Michael J Yaremchuk

..Screw application of the implants to the skeleton allows precise predictable contouring, thus limiting the need for revisional surgical procedures...

..Iatrogenic problems may occur after malar implant surgery. These include asymmetry, displeasing contours (too wide, too large, too low, or too prominent) with time, and symptoms related to infraorbital nerve damage...

..It has been effective in correcting palpebral fissure distortion after lower blepharoplasty in 15 patients during a 6-year period...

..There have been no infections. Two patients who had had multiple previous chin operations requested revisional surgery to refine contour...

..Although sometimes it is an adjunct or an alternative to facial skeletal rearrangements, facial skeleton augmentation is not a substitute for orthognathic surgery...

..This surgery has been effective treatment for 13 morphologically prone patients operated on over a 4-year period...

..Faces whose midface skeletons are flat or concave do not manifest these youthful attributes, tend to age prematurely, and are prone to lower lid malposition after blepharoplasty...

..PEGDM copolymer hydrogels can support in vivo chondrogenesis by photoencapsulating auricular chondrocytes...

..Preoperative planning, including generation of donor/recipient dental cast models, as described herein for the first time, is essential...

..In this study, the authors demonstrate how the facial skeleton changes with age in both male and female subjects and what impact these structural changes may have on overall facial aesthetics...

..The biochemical composition and, more importantly, the biomechanical properties of the native tissue still represent the ideal replacement tissue...

..The goal of this study was to engineer a biosynthetic hybrid construct using a combination of PVA-alginate hydrogels and human nasal septum chondrocytes...

..Subsequent contraction of the masseter elevates the disinserted edge of the muscle and not only increases the skeletonized area, but also exaggerates the deficiency by causing a soft tissue bulge above it...

..Wire suture fixation over the bridge of bone created by the two drill holes provides maximum stability to counter soft tissue deforming forces. Fine adjustments can be made to the canthal position by twisting or untwisting the wire ends...

..Furthermore, the biomechanical properties of the engineered cartilage made with auricular or costal chondrocytes were superior to those of cartilage made with articular chondrocytes, in this model...

..05) than those of controls. We conclude that articular, auricular, and costal chondrocytes have a similar ability to produce new cartilaginous matrix in vivo that forms mechanically functional bonds with native cartilage...

..CONCLUSION: It is possible to engineer flexible cartilage using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene as a pseudoperichondrium...

..Furthermore, physicians operating on any patient must understand the potential for complications and be able to manage these appropriately when they occur...

..The purpose of this study was to use orthognathic principles and practice to improve occlusal and facial skeletal outcomes in osteocutaneous maxillofacial allotransplantation...

..This technique might facilitate earlier cranioplasty, could be applied to a wide range of patients, and may afford better neurological outcomes at a reduced cost...

..Alginate is a suitable agent for chondrodifferentiation of MSCs and can be dissolved by chelation, but the agents involved in hydrogel polymerization and cell recovery should be altered to improve MSC survival...

..This study also confirms that lamination is a reliable method to confer elastic-like flexibility to an engineered cartilage construct...

..Confocal microscopy provides valuable information on the integration of tissue-engineered cartilage with native tissue and could be useful for nondestructive imaging in vivo...

..This study suggests that middle-aged and elderly patients could benefit from cartilage tissue-engineering repair using their own "aged" articular cartilage as a source of reparative chondrocytes...

..Prior studies examining this issue have not provided definitive recommendations regarding implant selection, ideal locations in which to use specific implants, and necessary follow-up...

..Continuing work in these models with fibrin and other polymerizable hydrogels could result in a suitable cell-based therapy for articular cartilage lesions...

..quot; The resultant midface concavity makes the eyes and nose appear less prominent. This procedure has been a safe and effective treatment for 14 patients treated over a 4-year period...