S A Beresford

..Genome-wide association studies and subsequent replication studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the chromosomal region 8q24 are associated with colorectal cancer susceptibility...

..To evaluate changes in the worksite environment in response to a multilevel intervention over a 2-year period...

..The design and evaluation plan of the group-randomized trial and the recruitment of worksites are described. Preliminary results regarding the dietary and physical activity behaviors associated with BMI are discussed...

..To evaluate long-term change in fruit and vegetable intake following a group randomized trial of worksites...

..Observational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a primary prevention trial...

..The Seattle 5 a Day worksite investigators designed and evaluated an intervention, organized on stages of behavioral change, to increase worksitewide fruit and vegetable consumption...

..Work sites with medium average baseline intake were the most responsive. These findings can guide the development of more efficient community-based dietary interventions...

..To examine the associations of dietary fat and selected plant foods with endometrial cancer in a population-based case-control study...

..To determine whether a low dosage (0.3 mg/day) of unopposed conjugated estrogens can be used without incurring an elevated risk of endometrial cancer...

..The results are discussed in terms of their pragmatic implications...

..The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network consortium is using these findings to develop a Web-based interactive training and decision support tool that is responsive to the needs identified by the survey respondents...

..While research has identified barriers to screening from the patient perspective, less research has addressed screening from the physician perspective...

..To test the feasibility of a dissemination strategy to increase faith communities' (FCs) adoption and implementation of a tested dietary intervention...

..Here, we review the outcome of these efforts to increase minority recruitment to the CGN, and ask what lessons the findings suggest for future minority recruitment initiatives...

..To investigate whether, in the absence of galactosemia, relatively high intestinal lactase activity or low activity of an enzyme involved in galactose catabolism reduces fertility, as it does in the presence of galactosemia...

..Despite these changes, the intervention did not yield lower cost per quality-adjusted life year in this historically prevention-oriented HMO...

..However, an effect could not be ruled out in certain subgroups, such as blacks or women who are homozygous for apoE4...

..It will be feasible to work with barbershops and their clients for a community-based prostate cancer screening decision-aid intervention for African-American men...

..However, the absence of a difference by duration or intensity levels and the inconsistent results from other studies suggest caution before interpreting this association as causal...

..These data will be helpful in recruiting community organisations into health promotion programmes...

..However, recruitment methods may attract different subgroups of individuals, so examining characteristics of samples recruited using different methods can help detect threats to the external validity of research results...

..Decision aids are currently being developed and evaluated for use in cancer-screening decisional settings...

..Where available, we cite data to support the issues that could arise. Where there are no studies, we invite further research. The potential of family history as a health improvement tool is still under review...

..Design/subjects Telephone interviews of a population-based sample of 126 breast, 114 prostate, and 116 colorectal cancer patients from the state of Washington...

..Several studies have identified methods of changing dietary fat consumption in small, intensive intervention settings. Fewer studies have examined how to improve dietary habits of individuals in the general public...

..These data can guide the design of effective intervention strategies to improve health behaviors in sexual minority women...

..g., rates of regular mammography screening). These findings provided a possible explanation for the variety of findings in the published literature and identified rigorous sampling methods that can be used in future research...

..This study examined how to improve dietary habits of individuals from the general public...

..Religious identity was a significant predictor of intention to adhere to mammography recommendations. Findings show that culture and religion, although correlated, may have different associations with health attitudes...

..To consider options for gathering cancer incidence and risk factor data in sexual minority individuals...

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..Changes in knowledge of breast cancer, genetic testing, and cancer worry all significantly predicted intervention changes. This successful intervention can help women make better breast health choices without causing increased worry...

..Adequate levels of funding to further evaluate this approach and to develop appropriate tools should be made available for research activities focused on this important area...

..The present study reports on the important issue of how family communication and support regarding breast cancer risk affects interest in genetic testing and mental health...

..DESIGN, LOCATION, SUBJECTS: Telephone survey of 356 patients with colon, breast, or prostate cancer identified from the population-based Cancer Surveillance System of western Washington...

..These results support further exploration of religious orientation's potential influence on dietary behaviors and its applicability to dietary interventions...

..CONCLUSIONS: Web sites should provide personalized information and personal searching assistance. They should also include disclosures of content sources and a privacy policy that details how personal data is handled...

..The purposes of this study were: 1) to investigate components involved with decision-making for prostate cancer screening among African American men; and 2) to identify cultural factors that may influence screening decisions...

..Future research should examine if successful programs for reducing non-ceremonial tobacco use among urban AI/AN youth can keep young irregular smokers from becoming adult smokers...

..Prospective studies using more sophisticated measures of physical activity assessed at multiple time points during follow-up are needed to corroborate these associations...

..To design effective interventions for families with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, there is need for a model of family members' adjustment to cancer that is specific to these unique aspects of pancreatic cancer...

