Cynthia Magro

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..White CD30 expression is described in extracutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, a primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) equivalent is not well defined...

..In this review, we will discuss in some detail certain of these novel clinicopathologic types of melanoma, as well as the abnormal phenotypic expressions seen in vertical growth phase melanoma...

..The antiphospholipid profile revealed antiphospholipids in 7 of the 11 patients tested. This report highlights a possible causal role for parvovirus B19 in the pathogenesis of select pulmonary disorders...

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..A reduction in the expression of the pan T-cell markers CD7 and CD62L supports an endogenous T-cell dyscrasia. Previously, clone availability for CD62L restricted its application to frozen tissue sections...

..Although subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma (SCTCL) is considered an aggressive form of lymphoma, some patients manifest a long waxing and waning phase unaccompanied by constitutional symptoms...

..Primary cutaneous immunocytoma appears to arise from a pre-existing state of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. latrogenic and endogenous immune dysregulation including in the context of lymphotropic viral infections is implicated...

..Although LCM appears to improve the sensitivity for detecting preneoplastic conditions, the relative specificity appears to be the same as that encountered with routine SSCP...

..CONCLUSION: The Ventana kappa/lambda assay is a reliable, quick, and inexpensive way to determine B-cell clonality in cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates in paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed tissue...

..These studies provide direct evidence to suggest that levels of STAT1 and STAT2 within the tumor do not influence a patient's response to adjuvant IFN-alpha...

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..The findings suggest that humoral immunity to endothelial-based alloantigen is a common occurrence in lung grafts and may be a critical factor in chronic graft dysfunction...

..In conclusion, RT in situ PCR for TCRbeta, which can be done on formalin-fixed biopsies and allows direct correlation of the molecular data with the histology, is a useful adjunctive test in the differentiation of CTCL from its mimics...

..This report underscores the potential importance of microvascular injury in the evolution of IPF...

..Because identification of some of these melanoma subtypes has specific implications for the therapeutic approach and some may mimic other forms of epithelial or mesenchymal neoplasia, their recognition is key to patient management...

..As identification of some of these melanoma subtypes has specific implications for the therapeutic approach, and as some may mimic other forms of epithelial or mesenchymal neoplasia, their recognition is key to patient management...

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..These events have specific morphologic correlates that will be briefly addressed. Where relevant, we will address certain of the modern pharmacogenetic strategies that flow from these novel observations concerning melanoma biology...

..Although previous reports have reported an indolent clinical course, an aggressive clinical course may occur. HHV8 and lytic phase EBV antigens are detected in some cases, possibly suggesting a pathogenetic role...

..Alveolar wall deposition was seen with anti-glomerular basement membrane disease...

..C3d by IH manifests higher sensitivity but similar specificity compared to C3d by IIF...

..It is concluded that rotaviral infection can lead to fatal pneumonitis and that the mechanism of this complication is centered on a diffuse septal endothelialitis with concomitant tissue damage...

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..Whether or not expression of this marker is associated with a more aggressive clinical course remains to be determined...

..We encountered four patients with an endobronchial presentation of histoplasmosis masquerading as a bronchogenic malignancy...

..Recent advances in diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies have helped in the management of patients with calciphylaxis...

..In contrast immunosuppressive therapy may lead to a persistent and/or worsening disease course...

..These 2 patients serve to underscore the potential categorization of some cases of pulmonary nodular amyloidosis as a form of low grade B cell lymphoproliferative disease...

..Histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with a diagnosis of isolated pagetoid reticulosis. This review discusses the nature of pagetoid reticulosis and addresses past and current concepts regarding the condition...

..The laboratory and histologic distinctions between cryofibrinogenemia and cryoglobulinemia are addressed. We provide guidelines for the proper handling of patient specimens in the workup of cryofibrinogenemia...

..In this review, we describe in detail the different clinicopathologic forms of PG, summarize the diseases associated with this process in the literature and in our experience, and briefly review the treatment options...

