J E Grant

..Subtyping of individuals with kleptomania may be a useful way to better understand this behavior and decide on effective treatment interventions...

..Memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, appears to reduce glutamate excitability and improve impulsive behaviors, suggesting it may help individuals with CB...

..The results highlight the need for further research to identify common pathophysiological elements common to OCPD and associated disorders...

..The extent to which these disorders share a common cognitive phenotype, however, has yet to be examined. This study sought to compare inhibitory control processes in individuals with PSP or TTM...

..It is unclear whether such impairment can occur in the absence of potential confounding influences of co-morbid axis-I disorders and use of other illicit substances...

..Further research is needed to validate our findings and identify whether treatments should be specially tailored differently for men and women with grooming disorders...

..Despite its relatively long history, kleptomania remains poorly understood to the general public, clinicians, and sufferers...

..Although pathologic skin picking is a relatively common behavior, treatment data are limited. We hypothesized that lamotrigine would reduce the symptoms of pathologic skin picking...

..To examine in a sex-sensitive manner the frequencies, clinical correlates, and patterns of co-occurrence of impulse-control disorders in adolescent psychiatric inpatients...

..Women with borderline personality disorder-self-injurious behavior exhibit decreased white matter microstructural integrity in inferior frontal brain regions that may include components of orbito-frontal circuitry...

..The construct of compulsivity as related to ICDs and OCD warrants additional investigation to identify the similarities and differences and to examine the implications for prevention and treatment strategies...

..Few empirical investigations have been performed in kleptomania, particularly with respect to gender-related influences...

..This study examined the efficacy and tolerability of the opioid antagonist naltrexone in adults with PG who have urges to gamble...

..N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an amino acid, seems to restore extracellular glutamate concentration in the nucleus accumbens and therefore offers promise in reducing addictive behavior...

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..Larger, longer, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies are needed to evaluate further the safety and tolerability of escitalopram in the treatment of PG and co-occurring anxiety...

..These preliminary results suggest that sexual obsessions are fairly common among individuals with OCD and may be associated with important clinical characteristics...

..693, p=0.004). As a group, subjects with kleptomania did not demonstrate deficits on neuropsychological testing. Greater kleptomania symptom severity, however, was correlated with impairment in executive functioning...

..This study details the demographic and phenomenological features of individuals with DSM-IV lifetime pyromania...

..04). Psychiatric comorbidity and impairment are high in gay and bisexual men with PG. Research is needed to optimize patient care for gay and bisexual men with PG...

..The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and clinical correlates of pathological skin picking (PSP) in a large sample of individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)...

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..Late-onset PG is relatively common and has distinct clinical characteristics suggesting that this population might benefit from unique prevention and treatment strategies...

..No studies have systematically examined predictors of medication treatment outcome in PG. Understanding clinical variables related to treatment outcome should help generate treatment algorithms for PG...

..The question of whether a larger, well-powered sample would have detected differences between NAC plus naltrexone and placebo deserves further examination...

..Memantine, an N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonist, appears to reduce glutamate excitability and improve impulsive decision making, suggesting it may help individuals with PG...

..These findings suggest that medication dosing may be an important consideration in achieving symptom control...

..This study sought to examine whether those benefits were maintained 6 months post-treatment...

..Significant distress and loss of control over this behavior suggest that stealing often has significant associated morbidity...

..An assessment of adolescent shopping behavior along a continuum of severity and its relationship to other behaviors and health issues is incompletely understood...

..Trichotillomania is characterized by repetitive pulling causing noticeable hair loss. Pharmacological treatment data for trichotillomania are limited...

..6%), and avoidant (n = 71; 49.0%) personality disorders. Preliminary data suggest that there is a high prevalence of personality disorders in the GLBT population undergoing chemical dependency treatment.?..

..However, these neurocognitive data suggest that lamotrigine may be valuable in a subset of patients who exhibit relatively impaired cognitive flexibility...

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..Little is known about trichophagia in individuals with trichotillomania. Although studies have mentioned the behavior, no previous studies have examined clinical correlates of trichophagia...

