Walter J Freeman

Summary

Affiliation: University of California
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Definitions of state variables and state space for brain-computer interface : Part 2. Extraction and classification of feature vectors
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720 3206, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 1:85-96. 2007
  2. ncbi Ndn, volume transmission, and self-organization in brain dynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Donner 101, University of California at Berkeley, 94720 3206, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 4:407-21. 2005
  3. ncbi Combining fMRI with EEG and MEG in order to relate patterns of brain activity to cognition
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California MC 3206, Berkeley CA 94720 USA
    Int J Psychophysiol 73:43-52. 2009
  4. ncbi Deep analysis of perception through dynamic structures that emerge in cortical activity from self-regulated noise
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California MC 3206, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 3:105-16. 2009
  5. ncbi The place of 'codes' in nonlinear neurodynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Prog Brain Res 165:447-62. 2007
  6. ncbi Brain neural activity patterns yielding numbers are operators, not representations
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Behav Brain Sci 32:336-7; discussion 356-73. 2009
  7. ncbi Perception of time and causation through the kinesthesia of intentional action
    Walter J Freeman
    University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Integr Psychol Behav Sci 42:137-43. 2008
  8. ncbi Simulating cortical background activity at rest with filtered noise
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 7:337-44. 2008
  9. ncbi Understanding perception through neural "codes"
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 58:1884-90. 2011
  10. ncbi Simulated power spectral density (PSD) of background electrocorticogram (ECoG)
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720 3206, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 3:97-103. 2009

