A A Rabinstein

..Identifying patients at lower risk for DCI could have a positive financial impact by allowing earlier transfer from the intensive care unit...

..Angiography demonstrates segmental vasoconstriction that often resolves spontaneously. PPA is generally regarded as benign. We aimed to define clinical presentations, radiological findings, and outcomes of patients with PPA...

..We evaluated if transportation by helicopter can reduce complications and improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute stroke...

..The design is a single-blinded block randomised controlled trial. A single large academic medical centre is the setting...

..Therefore, it is important to assess the outcome of resumption or discontinuation of warfarin therapy after WAICH...

..Management of intracranial pressure in patients with acute liver failure should be guided by well-defined treatment protocols...

..This article expands on these principles and summarizes current knowledge on the definition, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of SE...

..To analyze the likelihood of recovery and prognostic factors in patients with massive anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage treated with surgical evacuation after reversal of anticoagulation...

..On multivariate analysis, older age independently predicted poor recovery (odds ratio 2.9 per 10-year increase in age)...

..Careful assessment of intravascular volume status before initiation of therapy and strict monitoring of the serum [Na] during treatment are necessary to avoid complications...

..The effectiveness of these treatments is supported by strong experimental data and they represent a new generation of therapeutic options developed from the understanding that vasospasm is primarily caused by endothelial dysfunction...

..To raise awareness of the potentially adverse consequences of postpartum cerebral vasoconstriction, which is typically considered benign and self-limiting, by describing 4 fulminantly fatal cases...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of seizures or epileptiform abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG) studies in patients undergoing surgical treatment for acute subdural hematoma (SDH)...

..To assess the incidence and associations of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) among febrile patients in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU)...

..Brain swelling is an unusual complication of superior vena cava syndrome. It is unknown if the condition is reversible...

..To investigate the long-term outcome of patients with spinal cord infarct (SCI) and identify prognostic predictors...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, causes and predictors of fever in patients with acute neurological/neurosurgical disease and no documented infection...

..Available data, although limited, support early treatment with corticosteroids to limit hyponatremia, with fludrocortisone causing fewer side effects...

..To describe a case of propylthiouracil-induced lupus, complicated with antiphospholipid syndrome and acute ischemic stroke...

..To characterize clinical and radiologic features of patients with central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and identify variables that predict outcome...

..To better understand the recent trends in the use of and outcomes related to coiling compared with clipping for unruptured aneurysms in the United States, we evaluated the NIS...

..In this article, the authors review the indications, techniques, and results of acute carotid interventions for acute stroke...

..Complete resolution of SE was achieved after combined treatment of PRES and SE in all cases. SE in the setting of PRES carries a favorable prognosis but requires timely recognition and treatment of the course of PRES...

..Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) associated with warfarin sodium therapy is becoming more common as the use of this medication increases in the aging population...

..Acute multiple brain infarction pattern on diffusion-weighted imaging is associated with arterial or cardiac sources of embolism...

..However, all comatose patients who lost upper brainstem reflexes and had extensor posturing died despite surgery...

..The determinants of ischemic complications in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are not well defined. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of microemboli in SAH-related cerebral ischemia...

..However, the yield and prognostic value of acute brain neuroimaging in patients with TTP has not been studied. Our aim was to evaluate brain imaging findings in consecutive patients with TTP and assess their impact on prognosis...

..This poses a difficult dilemma in patients with intracranial aneurysms and hemorrhage, although endovascular treatment of infectious aneurysms might be an advantage in therapy in these patients...

..Cerebral infarction location cannot be predicted in one quarter to one third of patients by any of the studied clinical or radiological variables...

..Hypertension was the only cardiovascular risk factor significantly associated with small vessel infarction when compared with non-small vessel infarcts...

..Early intraarterial thrombolysis may be effective in the treatment of patients with carotid T occlusion and should be considered for appropriate candidates...

..To evaluate the types and mechanisms of stroke in a large population of HIV-infected patients...

..It has been associated with hypertensive crises and with immunosuppressive medications but not with neuromyelitis optica (NMO)...

..To determine the risk factors and incidence of cerebral infarction associated with POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome...

..It is also able to clearly illustrate calcification, which is more difficult to define on magnetic resonance angiography and is not clearly depicted on DSA...

..We evaluated a large administrative database to determine the effect of age on outcomes in patients treated for unruptured cerebral aneurysm...

..The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the rate of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death in patients undergoing early and late carotid endarterectomy (CEA) after a symptomatic event and in asymptomatic patients...

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..Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death after TIA. Reliable estimates of the risk of MI after TIA, however, are lacking...

..One major conclusion was that apnea testing was safe in hemodynamically compromised patients in most circumstances and rarely aborted. Determinants of apnea test completion failure are unknown...

..We examine here the feasibility and safety of reducing BP to lower than presently recommended levels in patients with acute ICH...

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..In the last 5 years, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) has been reported in three single case reports as a complication of hemodynamic augmentation. We describe an additional three patients seen in our institution...

..Various etiologies as to the cause of vasospasm after brain tumor resection have been described. A review of the current literature and pathophysiology is discussed...

..The ability to predict cerebral vasospasm after SAH would allow the neuro-intensivist to institute preemptive and more aggressive therapy...

..To identify and define clinical associations and radiologic findings of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)...

..To report the clinical and radiologic findings in a case of transient minimally conscious state after rupture and coiling of a giant basilar aneurysm...

