Theodore Mazzone

..Most of these trials will report their findings in the next 5 years. It is likely that the results of ongoing trials will significantly improve our approach to managing cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes and IGT...

..The power of mouse genetics permits targeted mechanistic investigation for understanding how obesity accelerates atherosclerosis in a complex in vivo milieu...

..Addition of pioglitazone to existing therapy in high-risk patients with diabetes and atherosclerotic disease improves cardiovascular outcomes, and may be particularly beneficial for patients with previous myocardial infarction or stroke...

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..Adiposity measures are significantly associated with coronary artery calcium score, but their importance may be largely explained by apolipoprotein B or triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol...

..While studies of relatively short duration have suggested that thiazolidinediones such as pioglitazone might reduce progression of CIMT in persons with diabetes, the results of longer studies have been less clear...

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..However, measurement of coronary artery calcium may be valuable in selected clinical situations, and has potential as a research tool for studying the pathogenesis or treatment of stable coronary artery disease...

..We examined the relationships between VAT and SAT and systemic inflammatory markers in a large well-characterized cohort of subjects with type 2 diabetes...

..In vivo results using adipose tissue transplantation suggest that reduction of adipocyte apoE, and subsequent reduction of adipocyte triglyceride accumulation, could influence lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissue...

..To compare coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression between 2 treatment groups, pioglitazone versus glimepiride...

..The current observations suggest that the PPARgamma-LXR-apoE regulatory cascade could be an important molecular link for cross-talk between adipocyte triglyceride and cholesterol homeostasis...

..Reduced adipocyte apoE expression, for example that accompanying obesity, will suppress adipocyte acquisition of lipid from apoE-containing VLDL...

..Compared with glimepiride, pioglitazone has been shown to slow the progression of atherosclerosis measured by CIMT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..Furthermore, these results suggest adipose tissue apoE participates in defending adipose tissue and organismal energy homeostasis in response to nutritional perturbation...

..To study the risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a group of nonobese and obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control women...

..In animal and observational studies, adiponectin is associated with lipoprotein risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

..They support a model in which endogenously produced adipocyte apoE facilitates adipocyte lipid acquisition from circulating TG-rich lipoproteins...

..Greater accumulation of visceral fat is strongly linked to risk of cardiovascular disease. However, elevated waist circumference by itself does not always identify individuals with increased visceral fat...

..Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with an atherogenic lipoprotein profile. We examined the role of visceral and subcutaneous fat depots, independent of BMI, on the dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes...

..These results establish a novel role for endogenous apoE in adipocyte lipid metabolism and have implications for constructing an integrated model of adipocyte physiology in health and disease...

..Because of its role in modulating adipocyte triglyceride and lipoprotein metabolism, depot-specific differences in endogenous adipocyte apoE could have important implications for modulating the accumulation of lipid in these depots...

..Adipose tissue oxidant stress is emerging as an important mediator of adipocyte dysfunction. These studies were undertaken to evaluate the role of oxidant stress for regulation of adipocyte apoE...

..The following review examines data from additional studies evaluating how pioglitazone and HDL levels modify cardiovascular risk...

..The suppression of adipocyte apoE by the proinflammatory adipose tissue milieu associated with obesity will have important downstream effects on adipocyte triglyceride turnover and content...

..These changes recapitulate those observed in apoE knockout adipocytes and have implications for understanding metabolic disturbances in humans expressing the E2 isoform...

..These findings may have significant potential to advance stem-cell-based therapeutics...

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..The unfolding role of adipose tissue as an important metabolic and secretory organ provides new opportunities for developing more effective approaches for preventing obesity and its atherosclerotic complications...

..These results establish a regulatory interaction between two branches of macrophage sterol homeostatic pathways that could facilitate a rapid response to changes in macrophage sterol content relative to need...

..CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that SDB is pathophysiologically related to impaired glucose homeostasis, and that CPAP can be an important therapeutic approach for diabetic patients with SDB...

..Recently, endogenous expression of apolipoprotein E (apoE) in adipose tissue has been shown to have important effects on adipocyte lipid flux and gene expression. Adipose tissue is also a physiological target of angiotensin II (AII)...

..The dependence for this effect on the C-terminal domain of apoE suggests a model in which the SM content of intracellular membranes modulates the secretion of nascent apoE via the interaction with amphipathic lipid-binding domains...

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..We evaluated the relationship between apoE and ABCA1 for regulating cellular sterol efflux...

..These results indicate for the first time that adipose tissue expression of apoE is modulated by physiologic regulators of insulin sensitivity...

..We studied the correlates of ketonuria among African American and Hispanic/Latino patients with Type 2 diabetes who did not have ketoacidosis...

..These findings demonstrate a potential use of CB f-Mphi and may lead to develop new therapeutic strategy for treating dominant disease...

..Our findings may advance our understanding of the immunobiology of stem cells and facilitate the therapeutic application of cord blood stem cells...

..To our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between olanzapine therapy and tuberous xanthomas and the sixth report of this rare apoE2/E2 (arginine 145 to cysteine) mutation in the literature...

..These results demonstrate that leptin replacement has positive effects on multiple levels of GH axis function in ob/ob mice...

..This model can provide a valuable tool for translational research into T1D...

..To validate an MRI technique for measuring liver fat content by calibrating MRI readings with liver phantoms and comparing MRI measurements in human subjects with estimates of liver fat content on liver biopsy specimens...

..This reduction of endogenous apoE is accompanied by reduced sterol efflux from macrophages...

..The evolving composition of this matrix will, therefore, be important for regulating apoE expression and processing by vessel wall macrophages...

..These results indicate that oleic acid increases apoE secretion from macrophages at a locus involving post-translational glycosylation...

..It is concluded that expression of SR-BI in macrophages increases the rate of free cholesterol transport, and modulates free cholesterol distribution between the plasma membrane and the internal membrane compartments in macrophages...

..Although firm guidelines will need to await completion of these clinical trials, the present statement also provides consensus recommendations for hyperglycemia management in patients with ACS on the basis of the available data...

..To compare the efficacy and safety of the recommended usual starting and next highest doses of ezetimibe/ simvastatin and atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia...

..Although firm guidelines will need to await completion of these clinical trials, the present statement also provides consensus recommendations for hyperglycemia management in patients with ACS on the basis of the available data...

..For these studies, adipose tissue will be collected from the gluteal and abdominal subcutaneous regions, and from the intraperitoneal visceral region, of patients undergoing bariatric surgery; and utilized for isolation of adipocytes. ..

..Understanding the mechanism by which aop E exerts its anti-atherogenic effect in the vessel wall will provide important insight into the pathobiology of the vessel wall lesion. ..

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..For these studies, adipose tissue will be collected from the gluteal and abdominal subcutaneous regions, and from the intraperitoneal visceral region, of patients undergoing bariatric surgery; and utilized for isolation of adipocytes. ..

..In this Specific Aim we will more thoroughly examine the metabolism of LDL and ALDL as it is influenced by the cell surface pool of macrophage derived apo E. ..

..Understanding the regulation of apoE production in macrophages could provide major insights into understanding the pathophysiology of disease processes in which macrophages play a key role, for example, atherosclerosis...

..Macrophage apo E synthesis and its regulation could have important implications for cholesterol balance of normal and diseased vessel wall tissue...