Lawrence E Armstrong

Summary

Affiliation: University of Connecticut
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Nutritional, physiological, and perceptual responses during a summer ultraendurance cycling event
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Dept of Kinesiology, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 26:307-18. 2012
  2. ncbi The American football uniform: uncompensable heat stress and hyperthermic exhaustion
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Mr Johnson is now at the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
    J Athl Train 45:117-27. 2010
  3. ncbi Nutritional strategies for football: counteracting heat, cold, high altitude, and jet lag
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269, USA
    J Sports Sci 24:723-40. 2006
  4. ncbi Hydration assessment techniques
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Nutr Rev 63:S40-54. 2005
  5. ncbi No effect of 5% hypohydration on running economy of competitive runners at 23 degrees C
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1762-9. 2006
  6. ncbi Caffeine, fluid-electrolyte balance, temperature regulation, and exercise-heat tolerance
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Exerc Sport Sci Rev 35:135-40. 2007
  7. ncbi Accumulation of 2H2O in plasma and eccrine sweat during exercise-heat stress
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Eur J Appl Physiol 108:477-82. 2010
  8. ncbi Exertional hyponatraemia
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    J Sports Sci 22:144-5. 2004
  9. ncbi Exertional hyponatremia
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    Curr Sports Med Rep 5:221-2. 2006
  10. ncbi Assessing hydration status: the elusive gold standard
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Am Coll Nutr 26:575S-584S. 2007

Detail Information

Publications71

  1. ncbi Nutritional, physiological, and perceptual responses during a summer ultraendurance cycling event
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Dept of Kinesiology, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 26:307-18. 2012
    ..4 and 40.2°C). We concluded that these findings provide information regarding energy consumption, macronutrient intake, hydration status, and the physiological stresses that are unique to ultraendurance exercise in a hot environment...
  2. ncbi The American football uniform: uncompensable heat stress and hyperthermic exhaustion
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Mr Johnson is now at the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
    J Athl Train 45:117-27. 2010
    ..In hot environments, the American football uniform predisposes athletes to exertional heat exhaustion or exercise-induced hyperthermia at the threshold for heat stroke (rectal temperature [T(re)] > 39 degrees C)...
  3. ncbi Nutritional strategies for football: counteracting heat, cold, high altitude, and jet lag
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269, USA
    J Sports Sci 24:723-40. 2006
    ....
  4. ncbi Hydration assessment techniques
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Nutr Rev 63:S40-54. 2005
    ..It also provides guidance for selecting techniques that are appropriate for use with unique individuals and situations...
  5. ncbi No effect of 5% hypohydration on running economy of competitive runners at 23 degrees C
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1762-9. 2006
    ..This investigation examined the effects of hypohydration (HY) on RE and associated physiological responses...
  6. ncbi Caffeine, fluid-electrolyte balance, temperature regulation, and exercise-heat tolerance
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Exerc Sport Sci Rev 35:135-40. 2007
    ..This review, contrary to popular beliefs, proposes that caffeine consumption does not result in the following: (a) water-electrolyte imbalances or hyperthermia and (b) reduced exercise-heat tolerance...
  7. ncbi Accumulation of 2H2O in plasma and eccrine sweat during exercise-heat stress
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Eur J Appl Physiol 108:477-82. 2010
    ..These findings clarify the time course of fluid movement from mouth to eccrine sweat glands, and demonstrate considerable differences of (2)H(2)O enrichment in plasma versus sweat...
  8. ncbi Exertional hyponatraemia
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    J Sports Sci 22:144-5. 2004
  9. ncbi Exertional hyponatremia
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    Curr Sports Med Rep 5:221-2. 2006
  10. ncbi Assessing hydration status: the elusive gold standard
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Am Coll Nutr 26:575S-584S. 2007
    ....
  11. ncbi Return to exercise training after heat exhaustion
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    J Sport Rehabil 16:182-9. 2007
    ..Attention to these factors will reduce the risk of future episodes...
  12. ncbi Effect of hydration state on resistance exercise-induced endocrine markers of anabolism, catabolism, and metabolism
    Daniel A Judelson
    Dept of Kinesiology, California State Univ, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA
    J Appl Physiol 105:816-24. 2008
    ..These results suggest that hypohydration can modify the hormonal and metabolic response to resistance exercise, influencing the postexercise circulatory milieu...