..We group issues into two categories: connectivity and human interface. Our focus is to conceptualize access as a multicomponent issue that can either reduce or enhance the public health utility of electronic communications...

..Cancer worry decreased in both counseling groups by one scale point (P < 0.05). These results indicate that counseling can relieve women's negative reactions to breast cancer risk...

..This study examined the long-term effects on women's health related quality of life (HRQOL) of involvement in decision-making about their treatment for breast cancer and about follow-up care after treatment...

..The authors argue that more regulation is needed to control and correct this problem in the United States...

..These data add to the growing body of knowledge on sexual minority women's health and point to areas of community action and future research...

..01 for all scales). It appears that continued efforts to search for sense in the cancer experience two or more years after cancer diagnosis are associated with PTSS and lower levels of HRQOL in long-term survivors of breast cancer...

..We collected data on several aspects of resilience and related them to personal perceptions of breast cancer risk and worry about cancer...

..If other behaviors do change with increasing physical activity, this would complicate interpretation of differences in study outcomes in exercise intervention trials...

..Particularly, we need to transfer some of the knowledge from the individual-based trials to community-level interventions. Also, more research with rigorous methodology must be done to test current and future intervention options...

..The authors confirm the existence of systematic bias in dietary self-reports and provide methods of correcting for measurement error...

..The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality developed based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)...

..This study was undertaken to assess the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on incidence of treated diabetes among generally healthy postmenopausal women...

..Now we examine whether the treatment affected self-reported physical functioning and objective measures of physical functioning...

..The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of estrogen plus progestin vs placebo was stopped early, after a mean 5.6 years of follow-up, because the overall health risks of hormone therapy exceeded its benefits...

..The 5 A Day for Better Health community studies demonstrated in randomized trials the efficacy of population-based strategies to increase fruit and vegetable consumption in diverse geographic areas and settings...

..Insulin resistance is associated with prevalent gallstones, but its effect on initial gallstone formation is not well-understood...

..Multiple epidemiologic studies and some trials have linked diet with cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, but long-term intervention data are needed...

..The hypothesis that a low-fat dietary pattern can reduce breast cancer risk has existed for decades but has never been tested in a controlled intervention trial...

..Prepregnancy obesity and serum leptin are strong risk factors for pregnancy-associated gallbladder disease...

..The purpose of this study was to determine if the program increased fruit and vegetable intake in individuals who received the baskets...

..This work is motivated by a series of large randomized trials that test community interventions for promoting cancer preventive lifestyles and behaviors...

..The pattern and number of days per month that progestin is given in postmenopausal combined hormone therapy appears to affect endometrial cancer risk. We assessed the impact of progestin dose on this risk...

..Despite decades of use and considerable research, the role of estrogen alone in preventing chronic diseases in postmenopausal women remains uncertain...

..There have been few long-term follow-up studies of older adults who follow different dietary patterns...

..The effects of continuous combined hormone therapy on gynecologic cancers have not been investigated previously in a randomized trial setting...

..The efficacy of calcium with vitamin D supplementation for preventing hip and other fractures in healthy postmenopausal women remains equivocal...

..However, randomized-trial evidence that calcium with vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in the primary prevention of colorectal cancer is lacking...

..The trial protocol also listed ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer as outcomes that may be favorably affected by the intervention...

..It is unknown whether postmenopausal unopposed estrogen users are better off, in terms of endometrial cancer risk, switching to a combined estrogen-progestin regimen or stopping hormone use altogether...

..In general, a woman's risk of endometrial cancer appears to be influenced by similar risk factors regardless of disease severity...

..To explore socio-economic factors associated with rising rates of overweight among Vietnamese adults...

..Variables associated with stage of dietary fat change included sex, education, and religious organization cohesion. CONCLUSIONS: Demographic variance is an important factor in understanding dietary fat intake...

..The augmentation of this FFQ database with GI and GL values will enable etiologic investigations of GI and GL with numerous disease outcomes in the WHI and other epidemiologic studies that utilize this FFQ...

..Despite decades of accumulated observational evidence, the balance of risks and benefits for hormone use in healthy postmenopausal women remains uncertain...

..Consumption of fish oil has been shown to reduce mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to determine the frequency and associations of dietary fish prescribing by family physicians...

..To identify factors related to formation, participation, and characteristics of employee advisory boards (EABs) in blue-collar worksites...

..To describe strategies for enhancing recruitment of African Americans to a longterm intervention study requiring frequent blood draws and follow-up visits, in a city with relatively few African Americans...

..01 (95% CI: 0.96 to 1.06.) In postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce either blood pressure or the risk of developing hypertension over 7 years of follow-up...

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..We anticipate that this project will yield important contributions to the understanding of obesity prevention. ..

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..The analysis will be conducted using an iterative weighted least squares linear model, adjusting for both individual and environmental effects, and taking into account the group randomized design...

..This rigorous study has the potential to produce an intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intake of demonstrated efficacy, thereby contributing to cancer prevention. ..

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