J H Arnsten

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..Active drug use is often associated with poor adherence, but few studies have determined psychosocial correlates of adherence in injection drug users (IDUs)...

..Most studies of bone mineral density (BMD) and HIV infection have focused on men or have lacked a comparison group of individuals without HIV infection with similar behavioral risk factors...

..However, electronic monitoring is more sensitive than self-report for the detection of nonadherence and should be used in adherence intervention studies...

..Osteopenia has been described in HIV-infected persons, but most studies have not focused on aging men, have not included an HIV-negative comparison group with similar risks to those of the HIV-infected men, or lacked data on fracture rates...

..To examine smoking behavior in homeless persons, including the impact of self-reported tobacco-related health problems and drug and alcohol abuse on readiness to quit and interest in smoking cessation counseling...

..Interventions to improve adherence should focus on reducing cocaine use, developing adaptive coping skills, and identifying and treating depression...

..Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been associated with dyslipidaemia; however, the roles of immune status and non-HIV-disease risk factors remain unclear...

..9, 95% CI 2.2 to 21.9) or HIV (RR 5.6, 95% CI 1.7 to 18.5). Successfully promoting appropriate utilization of onsite primary care may require a better understanding of MMTP patients' perceptions of primary care...

..CONCLUSIONS: Antiretroviral adherence is not stable over time. Interventions aimed at monitoring and improving long-term adherence in women are urgently needed...

..Further study of menopause symptoms and HIV-related factors is warranted. Mental health interventions may also have a role in ameliorating menopause symptoms...

..This study demonstrates that selected patients from a socioeconomically disadvantaged population remained clinically stable and engaged in treatment in a far less intensive setting than traditional methadone maintenance...

..To determine whether reproductive hormone levels are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and drug use...

..8, CI = 1.8-53.1) were more likely to remain in treatment, but other variables were not associated with retention. Our experience demonstrates that buprenorphine can be successfully integrated into outpatient substance abuse treatment...

..However, more research is needed to guide the development of effective treatment strategies...

..To determine factors associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, and abnormal glucose tolerance in older men with or at risk of HIV infection...

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..Providers treating both chronic pain and addiction routinely make diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, but decision-making strategies in this context have not been well described...

..CAM use among persons with or at risk for HIV infection due to drug use or high-risk heterosexual behaviors is common, and is used almost exclusively as an adjunct and not an alternative to conventional health care...

..However, pegIFN has been associated with adverse effects (AEs) that may simulate opioid withdrawal and be confused with insufficient methadone dosage...

..A significant minority of physicians were either providing HCV antiviral treatment or willing to provide HCV antiviral treatment...

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..These results suggest that older men with or at risk for HIV infection are sexually active, participate in risky sexual behavior, and need safer sex interventions...

..We sought to determine whether patients with specific diagnoses or discharge needs account for the association between hospitalist care and reduced LOS...

..IPV assessment and treatment among HIV-positive men in HIV care is recommended as a way to prevent IPV perpetration and victimization and to reduce potential HIV transmission...

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..Although residents commonly manage substance abuse disorders, optimal approaches to teaching these specialized interviewing and intervention skills are unknown...

..To define the prevalence of and factors associated with having a negative purified protein derivative (PPD) among persons who self-report a prior positive PPD and to define the safety of repeat testing in such persons...

..To identify gender differences in social and behavioral factors associated with antiretroviral adherence...

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..However, it is unknown how adherence to warfarin, patient demographics, patient knowledge about therapy, and perceived impact of warfarin therapy on quality of life are associated with anticoagulation control...

..HIV providers should recognize the potential impact of pain on antiretroviral adherence among current and former drug users...

..However, most studies of glucose metabolism in HIV-infected patients have focused on men or have lacked appropriate control groups...

..To study the relationship of HIV infection and drug use with the onset of natural menopause...

..Further refinement and expansion of strategies to improve outcomes of HIV-infected drug users is warranted...

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..Together, these factors contribute to the higher morbidity and mortality associated with PE in the elderly than in younger patients. This article reviews the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of PE as it applies to the elderly...

..Both diabetes mellitus and alcohol consumption are prevalent in the United States, yet physicians are poorly informed about how alcohol use affects risk for or management of diabetes...

..Working with HIV-positive IDUs to increase or reinforce feelings of responsibility may reduce the sexual transmission of HIV...

..Our findings suggest that drug treatment programs can serve an important role in reducing injection-related risk behavior by facilitating access to sterile syringes...

..To examine the relationship of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and attribution of menopausal symptoms...

..The extent of NRT use in the hospital setting is unknown. We describe the prevalence and patterns of NRT use in hospitalized smokers...

..To evaluate the effects of methadone on QT-interval dispersion...

..Primary care physicians care for reproductive-aged women, yet do not routinely counsel women about or prescribe contraceptives, including emergency contraception (EC)...

..Our pilot study shows that a brief, didactic and experiential course can improve physician knowledge and attitudes about AA, and holds promise for improving physician interface with this commonly used intervention...

..Multifaceted interventions that address personal, dyadic, and addiction problems are needed for HIV-positive injection drug-using women...

..To evaluate factors associated with use of HIV specialist care by women, and to determine whether medical indications for therapy validate lower rates of antiretroviral use in women not using HIV specialty care...

..The findings suggest that adherence interventions for IDUs should promote existing informal HIV caregiving, living with supportive others, and positive medication-taking norms among social networks...

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..Our research supports the feasibility and general acceptability of A-CASI with HIV-positive IDUs, and it suggests further research exploring the associations between A-CASI attitudes and characteristics of disadvantaged populations...

..We sought to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to reduce sexual and injection transmission risk behaviors and to increase utilization of medical care and adherence to HIV medications among this population...

..001) at 6 months, by 10.7 +/- 30 ms (p <0.001) at 12 months, and the QTc change from baseline to 12 months correlated with the trough (r = 0.37, p = 0.008) and peak (r = 0.32, p = 0.03) serum methadone concentrations...

..To identify modifiable factors associated with health care utilization by HIV-negative seropositive injection drug users (IDUs)...