R M Hirschfeld

Summary

Affiliation: University of Texas Medical Branch
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi History and evolution of the monoamine hypothesis of depression
    R M Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 61:4-6. 2000
  2. ncbi Defining the clinical course of bipolar disorder: response, remission, relapse, recurrence, and roughening
    Robert Ma Hirschfeld
    Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
    Psychopharmacol Bull 40:7-14. 2007
  3. ncbi Screening for bipolar disorder in the community
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555 188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:53-9. 2003
  4. ncbi Perceptions and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the national depressive and manic-depressive association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:161-74. 2003
  5. ncbi A randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of divalproex sodium extended-release in the acute treatment of mania
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    The University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Psychiatry, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 71:426-32. 2010
  6. ncbi Introduction: an overview of the issues surrounding the recognition and management of bipolar disorder and comorbid anxiety
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:3-4. 2006
  7. ncbi The efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorders
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:15-21. 2003
  8. ncbi The safety and early efficacy of oral-loaded divalproex versus standard-titration divalproex, lithium, olanzapine, and placebo in the treatment of acute mania associated with bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:841-6. 2003
  9. ncbi An open-label extension trial of risperidone monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar I disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
    Int Clin Psychopharmacol 21:11-20. 2006
  10. ncbi Long-term side effects of SSRIs: sexual dysfunction and weight gain
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 1 302 Rebecca Sealy Building, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:20-4. 2003

Collaborators

Detail Information

Publications64

  1. ncbi History and evolution of the monoamine hypothesis of depression
    R M Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 61:4-6. 2000
    ....
  2. ncbi Defining the clinical course of bipolar disorder: response, remission, relapse, recurrence, and roughening
    Robert Ma Hirschfeld
    Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
    Psychopharmacol Bull 40:7-14. 2007
    ..This manuscript presents working definitions for key clinical course indicators for bipolar disorder, including response, remission, relapse, recurrence, and roughening...
  3. ncbi Screening for bipolar disorder in the community
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555 188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:53-9. 2003
    ..Our goal was to estimate the rate of positive screens for bipolar I and bipolar II disorders in the general population of the United States...
  4. ncbi Perceptions and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the national depressive and manic-depressive association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:161-74. 2003
    ..To assess the experience of selected individuals living with bipolar disorder and compare this experience with that of a similar group of individuals sampled in 1992...
  5. ncbi A randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of divalproex sodium extended-release in the acute treatment of mania
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    The University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Psychiatry, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 71:426-32. 2010
    ..One study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in mania symptoms compared to placebo, while an earlier study did not. Results of the earlier study are presented here...
  6. ncbi Introduction: an overview of the issues surrounding the recognition and management of bipolar disorder and comorbid anxiety
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:3-4. 2006
  7. ncbi The efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in bipolar disorders
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:15-21. 2003
    ....
  8. ncbi The safety and early efficacy of oral-loaded divalproex versus standard-titration divalproex, lithium, olanzapine, and placebo in the treatment of acute mania associated with bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:841-6. 2003
    ..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early efficacy of oral-loaded divalproex...
  9. ncbi An open-label extension trial of risperidone monotherapy in the treatment of bipolar I disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
    Int Clin Psychopharmacol 21:11-20. 2006
    ..Patients switched from placebo to risperidone improved markedly. Risperidone treatment did not induce depression...
  10. ncbi Long-term side effects of SSRIs: sexual dysfunction and weight gain
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 1 302 Rebecca Sealy Building, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:20-4. 2003
    ..Side effects that emerge or persist after 1 month of treatment include sexual dysfunction and weight gain. Although these adverse events are serious, they can be managed successfully if recognized early...
  11. ncbi Time course of depression-symptom improvement during treatment with duloxetine
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Depress Anxiety 21:170-7. 2005
    ..These results may help clinicians establish more accurate expectations regarding treatment with duloxetine...
  12. ncbi Newer antidepressants: review of efficacy and safety of escitalopram and duloxetine
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 65:46-52. 2004
    ..This article reviews the available controlled data on these agents with regard to efficacy, safety, and tolerability...
  13. ncbi Bipolar depression: the real challenge
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, 1 302 Rebbecca Sealy, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 14:S83-8. 2004
    ..These facts emphasise the importance of improving the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar depression...
  14. ncbi Rapid antimanic effect of risperidone monotherapy: a 3-week multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
    Am J Psychiatry 161:1057-65. 2004
    ..This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of risperidone monotherapy in the treatment of acute bipolar mania...
  15. ncbi A review of the evidence for carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in the treatment of bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 7:507-22. 2004
    ..This review presents a balanced selection of the key studies on carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in bipolar disorder...