  13. ncbi Validity and reliability of devices that assess body temperature during indoor exercise in the heat
    Matthew S Ganio
    University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    J Athl Train 44:124-35. 2009
    ..The validity of these temperature measuring devices in a controlled environment may be more acceptable...
  14. ncbi Influence of hydration status on pacing during trail running in the heat
    Rebecca L Stearns
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 23:2533-41. 2009
    ..These findings reveal that dehydration is associated with decreases in a runners' ability to evenly pace themselves during a competitive situation...
  15. ncbi Perceptual responses while wearing an American football uniform in the heat
    Evan C Johnson
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Mr Johnson is now at the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA
    J Athl Train 45:107-16. 2010
    ..The protective equipment worn during American football has been shown to increase thermal strain; however, the perception of this increased heat has not been examined...
  16. ncbi Effects of hydration state and resistance exercise on markers of muscle damage
    Linda M Yamamoto
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 22:1387-93. 2008
    ..Despite these results, athletes are encouraged to commence exercise in a euhydrated state to maximize endogenous hormonal, mechanical, and metabolic benefits...
  17. ncbi Heat acclimatization and hydration status of American football players during initial summer workouts
    Susan W Yeargin
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 20:463-70. 2006
    ..05). Heart rate, T(GI), and ESQ measurements indicated that football players experienced gradual heat acclimatization and enhanced heat tolerance, despite progressive increases of exercise variables, clothing, and environmental stressors...
  18. ncbi Thermoregulatory responses to exercise in the heat: chronic caffeine intake has no effect
    Melissa W Roti
    The University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory and Department of Kinesiology, Storrs, CT, USA
    Aviat Space Environ Med 77:124-9. 2006
    ..Yet, military personnel are often deployed to hot environments and must perform under sleep-deprived conditions where caffeine would be an ideal intervention strategy to enhance physical and cognitive performance...
  19. ncbi The effect of oral vs. Intravenous rehydration on circulating myoglobin and creatine kinase
    Kathleen N Beasley
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 24:60-7. 2010
    ..Thus, despite previous research that clearly indicates the benefit of ingesting fluids during exercise to attenuate muscle damage, there were no significant differences between the modes of rehydration on circulating Mb and CK...
  20. ncbi Effect of various carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary contraction
    Matthew S Ganio
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 20:104-14. 2010
    ..Performance increases during CE+ may have been influenced by lower RPE and greater preservation of leg strength during exercise in part as a result of the hypothesized effects of CE+ on the central nervous system and skeletal muscle...
  21. ncbi Does creatine supplementation hinder exercise heat tolerance or hydration status? A systematic review with meta-analyses
    Rebecca M Lopez
    University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    J Athl Train 44:215-23. 2009
    ..To critically assess original research addressing the effect of creatine supplementation on exercise heat tolerance and hydration status...
  22. ncbi Human hydration indices: acute and longitudinal reference values
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 20:145-53. 2010
    ..These findings provide euhydration reference values and hydration extremes for 7 commonly used indices in free-living, healthy, active men who were not exercising in a hot environment or training strenuously...
  23. ncbi Effect of ambient temperature on caffeine ergogenicity during endurance exercise
    Matthew S Ganio
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Eur J Appl Physiol 111:1135-46. 2011
    ..CAF improved performance independent of environmental temperature. These findings suggest that caffeine at the dosage utilized (6 mg/kg body mass) is a, legal drug that provides an ergogenic benefit in 12 and 33°C...
  24. ncbi Influence of hydration on physiological function and performance during trail running in the heat
    Douglas J Casa
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Athl Train 45:147-56. 2010
    ..Investigators in these field studies did not control exercise intensity, a known modulator of body core temperature...
  25. ncbi Influence of betaine consumption on strenuous running and sprinting in a hot environment
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 22:851-60. 2008
    ..We interpret the increases of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism (C+B > C) to mean that further investigation of betaine as a nutritional supplement, using other types of exercise, is warranted...
  26. ncbi Comparison of body cooling methods on physiological and perceptual measures of mildly hyperthermic athletes
    Julie K Demartini
    Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 25:2065-74. 2011
    ..These cooling strategies are recommended to decrease T(re) during a brief recovery period between exercise bouts...
  27. ncbi Mild dehydration affects mood in healthy young women
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    J Nutr 142:382-8. 2012
    ..36% dehydration in females. Increased emphasis on optimal hydration is warranted, especially during and after moderate exercise...
