Research Topics
Genomes and GenesSpecies | Barbara A GoffSummaryAffiliation: University of Washington Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Oncogene expression: long-term compared with short-term survival in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancerB A Goff
University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle 98195, USA
Obstet Gynecol 92:88-93. 1998..To determine if oncogene overexpression in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer correlates with survival...- Treatment of recurrent or persistent platinum-refractory ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer with gemcitabine and topotecan: a phase II trial of the Puget Sound Oncology ConsortiumBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 110:146-51. 2008..To determine the nature and degree of toxicity, response rate, quality of life (QOL), and progression-free interval in women with platinum-resistant refractory ovarian or peritoneal cancer receiving weekly topotecan and gemcitabine... - Ovarian cancer: patterns of surgical care across the United StatesBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 103:383-90. 2006..To describe the primary surgical procedures and procedures for intraoperative and postoperative complications, and factors associated with these procedures, in women with ovarian cancer... - Development of an ovarian cancer symptom index: possibilities for earlier detectionBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98196 6460, USA
Cancer 109:221-7. 2007..Currently, screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended for the general population. Targeting women with specific symptoms for screening has been evaluated only recently, because it was believed that symptoms had limited specificity... - Assessment of resident surgical skills: is testing feasible?Barbara Goff
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 192:1331-8; discussion 1338-40. 2005..Our goal was to establish feasibility of this evaluation instrument when administered at multiple residency programs throughout the US, and assess the impact of a laboratory-based surgical curriculum on results... - Frequency of symptoms of ovarian cancer in women presenting to primary care clinicsBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA
JAMA 291:2705-12. 2004..Women with ovarian cancer frequently report symptoms prior to diagnosis, but distinguishing these symptoms from those that normally occur in women remains problematic... - Changing the paradigm in surgical educationBarbara A Goff
University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
Obstet Gynecol 112:328-32. 2008..Identifying more effective methods to teach and assess surgical skills will benefit not only our trainees but also the patients for whom we care... - Evaluation of p27 in preinvasive and invasive malignancies of the cervixBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 88:40-4. 2003..Low levels have been associated with poor prognosis. Our goal was to determine if p27 expression could be used to screen for dysplasia and if it is a prognostic factor for cervical malignancies... - Predictors of comprehensive surgical treatment in patients with ovarian cancerBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Cancer 109:2031-42. 2007..In this study, the authors identified factors that were associated with a measure of comprehensive surgery, so that interventions may be targeted appropriately to improve surgical care... - Evaluation of chemoresistance markers in women with epithelial ovarian carcinomaB A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 81:18-24. 2001..Our goal was to evaluate the expression of LRP, MRP, and p27 in normal ovaries and chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian carcinomas... - Development of an objective structured assessment of technical skills for obstetric and gynecology residentsB A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195 6460, USA
Obstet Gynecol 96:146-50. 2000..To develop an objective structured assessment for evaluating surgical skills of obstetrics and gynecology residents and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the assessment... - Comparison of objective, structured assessment of technical skills with a virtual reality hysteroscopy trainer and standard latex hysteroscopy modelBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Box 356460, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
J Reprod Med 52:407-12. 2007..To evaluate a virtual reality (VR) hysteroscopy device and a standard latex hysteroscopy model for assessment of residents' surgical skills... - Formal teaching of surgical skills in an obstetric-gynecologic residencyB A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Obstet Gynecol 93:785-90. 1999..To describe a formal teaching program of basic surgical skills in an obstetric-gynecologic residency program and evaluate its effectiveness... - Development of a bench station objective structured assessment of technical skillsB A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Obstet Gynecol 98:412-6. 2001..Our goal was to develop a less costly bench station objective structured assessment of technical skills and to evaluate the feasibility, reliability, and validity of this exam... - Alternative intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimens for optimally debulked ovarian cancerHeidi J Gray
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 116:340-4. 2010..We hypothesized that women treated with alternative IP chemotherapy strategies may have less toxicity and improved compliance... - Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the Medicare cohort with advanced ovarian cancerMelissa M Thrall
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
