Gary Fraser

..Although vegetarian diets are healthful and are associated with lower risk of several chronic diseases, different types of vegetarians may not experience the same effects on health...

..These results suggest that fasting morning serum isoflavone estimates will provide a poor index of long-term soy intake, but that overnight urinary estimates perform much better...

..Irrespective of fit, linear regression calibration in this situation at least approximately corrects bias. More complex linear calibration equations that improve fit may increase power over that of uncalibrated regressions...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of self-reported anthropometrics in the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2)...

..Missing data are a common problem in nutritional epidemiology. Little is known of the characteristics of these missing data, which makes it difficult to conduct appropriate imputation...

..Measurement error is a pervasive problem in behavioral epidemiology, and available methods of correction all have generally untenable assumptions. We propose a multivariate method with more realistic assumptions...

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..This paper focuses on some preliminary baseline analyses of responses from the first group of participants recruited for AHS-2...

..These associations showed a dose-response effect. High frequency of consumption of cooked green vegetables, dried fruit, legumes, and brown rice was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal polyps...

..To evaluate the dietary contribution of culturally preferred foods in a population of Black Seventh-Day Adventists from the eastern and southern United States in order to improve the standard food frequency questionnaire...

..However, other studies have raised a question regarding the adequacy of protein in such a diet...

..Therefore, the feasibility of collecting biological specimens from a nationally dispersed cohort (Adventist Health Study-2) was tested...

..To identify the attitudes and perceptions of Black Seventh-day Adventists regarding health research and the healthcare system in two regions of the United States...

..Evidence of the benefits of soy on cancer risk in Western populations is inconsistent, in part because of the low intake of soy in these groups...

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..We assessed the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in people following different types of vegetarian diets compared with that in nonvegetarians...

..To validate a 204-item quantitative FFQ for measurement of nutrient intake in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)...

..This will allow a regression calibration approach to determine s25(OH)D levels replacing the more costly method of collection and analysis of blood samples...

..We recommend that researchers investigate the relationship between stress and fibromyalgia in concert with genetic and biomarker studies...

..To identify correlates of perceived pain-related restrictions in a community sample of women with fibromyalgia...

..This paper describes the study design, recruitment methods, response rates, and characteristics of Blacks in the AHS-2, thus providing insights about effective strategies to recruit Blacks to participate in research studies...

..61; 95% CI, 0.43, 0.87). In this cohort of women with a relatively low incidence of wrist fracture, higher levels of physical activity at baseline were protective against risk of fracture during 25 years of follow-up...

..Regression calibration methods that use carefully selected biological surrogates (correlates) of the dietary factor of interest in the calibration study seem to use more realistic assumptions...

..Fluid intake as a putative coronary heart disease risk factor may deserve further consideration in other populations or using other study designs...

..We tested the hypothesis that a free daily supplement (averaging 76 kJ) of almonds for six months, with no dietary advice, would not change body weight...

..The FFQ was specially designed for use in a cohort of Seventh-day Adventists. In preparation for a large cohort study investigating the effect of diet on risk of colon, prostate and breast cancer...

..Since meat products represent a major source of protein in the Western diet, findings on whether meat intake significantly contributes to the burden of fatal disease have important clinical and public health implications...

..It is unclear how well questionnaire or so-called reference methods of dietary assessment correlate with true dietary intake. We develop a method to estimate such correlations...

..A daily supplement of almonds can induce favourable nutrient modifications for chronic disease prevention to an individual's habitual diet...

..We describe a new application of the method of triads that allows an estimate of the correlation between a dietary questionnaire measure (Q) and true intake (T)...

..This difference in response by ethnic group was statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Follow-up phone calls improved response rates among black subjects only...

..002), and also with higher fruit consumption (p < 0.01). A weak protective association was found with low fat, but not whole milk. Little confounding was observed between these foods...

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..The purpose of this study was to conduct a pooled analysis of dietary fiber and its subtypes and risk of coronary heart disease...

..Results for histologic subtypes were similar. Overall, fat, cholesterol and egg intakes were not associated with ovarian cancer risk. The positive association for saturated fat intake at very high intakes merits further investigation...

..Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lactose, and ovarian cancer...

..The results generally did not differ across studies or by sex, smoking habits and lung cancer cell type. In conclusion, these data do not support the hypothesis that intakes of vitamins A, C and E and folate reduce lung cancer risk...

..However, we cannot rule out the possibility that our results are due to residual confounding by smoking. The primary focus for reducing lung cancer incidence should continue to be smoking prevention and cessation...

..The purpose of this study was to estimate relative mortality rates among persons joining the church in adult life compared with members of the same age who joined in childhood...

..Studies in animals have suggested that calcium may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. However, results from epidemiologic studies of intake of calcium or dairy foods and colorectal cancer risk have been inconclusive...

..Our objective was to evaluate the risk of breast cancer associated with meat and dairy food consumption and to assess whether non-dietary risk factors modify the relation...

..Epidemiologic studies have suggested a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) at higher intakes of fruit, vegetables, and whole grain. Whether this association is due to antioxidant vitamins or some other factors remains unclear...

..Although many studies have investigated the association between anthropometry and ovarian cancer risk, results have been inconsistent...

..Black art posters were offered to replace or augment the established $10 incentive for questionnaire completion in a longitudinal cohort study...

..Statistical power to examine associations by colon site has been limited in previous studies...

..Associations for total fruits and vegetables were similar for different histologic types. These results suggest that fruit and vegetable consumption in adulthood has no important association with the risk of ovarian cancer...

..These data do not support an important relation between fat or cholesterol intakes and lung cancer risk. The means to prevent this important disease remains avoidance of smoking...

..S. and Canada from a uniquely informative population. As originally planned it is during the coming Years 06-10 that this outstanding resource will provide answers to the questions posed. ..

..This study should further current understanding of how various manifestations of religion positively and negatively affect physical and mental health. ..

..This larger study will provide much greater statistical power, more accurate and documented exposure assessment, and will also include a large cohort of black Adventists. ..

..This larger study will provide much greater statistical power, more accurate and documented exposure assessment, and will also include a large cohort of black Adventists. ..