  28. ncbi Appearance of D2O in sweat after oral and oral-intravenous rehydration in men
    Holly Emmanuel
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 25:2092-9. 2011
    ..The IVO method does not appear to be superior to the traditional OR method of rehydration...
  29. ncbi Rehydration with glycerol: endocrine, cardiovascular, and thermoregulatory responses during exercise in the heat
    Stavros A Kavouras
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA
    J Appl Physiol 100:442-50. 2006
    ..These data indicated that glycerol had little or no major effect on fluid-regulating factors during rehydration or exercise, and the improved exercise capacity in G was likely due to a greater plasma volume during exercise...
  30. ncbi The effects of nutritional supplementation throughout an endurance run on leucine kinetics during recovery
    Sharon L Miller
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 17:456-67. 2007
    ..Additional studies are needed to determine whether protein supplementation during exercise can optimize protein utilization during recovery...
  31. ncbi Caffeine lowers muscle pain during exercise in hot but not cool environments
    Matthew S Ganio
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Physiol Behav 102:429-35. 2011
    ..Although exercise in the heat increases muscle pain compared to a cooler environment, caffeine reduces this pain...
  32. ncbi Caffeine use in sports: considerations for the athlete
    Bulent Sokmen
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 22:978-86. 2008
    ..Athletes and coaches also must consider how a person's body size, age, gender, previous use, level of tolerance, and the dose itself all influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on sports performance...
  33. ncbi Effects of dietary protein intake on indexes of hydration
    William F Martin
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-4017, USA
    J Am Diet Assoc 106:587-9. 2006
    ..Baseline plasma osmolality was greater for high protein vs low protein and vs moderate protein. The effect of increasing dietary protein on fluid status was minimal...
  34. ncbi Fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration during 11 days of controlled caffeine consumption
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 15:252-65. 2005
    ..Therefore, C0, C3, and C6 exhibited no evidence of hypohydration. These findings question the widely accepted notion that caffeine consumption acts chronically as a diuretic...
  35. ncbi Evidence-based approach to lingering hydration questions
    Matthew S Ganio
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, U 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Clin Sports Med 26:1-16. 2007
    ..This article offers a fresh perspective on timely topics related to hydration, fluid balance, and exercise in the heat...
  36. ncbi Cold water immersion: the gold standard for exertional heatstroke treatment
    Douglas J Casa
    Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Exerc Sport Sci Rev 35:141-9. 2007
    ..We refute the many criticisms of this treatment and provide scientific evidence supporting cold water immersion for exertional heatstroke...
  37. ncbi Pituitary-adrenal responses to arm versus leg exercise in untrained man
    Carl M Maresh
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, Unit 1110, Storrs, 06269 1110, USA
    Eur J Appl Physiol 97:471-7. 2006
    ..It appears that the smaller muscle mass associated with AE was sufficient to stimulate these PA axis hormones in a manner similar to LE, despite the higher metabolic stress (i.e., plasma La-) associated with LE...
  38. ncbi Acute whole-body cooling for exercise-induced hyperthermia: a systematic review
    Brendon P McDermott
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, Unit 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Athl Train 44:84-93. 2009
    ..To assess existing original research addressing the efficiency of whole-body cooling modalities in the treatment of exertional hyperthermia...
  39. ncbi Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes
    Douglas J Casa
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, U 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    Curr Sports Med Rep 4:309-17. 2005
    ..Exploration of these topics will enhance the medical care regarding EHS...
  40. ncbi Orthostatic hypotension after 10 days of exercise-heat acclimation and 28 hours of sleep loss
    Paula Y S Poh
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    Aviat Space Environ Med 83:403-11. 2012
    ..The purpose was: 1) to evaluate the effects of 10 d of heat acclimation (HA) and 28 h of SL on OH; and 2) to determine the best measurements to assess OH in clinical and field settings...
  41. ncbi Effect of quercetin supplementation on maximal oxygen uptake in men and women
    Matthew S Ganio
    Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    J Sports Sci 28:201-8. 2010
    ..780). Other physiological measures also were similar between conditions (P > 0.05). In conclusion, 5 days of quercetin supplementation did not influence VO(2max) or related variables in sedentary men and women...
  42. ncbi Elevated endogenous testosterone concentrations potentiate muscle androgen receptor responses to resistance exercise
    Barry A Spiering
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 114:195-9. 2009
    ..10) but remained stable during HT (+40%; p=0.17). Muscle AR content at +180 during the HT trial exceeded the corresponding CON value. In conclusion, acute elevations in circulating T potentiated muscle AR content following RE...