..This study examined the efficacy and tolerability of the opioid antagonist naltrexone in adults with kleptomania who have urges to steal...

..N-acetylcysteine, an amino acid, seems to restore the extracellular glutamate concentration in the nucleus accumbens and, therefore, offers promise in the reduction of compulsive behavior...

..Although the disorder is common, appropriate treatments for PSP are limited. Pharmacotherapeutic and certain cognitive-behavioral interventions have demonstrated promise in treating this disorder and need to be explored further...

..People who failed to respond to Gamblers Anonymous reported significantly greater reduction in pathological gambling symptoms following later assignment to IDMI. Abstinence was achieved by 63.6% during the acute IDMI treatment period...

..These findings require replication in larger groups, including non-psychiatric populations, to examine their generalizability...

..Kleptomania is associated with significant legal repercussions. The findings emphasize the need for rigorous treatment approaches to target kleptomania symptoms and prevent re-offending...

..Although prior studies have examined rates of bankruptcy in pathologic gambling (PG), there are only limited data regarding the clinical correlates of those with PG who declare bankruptcy because of gambling...

..Nicotine dependence frequently co-occurs with subsyndromal and pathological levels of gambling. The relationship of nicotine dependence, levels of gambling pathology, and other psychiatric disorders, however, is incompletely understood...

..These preliminary findings suggest that neglectful parenting appears to be associated with pathological gambling disorder...

..This study was constructed to detail the demographic and phenomenological features of pathological gamblers...

..Discontinuation and rechallenge with the medication provides further support that improvement was due to naltrexone. Naltrexone in high doses show promise for the treatment of both kleptomania and compulsive sexual behavior...

..31, df = 15, p = .000). People with kleptomania have higher levels of perceived stress than people with MDD, and the perceived stress decreases as the kleptomania symptoms are treated...

..This report presents a case of an adolescent with kleptomania who responded to naltrexone. The clinical features of kleptomania are reviewed, as are available data on the treatment of this distressing and often disabling disorder...

..To investigate the rate of impulse control disorders among pathological gamblers and examine the relationship of comorbidity to gambling severity...

..The present study was designed to test the short-term efficacy and safety of naltrexone in the treatment of kleptomania...

..We hypothesized that body dysmorphic disorder would be underdiagnosed in patients with anorexia nervosa and that comorbidity with body dysmorphic disorder would result in greater overall dysfunction...

..Paroxetine consistently demonstrated an advantage over placebo on the Clinical Global Impressions scale; however, a larger sample size may have registered significant differences...

..We also discuss dosage strategies, the duration of treatment, issues surrounding medication compliance, and approaches to treatment-refractory pathological gambling, such as pharmacological and behavioral augmentation...

..Naltrexone, or augmentation of naltrexone with an SSRI, appears to be most effective in relieving gambling symptoms...

..This study sought to examine the clinical similarities between PSP and OCD...

..The purpose of this investigation was to shed light on a possible link between dissociation and pathological gambling, a relatively common disorder whose phenomenology remains understudied...

..The 2000 patients appeared to have more severe psychiatric illness and to be more medically complicated. These findings have implications in the context of cost effective health care...

..An improved understanding of the relationship would be helpful in treating individuals with co-occurring pathological gambling and nicotine dependence...

..These preliminary results suggest that there is a low prevalence of ICDs among individuals with OCD, although certain ICDs (skin picking) appear to be more common...

..Because of the shame and humiliation that BDD patients suffer, we hypothesized that, unless specifically screened for at the time of admission, BDD would be underdiagnosed in psychiatric inpatients...

..The authors examined the efficacy and tolerability of the opioid antagonist nalmefene in the treatment of adults with pathological gambling...

..Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a relatively common and often-disabling obsessive compulsive spectrum disorder that often goes unrecognized in clinical practice...

..The authors' goal was to examine the prevalence of impulse control disorders in psychiatric inpatients...

..Although PG is a disabling disorder that continues to represent a clinical challenge for the healthcare professional, our current knowledge of pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions offers potentially effective treatment options...