  16. ncbi Quetiapine in the treatment of anxiety in patients with bipolar I or II depression: a secondary analysis from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:355-62. 2006
    ..The analyses in this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study evaluated effects of quetiapine monotherapy on anxiety symptoms in bipolar depression...
  17. ncbi Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire
    R M Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical Branch, the University of Texas at Galveston 77555 01888, USA
    Am J Psychiatry 157:1873-5. 2000
    ..This report describes the validation of a new brief self-report screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorders called the Mood Disorder Questionnaire...
  18. ncbi Bipolar spectrum disorder: improving its recognition and diagnosis
    R M Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 62:5-9. 2001
    ..One way to increase recognition of bipolar spectrum disorder is to screen for it. A recently introduced screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder, the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, is described...
  19. ncbi Clinical importance of long-term antidepressant treatment
    R M Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 1 302 Rebecca Sealy, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Br J Psychiatry Suppl 42:S4-8. 2001
    ..Depression, which only a few decades ago was considered to be a short-term illness requiring short-term treatment, is now recognised as a recurrent, sometimes chronic, long-term illness...
  20. ncbi Validity of the mood disorder questionnaire: a general population study
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 1 302 Rebecca Sealy, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Am J Psychiatry 160:178-80. 2003
    ..The Mood Disorder Questionnaire has been validated in a psychiatric outpatient study group...
  21. ncbi Screening for bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 1 302 Rebecca Sealy, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    Am J Manag Care 13:S164-9. 2007
    ..The most widely used screening tool is the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. This screening tool will be discussed in this article regarding its use in outpatient clinics and the community...
  22. ncbi Partial response and nonresponse to antidepressant therapy: current approaches and treatment options
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 63:826-37. 2002
    ..Switching to an agent of a different class is probably optimal for those patients who fail to respond to first-line therapy...
  23. ncbi The use of mirtazapine in difficult-to-treat patient populations
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    University of Texas, Galveston, Texas, USA
    Hum Psychopharmacol 17:S33-6. 2002
    ..Mirtazapine has also proved effective in elderly depressed patients and again showed a faster onset of action than another of the SSRIs, paroxetine...
  24. ncbi A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex Maintenance Study Group
    C L Bowden
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284 7792, USA
    Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:481-9. 2000
    ..This study compared the efficacy of divalproex, lithium, and placebo as prophylactic therapy...
  25. ncbi Effect of concurrent anxiety on response to sertraline and imipramine in patients with chronic depression
    J M Russell
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Boulevard, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Route 0197, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
    Depress Anxiety 13:18-27. 2001
    ..High baseline levels of anxiety did not reduce overall antidepressant response but did somewhat delay the onset of response to sertraline or imipramine in patients with chronic depression...
  26. ncbi Maintenance efficacy of divalproex in the prevention of bipolar depression
    Laszlo Gyulai
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
    Neuropsychopharmacology 28:1374-82. 2003
    ....
  27. ncbi The Texas implementation of medication algorithms: update to the algorithms for treatment of bipolar I disorder
    Trisha Suppes
    Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 9121, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 66:870-86. 2005
    ..The guidelines for evaluating possible medications, the criteria for selection and ranking, and the updated algorithms are described...
  28. ncbi Citalopram as adjunctive therapy in bipolar depression
    D J Kupfer
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, PA 15213, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 62:985-90. 2001
    ..The treatment of bipolar depression remains a major clinical challenge. The effectiveness and safety of adjunctive citalopram were evaluated in DSM-IV-diagnosed bipolar depressed patients in a 5-site study...
  29. ncbi Bipolar disorder with frequent mood episodes in the national comorbidity survey replication (NCS-R)
    A A Nierenberg
    Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
    Mol Psychiatry 15:1075-87. 2010
    ..Whether these indicators of severity merely reflect attenuated effects of rapid cycling or independent effects of sub-threshold rapid cycling warrants further study given the high proportion of lifetime cases who met criteria for FME...
  30. ncbi Sexual function and satisfaction in the treatment of chronic major depression with nefazodone, psychotherapy, and their combination
    John Zajecka
    Department of Psychiatry, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1725 W. Harrison Street, Suite 955, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 63:709-16. 2002
    ..Treatment with nefazodone, CBASP, and combined treatment improved sexual interest/satisfaction, with greatest improvement observed with combined treatment...
  31. ncbi Validation of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire for bipolar disorders in adolescents
    Karen Dineen Wagner
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555 0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:827-30. 2006
    ....