Gynecol Oncol 123:461-6. 2011..While NAC may facilitate and simplify complete cytoreduction and reduce the risk of surgery, the delay of surgery related to NAC needs to be balanced against any potential benefit... - Use of a Symptom Index, CA125, and HE4 to predict ovarian cancerM Robyn Andersen
Molecular Diagnostics Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109 1024, USA
Gynecol Oncol 116:378-83. 2010..Prior studies suggest that combining the Symptom Index (SI) with a serum HE4 test or a CA125 test may improve prediction of ovarian cancer. However, these three tests have not been evaluated in combination... - Common polymorphisms in TP53 and MDM2 and the relationship to TP53 mutations and clinical outcomes in women with ovarian and peritoneal carcinomasVijaya Galic
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Genes Chromosomes Cancer 46:239-47. 2007..04). Somatic mutation or deletion was equally common for either codon 72 allele. Age of diagnosis was not influenced by codon 72 but showed a trend for younger age in women with somatic TP53 mutations and the MDM2 G/G genotype... - Treatment of recurrent platinum resistant ovarian or peritoneal cancer with gemcitabine and doxorubicin: A phase I/II trial of the Puget Sound Oncology Consortium (PSOC 1602)Barbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, 98195-6460, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:1556-62; discussion 1562-4. 2003..Overall, approximately 55% of women with platinum-resistant ovarian or peritoneal cancer benefit from this regimen with response or stabilization of disease... - Combined weekly topotecan and biweekly bevacizumab in women with platinum-resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer: results of a phase 2 studyKathryn F McGonigle
Women s Cancer Care of Seattle, Seattle, Washington 98133, USA
Cancer 117:3731-40. 2011..A phase 2 trial was conducted to determine the toxicity and efficacy of combined weekly topotecan and biweekly bevacizumab in patients with primary or secondary platinum-resistant ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer (OC)... - Common polymorphism in interleukin 6 influences survival of women with ovarian and peritoneal carcinomaRuchi Garg
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 103:793-6. 2006..The IL6 -174 promoter polymorphism impacts serum cytokine levels through transcriptional regulation. The objective of our study was to determine if -174 IL6 genotype influences survival in ovarian cancer... - The molecular pathogenesis of hereditary ovarian carcinoma: alterations in the tubal epithelium of women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutationsBarbara M Norquist
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
Cancer 116:5261-71. 2010..BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2)-mutated ovarian carcinomas may originate in the fallopian tube. The authors of this report investigated alterations in BRCA1/2 tubal epithelium to define the molecular pathogenesis of these carcinomas... - Involvement of gynecologic oncologists in the treatment of patients with a suspicious ovarian massBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Obstet Gynecol 118:854-62. 2011..To identify the factors associated with inclusion of a gynecologic oncologist in managing the care of a woman with suspected ovarian cancer... - The temporal stability of the Symptom Index among women at high-risk for ovarian cancerKimberly A Lowe
Molecular Diagnostics Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109 1024, USA
Gynecol Oncol 114:225-30. 2009..To evaluate the temporal stability of self-reported symptoms known to be associated with ovarian cancer... - Identification of a preneoplastic gene expression profile in tubal epithelium of BRCA1 mutation carriersJoshua Z Press
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Neoplasia 12:993-1002. 2010..The expression of a subset of genes was validated with quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry... - Methylation and protein expression of DNA repair genes: association with chemotherapy exposure and survival in sporadic ovarian and peritoneal carcinomasElizabeth M Swisher
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Mol Cancer 8:48. 2009..Additionally, we assessed whether promoter methylation of BRCA1, MLH1 or FANCF influenced response to chemotherapy or explained alterations in protein expression after chemotherapy exposure... - A new curriculum for hysteroscopy training as demonstrated by an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS)Amy L VanBlaricom
Department of Obstetrics, University of Washington, Madigan Army Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:1856-65. 2005..CONCLUSION: This curriculum is an effective way to impart knowledge and skill in the assembly and use of the operative hysteroscope. The checklist developed for this OSATS has excellent reliability and construct validity... - Trends in treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the Medicare populationMelissa M Thrall
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
Gynecol Oncol 122:100-6. 2011..This study evaluated patterns of care, frequency of completion of recommended therapy and factors associated with sequencing of therapy... - Combining a symptoms index with CA 125 to improve detection of ovarian cancerM Robyn Andersen
Molecular Diagnostics Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109 1024, USA
Cancer 113:484-9. 2008.... - FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells are abundant in vulvar Paget's disease and are associated with recurrenceJoshua Z Press
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 120:296-9. 2011..To characterize clinical features of vulvar Paget's disease, and examine the quantity of immunosuppressive regulatory T-cells in vulvar Paget's tissue... - Genomic structure of chromosome 17 deletions in BRCA1-associated ovarian cancersKaren M Chisholm
Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Cancer Genet Cytogenet 183:41-8. 2008..In those tumors with retention of part of chromosome 17, LOH margins suggest that a high Alu content may have a role in the deletions... - Surgical skills assessment: a blinded examination of obstetrics and gynecology residentsBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, 98195-6460, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 186:613-7. 2002..This study provides further evidence that OSATS can be used to establish surgical competence... - Ovarian cancer in the elderly: outcomes with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary cytoreductionKate A McLean
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 118:43-6. 2010..Recent studies have suggested inferior outcomes for elderly women with ovarian cancer. Our goal was to evaluate neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus primary cytoreduction in elderly women... - Intratumoral T cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells: association with p53 mutations, circulating tumor DNA and survival in women with ovarian cancerChirag A Shah
University of Washington Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 109:215-9. 2008..Forty percent of women with ovarian cancer have circulating free tumor DNA. We sought to determine if the tumor immune infiltrate varied based on tumor p53 mutation status or presence of circulating tumor DNA... - Patterns of spread and recurrence of sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovaryMelissa M Thrall
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 356460, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 122:242-5. 2011..To confirm these findings, we evaluated pathologic findings in women undergoing surgical management of sex cord-stromal tumors in the Seattle metropolitan area... - Symptom triggered screening for ovarian cancer: a pilot study of feasibility and acceptabilityBarbara A Goff
University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 124:230-5. 2012..Our goal was to determine if symptom-based ovarian cancer screening was feasible in a primary care clinic and acceptable to women and practitioners. In addition, we wanted to describe the outcomes for a pilot group of screened women... - Vignette-based study of ovarian cancer screening: do u.s. Physicians report adhering to evidence-based recommendations?Laura Mae Baldwin
The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
Ann Intern Med 156:182-94. 2012..Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute... - Factors affecting risk of mortality in women with vaginal cancerChirag A Shah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Obstet Gynecol 113:1038-45. 2009..To estimate the current effect of demographics, pathology, and treatment on mortality among women with vaginal cancer... - Predictors of occult neoplasia in women undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomyJulie D Lamb
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6460, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 194:1702-9. 2006..A thorough pathologic and surgical protocol at the time of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy may improve the risk of subsequent primary peritoneal cancer... - An evaluation of cervical cancer in women age sixty and overKatrina V Fox
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 109:53-8. 2008..To assess prior cervical cancer screening, stage at time of diagnosis and outcome in women sixty years of age and over with cervical cancer... - A six-year study of surgical teaching and skills evaluation for obstetric/gynecologic residents in porcine and inanimate surgical modelsGretchen M Lentz
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:2056-61. 2005..Resident surgical skills evaluated by OSATS significantly improve over time both individually and as a cohort by resident year... - Weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin in combination with pelvic radiation in the primary therapy of cervical cancer: a phase I trial of the Puget Sound Oncology ConsortiumElizabeth M Swisher
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, 1959 N E Pacific St, Box 356460, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 101:429-35. 2006..Define the maximum tolerated dose of weekly gemcitabine given concomitantly with standard weekly cisplatin and pelvic radiotherapy for primary treatment of cervical cancer... - Alternate molecular genetic pathways in ovarian carcinomas of common histological typesJulia Willner
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Hum Pathol 38:607-13. 2007..Mutations in p53, PIK3CA, PTEN, and CTNNB1 account for most EC tumors; most CC remain unexplained. EC/CC histology is a favorable prognostic factor... - Involvement in decision-making about treatment and ovarian cancer survivor quality of lifeM Robyn Andersen
Molecular Diagnostics Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109 1024, USA
Gynecol Oncol 124:465-70. 2012.... - Pelvic exenteration in the age of modern chemoradiationKate A McLean
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
Gynecol Oncol 121:131-4. 2011..To examine outcomes after pelvic exenteration in women treated with modern chemoradiation and surgical techniques... - Self-assessment of resident surgical skills: is it feasible?Lynn S Mandel
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:1817-22. 2005.... - Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix revisitedHeidi J Gray
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Gynecol Oncol 85:274-7. 2002..Thus, patients with LVSI, deep stromal invasion, and large tumor size are at the highest risk for pelvic relapse and should be candidates for adjuvant treatment... - Microparticles from ovarian carcinomas are shed into ascites and promote cell migrationJoshua Z Press