..Changes in the extent of subarachnoid blood seen on CT images occur as a function of time after SAH, but there is no consensus on the time interval during which this study needs to be completed...

..In this study, the authors' goal was to minimize false-negative results in the detection of ruptured cerebral aneurysms...

..Currently, it is unclear whether carotid angioplasty and stenting is as safe as CEA in patients with carotid artery stenosis who need invasive treatment. Large clinical trials are under way to answer this question...

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..Little is known of hospital practice in brain death determination, specialty involvement, and followed procedures, including the apnea test...

..To demonstrate a rare but potential mechanism of quadriplegia in a patient with fulminant pneumococcal meningitis complicated by severe intracranial hypertension...

..There has not been a critical review of the data used to make decisions of withdrawal of care in patients with severe strokes...

..We undertook this study to determine differences in stroke severity and early neurologic course in patients at risk for sleep apnea as determined by a sleep questionnaire...

..Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in overall outcome at the longest follow-up examination between the two treatment groups...

..Bilateral ICAO should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with rapidly cognitive decline. Although ICAO commonly spares the splenium, complete callosal infarction is possible in the presence of bilateral ICAO...

..Elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP) directly improves cerebral perfusion. Phenylephrine is a selective alpha-1 agonist with peripheral vasoconstrictive effect, raising the blood pressure without constricting brain vessels...

..Our goal was to determine if IVH is also an independent prognosticator of fatal outcome in patients with anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)...

..CONCLUSION: Advanced age and poor clinical status at the time of SAH onset are predictive of poor clinical outcome despite endovascular treatment with angioplasty or intra-arterial papaverine in patients with symptomatic vasospasm...

..We describe a patient with initial right middle cerebral artery syndrome who developed coma and quadriplegia 1 h after thrombolysis with intravenous tPA and was found to have bilateral cervical internal carotid artery occlusion...

..Thus, recognition of this radiological feature is important to avoid unnecessary testing and treatment delay...

..Treatment with intravenous thrombolysis within 3 h of symptom onset has become the standard of care in acute ischemic stroke, but the safety and efficacy of this intervention in patients with infective endocarditis is unknown...

..These 2 patterns may represent different pathophysiological mechanisms or different degrees of severity of the same vascular process...

..Postoperative angiography to identify aneurysm remnants that may be amenable to endovascular treatment should be considered in all patients...

..The DWI characteristics of patients with stroke due to vertebrobasilar arterial dissection and atherosclerotic disease have not been reported in detail...

..The first episode of hemorrhage in patients with brainstem cavernous malformations is usually benign. Pontine hemorrhage associated with prior hypertension is much more devastating...

..Hip operation (total hip arthroplasty [THA] or fracture repair) is the most common noncardiac surgical procedure performed in patients age 65 years and older...

..Subarachnoid hemorrhages caused by intracranial dissections are rare. The management of dissections in these cases not clear...

..To determine the causes of in-hospital delays for thrombolysis...

..The differential diagnosis and a discussion of the case are presented on pages 136-138...

..Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a potentially devastating complication of bevacizumab treatment...

..The purpose of the current study was to correlate outcome data with practice patterns, specifically the proportion of unruptured aneurysms treated with neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling...

..Neurological complications are common after lung transplantation, affecting 92% of recipients within 10 years. Severe neurologic complications are also common, affecting 53% of recipients within 10 years...

..It is critical that therapeutic alternatives for patients with ICH continue to be explored...

..Cerebral edema is a potentially devastating complication of various acute neurologic disorders. Its successful treatment may save lives and preserve neurologic function...

..The aim of our study was to independently validate these scores using a population-based cohort...

..To evaluate associations between reversal of anticoagulation and mortality/morbidity in these patients...

..However, rarely these patients can also have leukemic involvement of the subdural space...

..01; negative predictive value 100%). The combination of lacunar syndrome with small subcortical radiological infarct predicts the absence of cardioaortic sources of embolism on TEE in patients with acute cerebral ischemia...

..We sought to determine which pre-WLSM clinical factors were associated with earlier time to death in patients with catastrophic neurologic disease...

..Some have suggested that hypothermia may alter the examination. We aimed to examine timing of awakening in cardiac arrest survivors treated with hypothermia...

..Aggressive care is justified in patients who do not continue to deteriorate neurologically. Pulmonary complications are frequent but treatable. Early tracheostomy can shorten ICU and hospital stays and reduce costs...

..The clinical syndrome of RPLS typically involves headache, encephalopathy, visual symptoms, and seizures...

..The goals of this study were to assess the risk of extubation failure in patients with MC and to determine which clinical variables may predict unsuccessful extubation...

..The ideal timing for extubation of patients with myasthenic crisis (MC) and the factors that influence extubation outcome are not well established...

..Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation plays an important role in the management of respiratory failure in patients with neuromuscular respiratory failure, and its indications may be expanded in the future...

..In light of increasing public interest and use of alternative therapies, this review may be helpful in promoting more discussion between patients and physicians about the use of acupuncture...

..The purpose of this study was to review the pathophysiologic relationship between primary systemic amyloidosis and ischemic stroke, and to determine how often stroke is the first defining manifestation...

..Large-scale epidemiological studies should be carried out to define the true incidence of stroke in HIV-infected patients and the factors associated with its occurrence...

..Myasthenic crisis (MC) is often associated with prolonged intubation and with respiratory complications...