  32. ncbi Predictors of bipolar disorder risk among patients currently treated for major depression
    Joseph R Calabrese
    Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    MedGenMed 8:38. 2006
    ..PATIENTS, DESIGN, AND SETTING: Psychiatrists from community and private practice settings sequentially selected patients with unipolar depression who exhibited nonresponse to at least 1 antidepressant (AD) trial...
  33. ncbi Screening for bipolar disorder in patients treated for depression in a family medicine clinic
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555 0188, USA
    J Am Board Fam Pract 18:233-9. 2005
    ..The prevalence of bipolar disorder in patients being treated for depression with antidepressants in a family medicine clinic was investigated in this study...
  34. ncbi Recognition and diagnosis of bipolar disorder
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550-0188, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 65:5-9. 2004
    ..The rate of recognition may be improved by asking patients about bipolar symptoms and by screening for bipolar disorder using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire...
  35. ncbi Prevention of recurrent episodes of depression with venlafaxine ER in a 1-year maintenance phase from the PREVENT Study
    James H Kocsis
    Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10012, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 68:1014-23. 2007
    ..To test the long-term efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended-release (ER) in preventing recurrence in patients with major depression...
  36. ncbi Impact of bipolar disorder on a U.S. community sample
    Joseph R Calabrese
    Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:425-32. 2003
    ..Bipolar symptoms have been associated with significant functional impairment. We conducted a study to determine the psychosocial impact of bipolar disorder in a U.S. community sample...
  37. ncbi Intravenous antidepressants: a review
    Nidal J Moukaddam
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
    Depress Anxiety 19:1-9. 2004
    ..v. over p.o.administration but there are suggestions of a faster onset of action. In one study i.v. citalopram showed superior response rates over p.o. citalopram (79% vs. 63%) in severely depressed patients at 8 weeks...
  38. ncbi Chronic depression and comorbid personality disorders: response to sertraline versus imipramine
    James M Russell
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 77555, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 64:554-61. 2003
    ..Few studies, though, have systematically examined the clinical correlates of Axis II personality disorder comorbidity or its effect on treatment response or time to response...
  39. ncbi Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of nefazodone maintenance treatment in preventing recurrence in chronic depression
    Alan J Gelenberg
    Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, PO Box 245002, Tucson, AZ 85724-5002, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 54:806-17. 2003
    ..8%). Somnolence was significantly greater among the patients taking active medication (15.4%), compared with placebo (4.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Nefazodone is well-tolerated and is an effective maintenance therapy for chronic forms of MDD...
  40. ncbi Bipolar disorder: quality of life and the impact of atypical antipsychotics
    Lana A Vornik
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Calveston, Texas, USA
    Am J Manag Care 11:S275-80. 2005
    ..Among atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine has been studied most with regard to quality of life. In general, symptomatic improvements have been associated with improvements in quality of life...
  41. ncbi Double-blind switch study of imipramine or sertraline treatment of antidepressant-resistant chronic depression
    Michael E Thase
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:233-9. 2002
    ..Although various strategies have been proposed to treat antidepressant nonresponders, little controlled research has been published that examines prospectively the use of switching to an alternate antidepressant...
  42. ncbi Screening for bipolar disorder in a county jail at the time of criminal arrest
    David E Kemp
    Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
    J Psychiatr Res 42:778-86. 2008
    ..This study assessed the operating characteristics of the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) among offenders arrested and detained at a county jail...
  43. ncbi New developments in the neurobiological basis of anxiety disorders
    Jack M Gorman
    Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
    Psychopharmacol Bull 36:49-67. 2002
    ....
  44. ncbi A randomized, double-blind, active-control study of sertraline versus venlafaxine XR in major depressive disorder
    Richard C Shelton
    Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:1674-81. 2006
    ..The objective of the current multisite study was to compare relatively higher doses of sertraline (i.e., 150 mg/day) and venlafaxine extended release (XR) (225 mg/day) in outpatients with major depressive disorder...
  45. ncbi Bipolar disorder--costs and comorbidity
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
    Am J Manag Care 11:S85-90. 2005
    ..In addition, bipolar disorder has been associated with a variety of general medical conditions, which further complicate management of the psychiatric disorder...
  46. ncbi Diagnostic guidelines for bipolar disorder: a summary of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Diagnostic Guidelines Task Force Report
    S Nassir Ghaemi
    Bipolar Disorder Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
    Bipolar Disord 10:117-28. 2008
    ....
  47. ncbi Does psychosocial functioning improve independent of depressive symptoms? A comparison of nefazodone, psychotherapy, and their combination
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0188, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 51:123-33. 2002
    ..Change in depressive symptoms did not fully explain psychosocial improvement. Moderate residual psychosocial impairment remained, suggesting the need for continuation/maintenance treatment...