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA and Division of Public Health Sciences, and Molecular Diagnostics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
Int J Gynecol Cancer 22:546-52. 2012.... - MiR-221 and MiR-222 alterations in sporadic ovarian carcinoma: Relationship to CDKN1B, CDKNIC and overall survivalKaitlyn Wurz
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Genes Chromosomes Cancer 49:577-84. 2010..01). In contrast, CDKN1B expression was not associated with miR-221 or miR-222 expression. Neither somatic mutations nor methylation of the studied region explained the alterations in miR-221 and miR-222 expression in most carcinomas... - Tumor-specific p53 sequences in blood and peritoneal fluid of women with epithelial ovarian cancerElizabeth M Swisher
Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:662-7. 2005..Free tumor DNA in body fluids may be an important biomarker. We tested whether tumor-specific mutated p53 DNA can be detected in blood and peritoneal fluid from women with epithelial ovarian cancer... - Training and assessment in gynaecologic surgery: the role of simulationBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, 98195 6460, United States
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 24:759-66. 2010..Most importantly, it requires desire on the part of the trainees to devote the hours of practise needed to make themselves accomplished surgeons... - Thirty-day mortality after primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer in the elderlyMelissa M Thrall
Department of Obstetrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 6460, USA
Obstet Gynecol 118:537-47. 2011..To identify factors associated with increased 30-day mortality after advanced ovarian cancer debulking among elderly women... - Training the next generation of minimally invasive surgeonsMichael F Fialkow
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 16:136-41. 2009..Although many questions remain about how to optimally apply and evaluate the educational tools being developed, it appears certain that surgical simulation, in some form, is the educational paradigm of the present and future... - How are symptoms of ovarian cancer managed? A study of primary care physiciansBarbara A Goff
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Cancer 117:4414-23. 2011..A study was undertaken to identify the diagnostic approaches that primary care physicians and gynecologists undertake in women with symptoms associated with ovarian cancer... - Use of complementary and alternative medicine among women with gynecologic cancersElizabeth M Swisher
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
Gynecol Oncol 84:363-7. 2002..The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) usage by women with gynecologic cancer in an outpatient midwestern university practice... - Does size matter? Tumor size and morphology as predictors of nodal status and recurrence in endometrial cancerChirag Shah
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Box 356460, Seattle, WA 98195 6460, USA
Gynecol Oncol 99:564-70. 2005..To determine whether tumor size or morphology is predictive of extrauterine disease and/or recurrence risk in endometrial cancer and therefore guide decisions about the necessity of complete surgical staging and adjuvant therapy... - Evaluation of postoperative fever: usefulness and cost-effectiveness of routine workupSarah H de la Torre
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, 98195, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:1642-7. 2003..Only patients with these characteristics are most likely to benefit from laboratory and/or radiographic workup of fever... - Risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in relation to use of antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and other centrally acting medicationsSascha Dublin
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
Cancer Causes Control 13:35-45. 2002..An increased risk of ovarian cancer among users of antidepressants and benzodiazepines has been observed in some but not all prior studies. We examined these associations in a population-based case-control study... - The abandoned radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: clinical predictors and outcomesHeidi J Gray
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Obstet Gynecol Int 2010:743794. 2010..168). Overall survival in the abandoned group was 73% versus 80% in the completed group (P = .772). Conclusion. The practice of abandoning a planned radical hysterectomy for unexpected metastatic disease may not worsen the outcome... - A curriculum for Burch colposuspension and diagnostic cystoscopy evaluated by an objective structured assessment of technical skillsMichael Fialkow
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 197:544.e1-6. 2007..The purpose of this study was to develop an effective curriculum for teaching colposuspension and diagnostic cystoscopy... - The significance of psammoma bodies in screening cervical cytologic smearsHoward G Muntz
Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology Section, Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98111 0900, USA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:1609-12; discussion 1612-4. 2003.... - Identification of ovarian cancer symptoms in health insurance claims dataSean M Devlin
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 9455, USA
J Womens Health (Larchmt) 19:381-9. 2010.... - Surgical education: what role should gynecologic oncologists play?Barbara A Goff
Gynecol Oncol 109:164-5. 2008 - Uterine papillary serous carcinoma: what have we learned over the past quarter century?Barbara A Goff
Gynecol Oncol 98:341-3. 2005 - Quality measures in gynecologic cancers: what and when?Barbara A Goff
Gynecol Oncol 110:3-4. 2008