..Formalin fixation, which is optimal for in situ hybridization, guarantees the inactivation of the smallpox virus...

..To determine whether, in the era of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy, head and neck melanoma (HNM) has a poorer outcome than melanomas at other sites (OMS)...

..This highlights the value of HPV testing in such cases, especially if the histologic changes are consistent with verruca vulgaris...

..The restoration of oxidant balance and inhibition of leukotrienes represent other strategies. Additionally, the role of the coagulation/fibrinolytic systems and angiogenesis has also been examined...

..Positive CD23 expression amidst neoplastic cells in primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is not a reported phenomenon...

..CONCLUSIONS: PDT may define an alternative induction strategy for patients requiring pneumonectomy; further studies exploring the true efficacy of PDT as an induction modality are encouraged...

..The purpose of this review is to bring to the attention of anatomic pathologists the essential characteristics of the pathology report for primary cutaneous melanoma in the modern era...

..The inhibitory effects on T-lymphocyte function and more specifically T-suppressor function may lead to excessive antigen-driven B-cell proliferation...

..While a chromosome 14 inversion is highly characteristic, additional inherent cytogenetic differences, such as trisomy 8 with CMYC over-amplification, may account for some case to case variation in clinical course...

..The vast majority of these lesions represent monomorphic B-cell lymphoproliferative disease. Rarely, however, T-cell malignancies may emerge, the commonest being anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL)...

..To analyze a series of biopsies from 16 patients who, on the basis of clinical and dermatopathologic findings, had a spectrum of connective tissue diseases (CTD), autoinflammatory or CTD-like syndromes for parvoviral DNA, RNA, and protein...

..HR can occur in the absence of antibodies with HLA specificity; antigenic targets may be of endothelial cell origin...

..We propose the term "drug-induced reversible lymphoid dyscrasia" to describe this entity...

..The indirect immunofluorescent rodent lung assay and Western blot data support a potential role of anti-endothelial cell antibodies in the propagation of scleroderma-associated pulmonary disease...

..Treatment strategies include anti-viral therapy, including in the context of intravenous gamma-globulin and anti-TNF therapy...

..CONCLUSION: This case suggests a possible role of both viruses in the pathogenesis of PBL in sites other than the oral cavity and expands the spectrum of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease to include PBL...

..This review outlines recent developments in the biology and molecular genetics of these disorders, current diagnostic challenges, and future avenues for therapy...

..The use of photodynamic laser therapy or stent placement for palliative treatment of life-threatening airway obstruction may be required prior to or as an initial adjunct to tumor-specific therapy...

..Photodynamic therapy relieved the obstruction before induction of tumor-specific therapy. This case demonstrates the successful use of photodynamic therapy in obstructive endobronchial Hodgkin lymphoma...

..CD30 expression can occur in other forms of CD8 lymphoproliferative disease unrelated to primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma or LyP...

..Humoral immunity may play a role in the pathogenesis of BOS; the antigenic targets include the bronchial wall microvasculature, bronchial epithelium, and chondrocytes...

..The high prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in these patients may lead to an inherent thrombophilic tendency...

..C4d deposition within the bronchial wall is a feature of BOS and hence may be used as a marker of chronic graft dysfunction. The antigenic target resulting in C4d deposition may not be histocompatibility related...

..Review of his native lung and allograft tissue showed diffuse hemorrhage secondary to capillary injury, probably reflecting anti-phospholipid antibody effects on endothelia...

..Immunofluorescence demonstrates homogeneous mantles of immunoglobulin in the microvasculature. The staining intensity is variable and in some cases can closely approximate those immunofluorescent changes seen in photoaged skin...

..We report a case of a 40-year-old man with severe A1AT deficiency, who developed HSP associated with AECA, ANCA and anti-phospholipid antibodies of the immunoglobulin-A isotype...

..The primary organs affected by DM are the skin and muscle. A significant albeit rare complication is pulmonary fibrosis, which our recent study postulated to be attributable to an autoimmune endothelialitis...