..This study was constructed to detail the demographic and phenomenological features of males with exhibitionism...

..To estimate the prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, comorbidity, and rates of mental health service utilization of fire-setters in the general population...

..The present findings indicate that many older pathological gamblers respond to "off-label" use of pharmacotherapy. The present findings are preliminary. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm these findings...

..Treatment approaches may need to be tailored for specific problems secondary to gambling and gender issues based on the history of having a problem gambling parent...

..Little is known about substance use disorders (SUDs) in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Although studies have examined SUD comorbidity in BDD, no previous studies have examined clinical correlates of SUD comorbidity...

..There appear to be some gender differences in the clinical features of PGD, and these differences may have treatment implications...

..Individuals with a juvenile-onset of OCD or comorbid BPD may be especially vulnerable to SUDs. Further research is needed to identify risk factors for SUDs and to better understand their impact on OCD course...

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..The SCI-PG demonstrated excellent reliability and validity in diagnosing PG in subjects presenting with gambling problems. These findings require replication in other groups to examine their generalizability...

..There appear to be some differences in the clinical features of PGD among geriatric subjects, and these differences may have treatment implications...

..We conclude that kleptomania is a distressing and disabling disorder associated with high rates of psychiatric comorbidity...

..These findings suggest that an understanding of early parenting behavior and a dimensional approach to the personality of kleptomaniacs may offer insight into this disorder and provide clues to treatment strategies...

..This study sought to assess motor inhibitory control and aspects of cognitive flexibility in a sample of individuals with PSP...

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..This study aimed to examine correlates of occupational disability in a large, clinical sample of individuals with a primary diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)...

..A brief clinical description of PGD is followed by a summary of published drug treatment outcomes and the basic principles of medication treatment in office practice...

..There were no statistically significant differences by sex. Because kleptomania patients seeking treatment with medication may differ from others with kleptomania, further studies are needed...

..The present findings provide evidence that naltrexone may be effective in the treatment of pathological gambling disorder. The present report is preliminary and controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings...

..Four case studies are presented that show its efficacy in treating behavioral symptoms in demented patients. We suggest that ECT is beneficial in these potentially life-threatening behavioral disturbances...

..CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that naltrexone is effective in reducing the symptoms of pathologic gambling. Until further studies corroborate the present findings, our report should be interpreted cautiously...

..These results suggest that the personality dimensions of pathological gamblers may differ significantly from both those of OCD patients and normal controls...

..Although more research is needed to determine the mechanism that leads to the excessive sexual behaviour in individuals with CSB, the present case reports suggest that naltrexone may be effective in treating some cases of CSB...

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..Finally, we discuss a research agenda to be addressed in future drug treatment studies in pathological gambling...

..Although categorized as an impulse control disorder, kleptomania has many features in common with substance use disorders...

..32; df = 58; P < .001; t = 7.32; df = 71; P < .001, respectively). These results suggest that patients with kleptomania and pathological gamblers have notably poor quality of life...

..Traditionally, mood and gambling symptoms have been known to overlap. In the present review we attempt to examine the diagnostic associations and implications for treatment...

..We also examined the relationship between alcohol craving and the clinical characteristics of alcohol-dependent patients...

..This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the hepatic safety profile of prolonged high-dose oral naltrexone (150 mg/d) is acceptable if over-the-counter analgesic use is restricted...

..Persons with kleptomania appear to have a high prevalence of personality disorders. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship of kleptomania to personality...

..In this article, we review the microbial characteristics of GABHS and the subsequent immune responses to GABHS as a possible etiology of PANDAS...

..Little is known about the role of the endogenous opioid system in these differences. This study was conducted to compare adrenocortical, pain sensitivity, and blood pressure responses to opioid blockade using naltrexone in men and women...

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..No significant differences were found for other measures assessed. Further research is necessary to determine the subpopulations in which these effects are of greatest magnitude and the long term safety implications of these effects...

..This award would provide me with the necessary background for further studies in the treatment of pathological gambling and the training for an independent patient-oriented research career. ..