Detail Information

Publications32

  1. ncbi Definitions of state variables and state space for brain-computer interface : Part 2. Extraction and classification of feature vectors
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720 3206, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 1:85-96. 2007
    ..The aim of the review is to enable researchers to conceive and identify goal-oriented states in brain activity for use as commands, in order to relegate the details of execution to adaptive control devices outside the brain...
  2. ncbi Ndn, volume transmission, and self-organization in brain dynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Donner 101, University of California at Berkeley, 94720 3206, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 4:407-21. 2005
    ..These systems instantiate volume transmission by nonsynaptic diffusion transmission, in concert with the self-organization of the textured neural activity that supports cognition...
  3. ncbi Combining fMRI with EEG and MEG in order to relate patterns of brain activity to cognition
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California MC 3206, Berkeley CA 94720 USA
    Int J Psychophysiol 73:43-52. 2009
    ..Here the requisite patterns are predicted to be large-scale spatial amplitude modulation (AM) of synchronized neuronal signals in the beta and gamma ranges that are coordinated but not correlated with fMRI intensities...
  4. ncbi Deep analysis of perception through dynamic structures that emerge in cortical activity from self-regulated noise
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California MC 3206, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 3:105-16. 2009
    ..The beats in dynamic theory are deemed essential for perception, by gating beta and gamma bursts at theta rates through enhancement of the cortical signal-to-noise ratio in exceptionally deep down spikes called null spikes...
  5. ncbi The place of 'codes' in nonlinear neurodynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Prog Brain Res 165:447-62. 2007
    ..Here I review the central neural mechanisms of olfaction as a paradigm for use of codes to explain how brains create cortical activities that mediate sensation, perception, comprehension, prediction, decision, and action or inaction...
  6. ncbi Brain neural activity patterns yielding numbers are operators, not representations
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Behav Brain Sci 32:336-7; discussion 356-73. 2009
    ..We postulate that specialized operators produce symbolic representations existing only outside of brains...
  7. ncbi Perception of time and causation through the kinesthesia of intentional action
    Walter J Freeman
    University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Integr Psychol Behav Sci 42:137-43. 2008
    ....
  8. ncbi Simulating cortical background activity at rest with filtered noise
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 7:337-44. 2008
    ..We estimate a threshold in null spike minimal amplitudes below which perceptual frames having gamma oscillations may recur at theta rates...
  9. ncbi Understanding perception through neural "codes"
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 58:1884-90. 2011
    ..My aim is to describe the main properties of the macroscopic code and the grand challenge it poses: how do very large patterns of textured synchronized oscillations form in cortex so quickly?..
  10. ncbi Simulated power spectral density (PSD) of background electrocorticogram (ECoG)
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720 3206, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 3:97-103. 2009
    ..We conclude that the resting ECoG truly is low-dimensional noise, and that the resting state is an optimal starting point for defining and measuring both artifactual and physiological structures emergent in the activated ECoG...
  11. ncbi Definitions of state variables and state space for brain-computer interface : Part 1. Multiple hierarchical levels of brain function
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720 3206, USA
    Cogn Neurodyn 1:3-14. 2007
    ....
  12. ncbi Vortices in brain activity: their mechanism and significance for perception
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Donner 101, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720 3206, United States
    Neural Netw 22:491-501. 2009
    ....
  13. ncbi Aperiodic phase re-setting in scalp EEG of beta-gamma oscillations by state transitions at alpha-theta rates
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 3200, USA
    Hum Brain Mapp 19:248-72. 2003
    ..Cortex functions by serial changes in state. The Hilbert transform of EEG from high-density arrays can visualize these state transitions with high temporal and spatial resolution and should be useful in relating EEG to cognition...
  14. ncbi Metastability, instability, and state transition in neocortex
    Walter J Freeman
    University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    Neural Netw 18:497-504. 2005
    ..A model based on the intentional action-perception cycle is proposed to complement the information processing model...
  15. ncbi A cinematographic hypothesis of cortical dynamics in perception
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, LSA 142 University of California, Berkeley, 94720 3200, USA
    Int J Psychophysiol 60:149-61. 2006
    ..The size, texture, timing, and duration of the AM patterns support the hypothesis that these frames may provide the basis for multisensory percepts (Gestalts)...
  16. ncbi Origin, structure, and role of background EEG activity. Part 3. Neural frame classification
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720-3200, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 116:1118-29. 2005
    ..SIGNIFICANCE: The size, texture and duration of these AM patterns indicate that spatial patterns of human beta frames may be accessible with high-density scalp arrays for correlation with phenomenological reports by human subjects...
  17. ncbi A pseudo-equilibrium thermodynamic model of information processing in nonlinear brain dynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Neural Netw 21:257-65. 2008
    ....
  18. ncbi Fine spatiotemporal structure of phase in human intracranial EEG
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 117:1228-43. 2006
    ..To transfer to the clinic for humans the technology and theory for high-resolution EEG analysis that have been developed in the laboratory with animals...
  19. ncbi The wave packet: an action potential for the 21st century
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3200, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 2:3-30. 2003
    ..The prediction is made for clinical testing that wave packets are precursor to states of awareness. They are not by themselves accessible to experience, as may be the macroscopic states initiated by global state transitions...
  20. ncbi Origin, structure, and role of background EEG activity. Part 2. Analytic phase
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, LSA 142, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3200, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 115:2089-107. 2004
    ..To explain spontaneous EEG through measurements of spatiotemporal patterns of phase among beta-gamma oscillations...
  21. ncbi A field-theoretic approach to understanding scale-free neocortical dynamics
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Biol Cybern 92:350-9. 2005
    ..Self-organized local domains precede formation of global domains that supervene and contribute global modulations to local domains. This mechanism is proposed to explain Gestalt formation in perception...
  22. ncbi Origin, structure, and role of background EEG activity. Part 4: Neural frame simulation
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Donner 101, MC 3206, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 117:572-89. 2006
    ....
  23. ncbi Origin, structure, and role of background EEG activity. Part 1. Analytic amplitude
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, LSA 142, Berkeley CA 94720 3200, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 115:2077-88. 2004
    ..To explain the neural mechanisms of spontaneous EEG by measuring the spatiotemporal patterns of synchrony among beta-gamma oscillations during perception...
  24. ncbi Evidence from human scalp electroencephalograms of global chaotic itinerancy
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
    Chaos 13:1067-77. 2003
    ..The jumps appear to be subcritical bifurcations. They reflect the aperiodic evolution of brain states through sequences of attractors that on access support the experience of remembering...
  25. ncbi Neurodynamic models of brain in psychiatry
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3200, USA
    Neuropsychopharmacology 28:S54-63. 2003
    ..Lack of recognition and understanding may cause failure to use brief windows of opportunity to instill long-term relief of psychic pain by restructuring intentionality in distressed patients...
  26. ncbi Spatial spectra of scalp EEG and EMG from awake humans
    Walter J Freeman
    Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, LSA 142, MC 3200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    Clin Neurophysiol 114:1053-68. 2003
    ..Evaluate spectral scaling properties of scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG), optimal spacing of electrodes, and strategies for mitigating EMG...
  27. ncbi The emergence of mind and emotion in the evolution of neocortex
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
    Riv Psichiatr 46:281-7. 2011
    ..Here in this dynamics are to be sought the keys to understanding and treating the disorders that uniquely plague the human mind...
  28. ncbi Indirect biological measures of consciousness from field studies of brains as dynamical systems
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 3206, USA
    Neural Netw 20:1021-31. 2007
    ..The results of dynamical analysis are discussed in terms serving to distinguish between the neural point processes dictated by the neuron doctrine vs. continuously variable neural fields generated by neural masses in cortex...
  29. ncbi Fine temporal resolution of analytic phase reveals episodic synchronization by state transitions in gamma EEGs
    Walter J Freeman
    Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 3200, USA
    J Neurophysiol 87:937-45. 2002
    ..Further support for this inference will require improvements in methods for temporal resolution of the times of onset of spatial patterns of phase modulation...
  30. ncbi Phase transitions in the neuropercolation model of neural populations with mixed local and non-local interactions
    Robert Kozma
    Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
    Biol Cybern 92:367-79. 2005
    ..Finally, we propose a potential interpretation of ontogenetic development of the neuropil maintaining a dynamical state at the edge of criticality...
  31. ncbi Basic principles of the KIV model and its application to the navigation problem
    Robert Kozma
    Division of Computer Science, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
    J Integr Neurosci 2:125-45. 2003
    ..We demonstrate the learning and navigation principles using the Evolving Multi-module Mobile Agent (EMMA) in 2D software environment...
  32. ncbi Analysis of evoked and emergent patterns of stimulus-related auditory cortical activity
    Frank W Ohl
    Leibniz Institut für Neurobiologie, Magdeburg, Germany
    Rev Neurosci 14:35-42. 2003
    ..The results indicate the coexistence in the same neuronal tissue of a topographic mapping principle for the evoked activity and a holographic mapping principle for the emergent activity...