M L Neuhouser

..The authors confirm the existence of systematic bias in dietary self-reports and provide methods of correcting for measurement error...

..06). In conclusion, carbohydrate quality, independent of energy, is important. Dietary patterns emphasizing low-GL foods may improve the inflammatory and adipokine profiles of overweight and obese individuals...

..It remains unclear whether estrogenic botanical supplement (EBS) use influences breast cancer survivors' health-related outcomes...

..The BSQ can be used by nutrition researchers and practitioners to accurately evaluate student consumption of foods that are the focus of school nutrition policies...

..To examine associations of diet with acculturation among Hispanic immigrants from Mexico to Washington state and to compare dietary patterns of Hispanic with non-Hispanic white residents...

..To examine associations of biomarkers of nutrient intake with overall diet quality...

..Among women not using tamoxifen, fat intake was not associated with hormone concentrations. Further work is needed to confirm the findings and to understand the clinical implications of these observations...

..Future research would benefit from collaborative efforts among governmental scientists, academic scientists and industry to improve dietary supplement data collection methods and develop appropriate tools for analysis...

..Little is known about vitamin D status, assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and its relationship to breast density in breast cancer survivors...

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..The augmentation of this FFQ database with GI and GL values will enable etiologic investigations of GI and GL with numerous disease outcomes in the WHI and other epidemiologic studies that utilize this FFQ...

..CARET only included smokers, so findings reported here may not apply to nonsmokers. Our results are consistent with other studies suggesting that dietary supplements may influence prostate cancer risk...

..In conclusion, both the household inventory and the popular 5 A Day measure were poor indicators of fruit and vegetable intake in this sample of ethnically diverse rural women...

..42, 95% CI = 0.25-0.70). Our findings suggest that associations of dietary fat with prostate cancer risk may vary by type of fat or fat-containing food, and that risk may vary by host factors, including family history and smoking...

..Therefore, we decided to examine associations between multivitamin use and risk of cancer, CVD, and mortality in postmenopausal women...

..Little is known about vitamin D status in breast cancer survivors. This issue is important because vitamin D influences pathways related to carcinogenesis...

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..Our novel finding is that the C-peptide-associated risk was attenuated by use of finasteride...

..Folate is an essential B-vitamin that mediates one-carbon metabolism reactions, including nucleotide synthesis and others related to carcinogenesis. Both low- and high-folate status influences carcinogenesis...

..01) except lycopene. These models explained 20% of the variability in serum retinol, 28% of the variability in serum alpha-tocopherol, and 14-24% of the variability in serum carotenoids...

..Our objective was to investigate the distribution and patterns of alternative medicine use by children diagnosed with cancer in Washington State...

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..Our results can be generalized to similar chemoprevention trials...

..To develop and validate a new dietary assessment tool, the focused recall, and to use this to measure co-consumption of carotenoid-containing fruits and vegetables with savory snacks...

..06 in the cohort). In summary, there was no statistically significant evidence in this free-living population of associations between olestra consumption and decreased serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins...

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..The purpose of the OPMSS is to monitor consumption patterns of olestra-containing snacks and to determine whether consumption affects nutritional status...

..24-0.32). These results, which were consistent across diverse participant samples, suggest that the 5 A Day method yields both biased and imprecise measures of vegetable intake and that research to improve this measure is needed...

..To examine the association between breast cancer risk and the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in prediagnostic serum samples...

..CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that men and women differ considerably in their use of CAM, which may reflect differences in their psychological needs as they cope with their cancer diagnosis and treatment...

..In addition, these results suggest that the timing of smoking cessation is a possible teachable moment for food and nutrition professionals...

..Associations of plasma isoflavone concentrations with other dietary behaviors suggest that these compounds may serve as biomarkers of health behaviors in populations with low soy consumption...

..If other behaviors do change with increasing physical activity, this would complicate interpretation of differences in study outcomes in exercise intervention trials...

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..Inflammatory status may be an important prognostic factor for breast cancer. Correlates of markers of inflammation in breast cancer survivors have not been thoroughly evaluated...

..001). APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition professionals need to ensure that dietary recommendations are clear and positive to avoid the possibility that consumers may disregard nutrition messages entirely...

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..The link between poor nutritional status and impaired immune function is well established; however, most studies have focused on individual nutrients instead of overall dietary patterns...