  43. ncbi Hydration and muscular performance: does fluid balance affect strength, power and high-intensity endurance?
    Daniel A Judelson
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    Sports Med 37:907-21. 2007
    ....
  44. ncbi Effect of caffeine on sport-specific endurance performance: a systematic review
    Matthew S Ganio
    Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 23:315-24. 2009
    ..kg body mass). Abstaining from caffeine at least 7 days before use will give the greatest chance of optimizing the ergogenic effect...
  45. ncbi Effects of elevated circulating hormones on resistance exercise-induced Akt signaling
    Barry A Spiering
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:1039-48. 2008
    ..We hypothesized that elevated circulating hormones would potentiate the signaling response...
  46. ncbi Current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of certified athletic trainers regarding recognition and treatment of exertional heat stroke
    Stephanie M Mazerolle
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Athl Train 45:170-80. 2010
    ..Previous research has indicated that despite awareness of the current literature on the recommended prevention and care of exertional heat stroke (EHS), certified athletic trainers (ATs) acknowledge failure to follow those recommendations...
  47. ncbi Effect of hydration state on strength, power, and resistance exercise performance
    Daniel A Judelson
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:1817-24. 2007
    ..The purposes of this study were to examine the isolated effect of hydration state on 1) strength, power, and the performance of acute resistance exercise, and 2) central activation ratio (CAR)...
  48. ncbi Eleven days of moderate exercise and heat exposure induces acclimation without significant HSP70 and apoptosis responses of lymphocytes in college-aged males
    Lindsay L Hom
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Cell Stress Chaperones 17:29-39. 2012
    ..We conclude that our protocol successfully induced physiological acclimation without induction of cellular heat shock responses in lymphocytes and that added mild sleep loss is not sufficient to induce a heat shock response...
  49. ncbi Cold-water dousing with ice massage to treat exertional heat stroke: a case series
    Brendon P McDermott
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    Aviat Space Environ Med 80:720-2. 2009
    ..We sought to determine the rate of cooling via a novel water ice therapy (WIT) as an alternative to cold-water immersion for the acute treatment of exertional heat stroke (EHS)...
  50. ncbi Recovery and return to activity following exertional heat stroke: considerations for the sports medicine staff
    Brendon P McDermott
    Department of Kinesiology at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    J Sport Rehabil 16:163-81. 2007
    ..To describe the current scientific evidence of recovery and return to activity following exertional heat stroke (EHS)...
  51. ncbi Resistance exercise biology: manipulation of resistance exercise programme variables determines the responses of cellular and molecular signalling pathways
    Barry A Spiering
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
    Sports Med 38:527-40. 2008
    ..e. exercise choice, load, volume, rest period lengths, and exercise order) alters the unique 'fingerprint' of the RE stimulus and subsequently modifies the downstream cellular and molecular responses...
  52. ncbi Validity of devices that assess body temperature during outdoor exercise in the heat
    Douglas J Casa
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Neag Schoolof Education, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, U 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Athl Train 42:333-42. 2007
    ..Few authors have assessed the validity of the thermometers that measure body temperature at these sites in athletic settings...
  53. ncbi Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on competitive sprint and power performance
    Greig Watson
    The University of Connecticut, Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 37:1168-74. 2005
    ..Metabolic, thermoregulatory, and cardiovascular variables were not significantly altered by DD. Furthermore, the theoretical benefit of dehydration on performance (i.e., BM reduction) was not supported in this subject cohort...
  54. ncbi Evidence-Based Medicine and the Recognition and Treatment of Exertional Heat Stroke, Part II: A Perspective From the Clinical Athletic Trainer
    Stephanie M Mazerolle
    Department of Kinesiology, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Road, U 1110, Storrs, CT 06269 1110, USA
    J Athl Train 46:533-42. 2011
    ..This apprehension might lead to deaths from EHS that could have been prevented...
  55. ncbi Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance
    Elaine C Lee
    Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
    J Int Soc Sports Nutr 7:27. 2010
    ..We investigated the ergogenic effects of betaine (B) supplementation on strength and power performance...
  56. ncbi Heat acclimation and physical training adaptations of young women using different contraceptive hormones
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Conneticut, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288:E868-75. 2005
    ....
