Alexander Stark

..We also report sense/antisense miRNAs in mouse and find antisense transcripts close to many miRNAs in both flies and mammals, suggesting that additional sense/antisense pairs exist...

..For mir-10 in particular, both arms show abundant processing, and both show highly conserved target sites in Hox genes, suggesting a possible cooperation of the two arms, and their role as a master Hox regulator...

..We also study how discovery power scales with the divergence and number of species compared, and we provide general guidelines for comparative studies...

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..We propose that Pol II stalling facilitates rapid temporal and spatial changes in gene activity during development...

..The resulting regulatory network suggests significant redundancy between pre- and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression...

..However, for most targets expression was lower in miRNA-expressing cells than in the rest of the embryo, indicating that miRNAs usually operate in concert with the other regulatory machinery of the cell...

..Thus, the ChIP-chip data uncover a much larger than expected regulatory network, which integrates diverse patterning processes during development...

..Overlap with disease-associated variants indicates that our findings will be relevant for studies of human biology, health and disease...

..bantam microRNA simultaneously stimulates cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis. We identify the pro-apoptotic gene hid as a target for regulation by bantam miRNA, providing an explanation for bantam's anti-apoptotic activity...

..These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species...

..Sequencing of this genome now provides a valuable resource for deep mammalian comparative analyses, as well as for monotreme biology and conservation...

..While the screen is likely to miss some targets, our study shows that valid targets can be identified from sequence alone...

..This mutually exclusive expression argues that microRNAs confer accuracy to developmental gene-expression programs, thus ensuring tissue identity and supporting cell-lineage decisions...

..The finding that unrelated miRNAs regulate the maternal to zygotic transition in different animals suggests convergent evolution...

..Platypus and echidna testes contain a robust Piwi-interacting (piRNA) system, which appears to be participating in ongoing transposon defense...

..These observations expand the repertoire of small RNAs in Drosophila, adding a class that blurs distinctions based on known biogenesis mechanisms and functional roles...

..Thus, sense piRNAs, formed following cleavage of transposon mRNAs may enhance production of antisense piRNAs, complementary to active elements, by directing cleavage of transcripts from master control loci...

..Our findings indicate that GW182 links the miRNA pathway to mRNA degradation by interacting with AGO1 and promoting decay of at least a subset of miRNA targets...

..Moreover, AGO1 and AGO2 silence the expression of a common set of mobile genetic elements. Together, these results indicate that the functional overlap between AGO1 and AGO2 in Drosophila is more important than previously thought...

..We estimate that there are dozens or even hundreds of linear motifs yet to be discovered that will give molecular insight into protein networks and greatly illuminate cellular processes...

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..Structural comparisons, furthermore, establish an evolutionary link to the triosephosphate isomerases, a superfamily hitherto considered independent from the superfamily of aldolases...

..The approach is highly complementary to fold comparison for providing functional clues for new structures, and is key for the detection of recurrences of any new pattern...

..This model gives insights into the dynamic properties of full-length ERalpha and into the structure of unliganded ERalpha...