  48. ncbi Report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on medication treatment of bipolar disorder 2000
    Trisha Suppes
    Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, 75390 9070, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 63:288-99. 2002
    ....
  49. ncbi Diagnostic guidelines for bipolar depression: a probabilistic approach
    Philip B Mitchell
    School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
    Bipolar Disord 10:144-52. 2008
    ..There are currently no accepted diagnostic criteria for bipolar depression for either research or clinical purposes. This paper aimed to develop recommendations for diagnostic criteria for bipolar I depression...
  50. ncbi The Prevention of Recurrent Episodes of Depression with Venlafaxine for Two Years (PREVENT) Study: Outcomes from the 2-year and combined maintenance phases
    Martin B Keller
    Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 68:1246-56. 2007
    ..To report second-year results from the 2-year maintenance phase of a long-term study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release (ER) in preventing recurrence of depression...
  51. ncbi Impact of depressive symptoms compared with manic symptoms in bipolar disorder: results of a U.S. community-based sample
    Joseph R Calabrese
    University Hospitals of Cleveland Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 65:1499-504. 2004
    ..In the present study, we assessed the functional impact of depressive versus manic symptoms in bipolar disorder...
  52. ncbi Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication
    Kathleen R Merikangas
    Intramural Research Program, Section on Developmental Genetic Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:543-52. 2007
    ..There is growing recognition that bipolar disorder (BPD) has a spectrum of expression that is substantially more common than the 1% BP-I prevalence traditionally found in population surveys...
  53. ncbi Effectiveness and medical costs of divalproex versus lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder: results of a naturalistic clinical trial
    Dennis A Revicki
    Center for Health Outcomes Research, MEDTAP International, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 600, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
    J Affect Disord 86:183-93. 2005
    ..The clinical, quality of life (QOL), and medical cost outcomes of treatment with divalproex were compared with lithium in patients with bipolar I disorder over 1 year...
  54. ncbi Long-term treatment strategies in anxiety disorders
    Christer Allgulander
    Karolinska Institute, Neurotec Department, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm
    Psychopharmacol Bull 36:79-92. 2002
    ....
  55. ncbi Validity of the assessment of bipolar spectrum disorders in the WHO CIDI 3.0
    Ronald C Kessler
    Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    J Affect Disord 96:259-69. 2006
    ..CIDI BPD screening scales were also evaluated...
  56. ncbi Are depression and bipolar disorder the same illness?
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Am J Psychiatry 162:1241-2. 2005
  57. ncbi The effectiveness of St. John's Wort in major depressive disorder: a naturalistic phase 2 follow-up in which nonresponders were provided alternate medication
    Alan J Gelenberg
    University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 65:1114-9. 2004
    ..A continuation study of an extract of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) for depression was performed in follow-up to an acute study that found no significant difference between St. John's wort extract and placebo...
  58. ncbi Reassessing carbamazepine in the treatment of bipolar disorder: clinical implications of new data
    Hagop S Akiskal
    University of California, San Diego, USA
    CNS Spectr 10:suppl 1-11; discuss 12-3; quiz 14-5. 2005
    ..Further efforts are needed to update physicians on the use of carbamazepine relative to other medications in the treatment of bipolar disorder...
  59. ncbi Antidepressants for bipolar depression
    Robert M A Hirschfeld
    Am J Psychiatry 162:1546-7; author reply 1547-8. 2005
  60. ncbi Prevalence of bipolar symptoms in epilepsy vs other chronic health disorders
    Alan B Ettinger
    Department of Neurology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
    Neurology 65:535-40. 2005
    ..To estimate the comparative prevalence of bipolar symptoms in respondents with epilepsy vs other chronic medical conditions...
  61. ncbi Use of health care services among persons who screen positive for bipolar disorder
    Mark A Frye
    Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 1544, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
    Psychiatr Serv 56:1529-33. 2005
    ..This study examined patterns of diagnosis, consultation, and treatment of persons who screened positive for bipolar disorder...
  62. ncbi Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of mania: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials
    Roy H Perlis
    Bipolar Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    J Clin Psychiatry 67:509-16. 2006
    ..However, there are no published comparisons of individual atypical antipsychotics for mania...
  63. ncbi Can we distinguish anxiety from depression?
    David S Baldwin
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
    Psychopharmacol Bull 36:158-65. 2002
    ..There is still uncertainty regarding the neurobiological cause, but it is probably linked to dysregulation in the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems...
  64. ncbi The distinct temperament profiles of bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar patients
    Hagop S Akiskal
    National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression, Clinical Studies, Rockville, MD, USA
    J Affect Disord 92:19-33. 2006
    ....