Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser

..These relationships provide a window on mechanisms linking marriage and health for men and women across the life span...

..Despite some notable methodological challenges, the evidence suggests that learning more about how close relationships influence inflammation will provide important new insights into the ways that relationships impact health...

..These studies and others suggest that psychological or behavioural factors may influence the incidence or progression of cancer through psychosocial influences on immune function and other physiological pathways...

..Odors did not reliably alter IL-6 and IL-10 production, salivary cortisol, heart rate or blood pressure, skin barrier repair following tape stripping, or pain ratings following the cold pressor...

..Greater anxiety was associated with more IL-6 production by Con A-stimulated leukocytes following the stressor compared to the control visit. The data suggest that stress and anxiety can enhance and prolong AR symptoms...

..In addition, depression and stress are associated with enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines that influence a spectrum of conditions associated with aging...

..Dietary intakes of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs also influence inflammation; high n-6:n-3 ratios enhance proinflammatory cytokine production, although n-3 has anti-inflammatory properties...

..Couples whose marriages were troubled at follow-up produced 34% more norepinephrine during conflict, 24% more norepinephrine during the daytime, and 17% more during nighttime hours at Time 1 than the untroubled...

..This article speculates on future directions for psychoneuroimmunology research, after reviewing the history of the field...

..Resources such as close personal relationships that diminish negative emotions enhance health in part through their positive impact on immune and endocrine regulation...

..These data provide encouraging evidence that interventions may reduce the immunological dysregulation associated with acute stressors...

..Contemporary models of gender that emphasize self-processes, traits, and roles furnish alternative perspectives on the differential costs and benefits of marriage for men's and women's health...

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..ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00519779...

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..Previous research on the physical health consequences of childhood abuse and other adversities has been based on data from young or middle-aged adults...

..Stressors before each of the three conditions provided data on the extent to which yoga speeded an individual's physiological recovery...

..The chronic stress-induced immune dysregulation observed among older caregivers appears to be of sufficient magnitude to impact health. Furthermore, evidence suggests that chronic stress leads to premature aging of the immune system...

..Our results also shed light on inflammation as a mechanism underlying the effects of hostility on cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality...

..These data provide evidence of a key mechanism through which chronic stressors may accelerate risk of a host of age-related diseases by prematurely aging the immune response...

..Prior work has suggested that fatigue may be related to inflammation and its associated sickness behaviors; accordingly, our findings may be tapping into this same physiological substrate...

..In this prospective community study, we assessed the relationship between depressive symptoms and changes in inflammatory response after an influenza virus vaccination...

..These data confirm and extend prior evidence implicating oxytocin and vasopressin in couples' positive and negative communication behaviors, and also provide further evidence of their role in an important health outcome, wound healing...

..This enhanced cortisol secretion was in turn related to longer time to heal. These findings suggest that the ability to regulate the expression of one's anger has a clinically relevant impact on wound healing...

..The interaction of several circadian clock genes generates these daily circadian rhythms...

..A better understanding of how stressors, negative emotions, and unhealthy meals work together to enhance inflammation will benefit behavioral and nutritional research, as well as the broader biomedical community...

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..The increased morbidity and mortality associated with depression is substantial. In this paper, we review evidence suggesting that depression contributes to disease and death through immune dysregulation...

..PNI researchers have used animal and human models to learn how the immune system communicates bidirectionally with the central nervous and endocrine systems and how these interactions impact on health...

..Finally, we discuss future implications of current research for understanding the relationships among marital functioning, physiology, and health...

..Moreover, specific physiological mechanisms are associated with certain types of interventions. In future research, an increased focus on mechanisms will help to more clearly elucidate pathways linking stress and healing processes...

..Translational work is needed to develop innovative treatments able to attenuate stress-induced delays in wound healing...

..An understanding of the interactive effects of stress and age is critical to efforts to determine underlying mechanisms, clarify the directionality of effects, and develop effective interventions in early and late life...

..Furthermore, lower HRV and elevated norepinephrine have been associated with a number of adverse health outcomes; accordingly, fatigue may also signal the need for increased vigilance to other health threats...

..This study evaluated the effect of a 3-month exercise program on wound healing, neuroendocrine function, and perceived stress among healthy older adults...

..In sum, these results suggest that attachment avoidance modulates marital behavior and stress-induced immune dysregulation...

..This study assessed the joint impact of SES and social support on the expression of a latent herpesvirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in a group of highly stressed women...

..These findings extend the association between depression and immune function to community-dwelling older adults with chronic, mild depressive symptoms...

..The data suggest that activation of the HPA and SAM axes, even in individuals within the normal range of depressive symptoms, could mediate MMP levels and wound healing in blister wounds...

..To identify how child maltreatment is associated with quality of life (QOL) among breast cancer survivors...

..Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumors are the most common skin cancer and are highly immunogenic...

..Results support longitudinal study of psychosocial context effects on tonic immune function and posttask scores...

..Together, these studies raise the possibility that differences in the kinetics of glucocorticoid concentrations may contribute to differences in the reactivation of latent EBV...

..Human and animal laboratory studies have shown that stress delays healing of standardized punch biopsy wounds...

..Findings suggest that perceived communication patterns contribute to neuroendocrine responses to marital conflict, and implications for marriage and health research with older couples are discussed...

..65); consistency for other variables was moderate to low (rs approximately equal to .1-.4). Means of most variables changed from year to year. Results support the use of baseline, stressor, and posttask values in longitudinal studies...

..These findings demonstrate that chronic stress is associated with altered T cell function and accelerated immune cell aging as suggested by excessive telomere loss...

..Accordingly, a psychoneuroimmunology focus for these mechanistic studies will provide a way to clarify mechanisms while assessing clinical efficacy. ..

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..The proposed study will expand our knowledge of how genetic polymorphisms interact with environmental stressors to enhance risk for adverse mental and physical health changes. ..

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