..Parvovirus B19 is a ubiquitous virus that in the majority of affected patients remains asymptomatic. Nevertheless, because of its ability to infect endothelium it can cause severe multiorgan endothelial cell injury...

..CONCLUSIONS: Granulomatous inflammation, including NL, may be a cutaneous paraneoplastic expression of low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disease in the context of an underlying plasma cell dyscrasia...

..The loss of CD20 expression appears to be a direct effect of the drug on CD20 messenger RNA synthesis...

..CONCLUSIONS: De novo intraepidermal epithelioid melanocytic dysplasia is a distinct entity associated with an atypical mole phenotype and a personal and/or family history of melanoma...

..The criteria that define the BMT are not well defined nor is the concept widely recognized...

..The purpose of this review is to discuss in detail the malignant neoplasms of the cutaneous adnexae and their benign and prognostically indeterminate mimics...

..Using the resulting cell lines and STAT1-deficient mice, we tested whether IFN-alpha could exert an antitumor effect on melanoma cells in the absence of STAT1-mediated signal transduction...

..In conclusion, there exists a distinct subset of Spitz tumors that we designate as the superficial atypical Spitz tumor in which there is inherent dysplasia including lesions that evolve into melanoma of superficial spreading type...

..The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers in scleroderma cases temporally associated with CMV infection requires further evaluation...

..In the case of lymphocytic interface dermatitis, the latter is often termed a lichenoid interface dermatitis. This review focuses upon the mononuclear cell-predominant forms of interface dermatitis...

..CONCLUSIONS: PDT ameliorates symptoms of metastatic airway obstruction, is easy to apply, has low morbidity and improves the quality of life...

..Hematologic malignancies expressing CD4 and CD56 are most commonly associated with the recently described CD4(+) CD56(+) hematodermic neoplasm...

..Rather than representing an aberrant phenotype, this tumor may represent the malignant counterpart of a benign population of weakly CD20+ T cells of the CD8 subset...

..CONCLUSIONS: The cost of performing SLNB in this population is great and only a small number will have disease identified that will alter treatment. These data call into question the appropriateness of SLNB for thin melanomas...

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..Thus, STAT1-mediated gene regulation within immune effectors was necessary for mediating the antitumor effects of IFN-alpha in this experimental system...

..In one case, the infiltrates were incidental on a re-excision specimen. The second report suggests 16% of B-CLL patients have cutaneous manifestations as the first sign of disease...

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..Our study corroborates other reports that death attributable to atypical thymoma is uncommon...

..e. PLC, PPD and atypical lymphocytic lobular panniculitis) could manifest restricted molecular profiles in the context of an oligoclonal process or frank monoclonality...

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..Given the small sample size and heterogeneity of the patient population, the effects of IL-12 on the innate immune response to trastuzumab therapy should be further explored in the context of a larger clinical trial...

..Tropism of the virus to B lymphocytes provides a mechanism for the development of low-grade clonal B cell lymphoproliferative disease in this setting...

..The second may be because of the effects of the drug on the promotion of an interferon-rich T-helper-1-dominant cytokine milieu...

..Further reports are needed to identify these lesions to clarify their nature and biologic potential...

..These findings allow for mechanism-based predictions of the biologic outcome of CD20 mAb therapy and treatment optimization...

..The congenital nevus is briefly reviewed and emphasis is placed upon clues to malignant degeneration. The concept of lentigo maligna as a precursor as distinct from an in situ phase is detailed...

..The bacterial endocarditis was treated with antibiotics and mitral valve replacement, followed by a spontaneous resolution of the associated signs and symptoms of HSP...

..Thus, circulating ICs are a potential pathogenic basis of this eruption, the histologic differential diagnosis of which is idiopathic PP and PP of drug or viral etiology...

..The limited propensity for progression to MF may reflect internal countercheck mechanisms of controlling clonally restricted CD4+ T-cell proliferations via CD8 and CD4/CD25+ regulatory T cells...