  57. ncbi Effect of body cooling on subsequent aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance: a systematic review
    Gregory F Ranalli
    Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 24:3488-96. 2010
    ..In conclusion, body cooling seems to have a positive effect on aerobic performance, although the impact on anaerobic performance may vary and often does not provide the same positive effect...
  58. ncbi Aerobic exercise training decreases leucine oxidation at rest in healthy adults
    Patricia C Gaine
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269, USA
    J Nutr 135:1088-92. 2005
    ..This study emphasizes the importance of dietary control, with specific regard to energy and protein intakes, in the characterization of protein utilization in response to an exercise intervention...
  59. ncbi Metabolic response to provision of mixed protein-carbohydrate supplementation during endurance exercise
    Sharon L Miller
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 12:384-97. 2002
    ..Modest nutritional supplementation in this study altered the endocrine response as well as substrate availability and utilization following and during an endurance run, respectively...
  60. ncbi The effects of resistance training on road cycling performance among highly trained cyclists: a systematic review
    Linda M Yamamoto
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
    J Strength Cond Res 24:560-6. 2010
    ..Despite the limited research on CT for highly trained cyclists, it is likely that replacing a portion of a cyclist's ET with RT will result in improved time trial performance and maximal power...
  61. ncbi Survival strategy: acute treatment of exertional heat stroke
    Douglas J Casa
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    J Strength Cond Res 20:462. 2006
  62. ncbi The effects of exertional heatstroke and exercise-heat acclimation on plasma beta-endorphin concentrations
    William J Kraemer
    Human Performance Laboratory, Dept of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Aviat Space Environ Med 74:758-62. 2003
    ..It has been suggested that a proopiomelanocortin peptide beta-endorphin may play an important role in temperature regulation and therefore have specific heat stroke response patterns...
  63. ncbi Central nervous system control of heat acclimation adaptations: an emerging paradigm
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    The University of Connecticut, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Storrs, USA
    Rev Neurosci 13:271-85. 2002
    ..The resulting paradigm incorporates information storage, temperature-sensitive neurons in the brain, and neural plasticity...
  64. ncbi Caffeine, body fluid-electrolyte balance, and exercise performance
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Departments of Kinesiology, Nutritional Sciences, and Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 12:189-206. 2002
    ..S. diet. Sedentary members of the general public should be a less risk than athletes because their fluid losses via sweating are smaller...
  65. ncbi Effect of chronic caffeine intake on choice reaction time, mood, and visual vigilance
    Daniel A Judelson
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Rd, U 1110, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
    Physiol Behav 85:629-34. 2005
    ..kg(-1) day(-1) of caffeine, suggesting that chronic caffeine intake (1) has few perceptible effects on cognitive and psychomotor well-being and (2) may lead to a tolerance to some aspects of caffeine's acute effects...
  66. ncbi The unknown mechanism of the overtraining syndrome: clues from depression and psychoneuroimmunology
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-1110, USA
    Sports Med 32:185-209. 2002
    ..Novel recommendations are proposed for the treatment of overtrained athletes with antidepressant medications, and guidelines are provided for psychological counselling...
  67. ncbi Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition
    Susan M Shirreffs
    School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
    J Sports Sci 22:57-63. 2004
    ..Intravenous fluid replacement after exercise has been investigated to a lesser extent and its role for fluid replacement in the dehydrated but otherwise well athlete remains equivocal...
  68. ncbi Drinking behavior and perception of thirst in untrained women during 6 weeks of heat acclimation and outdoor training
    Jennifer K Ormerod
    Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Science at Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1493, USA
    Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 13:15-28. 2003
    ..4 to 5 +/- 0.4). These observations support a psycho-physiological response pattern different than that previously observed during 8-10 day acclimation protocols in men...
  69. ncbi American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exertional heat illness during training and competition
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:556-72. 2007
    ..Muscle cramping usually responds to rest and replacement of fluid and salt (sodium). Prevention strategies are essential to reducing the incidence of EHS, heat exhaustion, and exercise associated muscle cramping...
  70. ncbi A new proposed guidance system for beverage consumption in the United States
    Barry M Popkin
    Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 3997, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 83:529-42. 2006
    ..The Panel recommends that the consumption of beverages with no or few calories should take precedence over the consumption of beverages with more calories...
  71. ncbi Commentary on Viewpoint: Sweat electrolyte concentrations obtained from within occlusive coverings are falsely high because sweat itself leaches skin electrolytes
    Lawrence E Armstrong
    J Appl Physiol 105:1378; author reply 1379. 2008