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..Practitioners working with immigrants should determine the degree to which dietary counseling should be focused on maintaining traditional eating habits, adopting the healthful aspects of eating in Western countries, or both...

..Calibrated energy and body mass index associations were highly interdependent. Implications for the interpretation of nutritional epidemiology studies are described...

..High intake of n-6 fatty acids, through their effects on inflammation and oxidative stress, may increase prostate cancer risk...

..82; interleukin 6: OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.42); these associations were only in men aged <65 years. Results suggest that systemic inflammation or lower levels of soluble receptors that bind inflammatory cytokines increase BPH risk...

..We examined whether adiponectin, leptin, and C-peptide were associated with incident, symptomatic BPH and whether these factors mediate the relationship between obesity and BPH risk...

..Genetic or environmental factors that affect the activity of 5-alpha-reductase may be important in the development of symptomatic BPH...

..We provide a framework for doing collaborative research in an international setting structured around a common theme of a clinical trial...

..To examine whether androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat length was associated with the risk of incident benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)...

..Lycopene has been promoted for prostate cancer prevention, despite the inconsistency of scientific evidence...

..Further studies in larger and more diverse populations are needed to fully understand the potential of this novel intervention approach...

..04; CRP P trend = .07). CONCLUSION Circulating SAA and CRP may be important prognostic markers for long-term survival in breast cancer patients, independent of race, tumor stage, and body mass index...

..A diet low in fat and red meat and high in protein and vegetables, as well as regular alcohol consumption, may reduce the risk of symptomatic BPH...

..However, food records are considered unsuitable for large studies due to the need to train participants and to review and correct completed records...

..However, persons who use beta-carotene supplements do not benefit from the protective compounds in plant foods...

..Obesity increases the risk of high-grade but decreases the risk of low-grade prostate cancer, and this relationship is independent of the lower risk for prostate cancer among men with diabetes...

..We examined risk factors for incident symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia in 5,667 Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial placebo arm participants who were free of benign prostatic hyperplasia at baseline...

..Design/subjects Telephone interviews of a population-based sample of 126 breast, 114 prostate, and 116 colorectal cancer patients from the state of Washington...

..Socioeconomic status is explored as a predictor of differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in cancer prevention behavior...

..These efforts should specifically aim to increase fruit/ vegetable consumption and regular physical activity. Future efforts to increase cholesterol testing should focus on recent immigrants...

..DESIGN, LOCATION, SUBJECTS: Telephone survey of 356 patients with colon, breast, or prostate cancer identified from the population-based Cancer Surveillance System of western Washington...

..We assessed scales of psychosocial factors and dietary habits related to vegetable consumption and examined associations of these scales with vegetable intake...

..Further research using new dietary databases for food flavonoid content is needed to confirm these findings before specific public health recommendations about flavonoids can be formulated...

..These measures can be used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of folic-acid fortification and whether changes are warranted in fortification levels...

..To evaluate the association between protein intake and incident frailty...

..We examined the feasibility of using gene expression changes in human prostate epithelium as a measure of response to a dietary intervention...

..Dietary intake of fiber, carbohydrate, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) may influence breast cancer survival, but consistent and convincing evidence is lacking...

..4% increase in serum lutein concentration. Notably, however, the amount of variance in serum concentration that is explained by demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and lifestyle factors remains substantial...

..This report describes the prevalence of nutrition label use and its association with demographic, behavioral, and psychological factors and diet among African-American adults...

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..Development of this database linked to an FFQ provides a means of estimating polyamine intake and contributes to investigations relating polyamines to cancer...

..This report gives associations of olestra consumption (in savory snacks) with changes in nutrient intake, serum lipid concentrations, and body weight 1 y after these snacks became available nationally in the United States...

..These findings suggest that higher iron intake may be associated with risk of clinically aggressive prostate cancer, and that endogenous antioxidant capabilities may modify these associations...

..To date, there are 718 confirmed cases of primary prostatic carcinoma. This proposed study will provide important information about prostate cancer etiology and suggest new strategies for prevention and control. ..

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..Volunteers enrolled in a randomized cross-over feeding study will be asked to eat two additional meals; we will monitor the postprandial responses by measuring biomarkers in the blood for eight hours after the meals. ..

..Our ultimate goal is to gain information for use in translational programs of prostate cancer prevention and treatment. ..