...

..The developed systems will be a useful tool for AIDS clinicians to develop individualized treatments for their patients. ..

..We expect that the results from this project can be used to assess the long-term effectiveness of antiretroviral therapies and provide information for long-term care and treatment management for HIV-I-infected patients. ..

..Thus, the proposed HIV-1 dynamic models in vivo and statistical inferential methodology will provide a powerful tool to understand the pathogenesis of HIV and to search for a cure for AIDS. ..

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