ANNE M MCTIERNAN

..Genotype by environment interactions may contribute further to such explanation, and may help to refine the genomic regions of interest...

..It remains unclear whether estrogenic botanical supplement (EBS) use influences breast cancer survivors' health-related outcomes...

..The secondary aim was to investigate predictors of changes in HRQOL...

..The association between exercise and breast cancer risk may be partly explained by the effects of exercise on these hormones...

..These results suggest that while age, oophorectomy status, and NSAID use may be associated with selected sex hormone concentrations, few menstrual or reproductive factors affect endogenous sex hormones in the postmenopausal period...

..Increased mammographic density reduces the sensitivity of screening mammography, is associated with increased breast cancer risk, and may be hormone related. We assessed the effect of estrogen-plus-progestin therapy on mammographic density...

..A hypothesized mechanism for exercise-induced colon cancer risk reduction might be through alterations in colon crypt cell architecture and proliferation...

..However, the determinants of these hormone concentrations are not established. The purpose of this study was to examine correlates of endogenous sex hormones...

..Most women can benefit from advice and preventive care for reducing their risk for breast cancer...

..The effect of national exercise recommendations on adiposity is unknown and may differ by sex. We examined long-term effects of aerobic exercise on adiposity in women and men...

..Randomized clinical trials have shown that physical activity interventions can change biomarkers of cancer risk. Observational studies can also provide useful information on mechanisms that might link physical activity to cancer...

..The effects of dietary changes on osteoporosis, low bone density, and frequent falls are unestablished...

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..We examined the effect of CEE alone on mammographic density in a subsample of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial participants...

..The effects of dietary weight loss and increase in physical activity on survival or recurrence in breast and gynecologic cancers are not yet established, and randomized controlled trials are needed for definitive data...

..These genes metabolize estrogens and androgens, which are important in body fat regulation...

..The long-term benefits and risks of physical activity in cancer patients and survivors are unknown. Nevertheless, increasing physical activity is probably beneficial and safe in the majority of cancer survivors...

..The aim of this article is to examine the role of exercise randomized clinical trials and other intervention studies in defining the associations between physical activity and cancer prevention...

..Women who are physically active have a decreased risk for breast cancer, but the types, amounts, and timing of activity needed are unknown...

..This study examined the association between adiposity and concentrations of estrogens, androgens, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in a population-based sample of postmenopausal women with breast cancer...

..Thus, adoption of lifestyle changes by individuals and populations may have a large impact on the future incidence of this disease...

..The Physical Activity for Total Health study is testing the effect of a 1-yr moderate intensity physical activity intervention on the endogenous sex hormone profile of postmenopausal women in a randomized controlled study...

..This study provides further evidence that genetic variation may appreciably alter sex hormone concentrations in postmenopausal women not taking hormone therapy...

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..05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence that intestinal bacterial composition may influence BMD in postmenopausal women. Further studies characterizing associations of intestinal bacterial profiles with BMD are warranted...

..01). No independent associations between the concentrations of leptin or estrogens and weight cycling were observed. This study suggests that frequent intentional weight loss may affect hormones involved in energy regulation...

..Lifetime weight gain is also a strong predictor of breast cancer. Waist to hip ratio, a measure of weight distribution, does not appear to be related to postmenopausal breast cancer risk...

..Thus, this 12-month moderate intensity exercise intervention did not significantly alter urinary excretion of 2-OH E(1), 16alpha-OH E(1), or their ratio in this population of women...

..These results are promising for health care providers providing advice to postmenopausal women for lifestyle changes to reduce risk of insulin resistance, coronary heart disease, and diabetes...

..If other behaviors do change with increasing physical activity, this would complicate interpretation of differences in study outcomes in exercise intervention trials...

..The perimenopausal period may be a critical juncture at which targeted and tailored interventions may help to achieve maintenance of physical activity into the postmenopausal period...

..In addition, these results suggest that the timing of smoking cessation is a possible teachable moment for food and nutrition professionals...

..CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study does not support the hypothesis that reproductive or menstrual factors, with the exception of oophorectomy status, are associated with postmenopausal androgen concentrations...

..These results provide little evidence that the CYP17, CYP1B1, and COMT polymorphisms are associated with different sex hormone levels in post-menopausal breast cancer survivors...

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..These results suggest that bias can be artificially introduced into intervention effect estimates of longitudinal studies if samples from a subject are not assayed in the same batch...

..Our study does not support a link between leptin and other immune parameters among overweight or obese, but otherwise healthy postmenopausal women, perhaps because such effects are only present at low or deficient leptin concentrations...

..Our study indicates that bulk mail may be more cost-effective than first-class mail for recruitment into intervention trials and that older women are willing to participate in such studies...

..Inflammatory status may be an important prognostic factor for breast cancer. Correlates of markers of inflammation in breast cancer survivors have not been thoroughly evaluated...

..To evaluate the association between chronic kidney disease and incident hip fracture using serum cystatin-C as a biomarker of renal function calculated without reference to muscle mass...

..These results suggest that interindividual variability in intestinal bacteria may be related to differences in products of hormone metabolism in post-menopausal women...

..The association between increased physical activity and reduced risk for postmenopausal breast cancer may be partly explained by effects on serum estrogens...

..Focusing on potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factors, we examined the relationship between body size, physical activity, and triple-negative disease risk...

..Here, we evaluate whether low levels of adiponectin and a greater level of insulin resistance are associated with breast cancer mortality and all-cause mortality...

..Hormonally mediated risk factors may be differentially related to risk of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers...

..Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse health outcomes, and the immune system may be a biologic mediator of health effects...

..Little is known about vitamin D status, assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and its relationship to breast density in breast cancer survivors...

..Dietary intake of fiber, carbohydrate, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) may influence breast cancer survival, but consistent and convincing evidence is lacking...

..Among women not using tamoxifen, fat intake was not associated with hormone concentrations. Further work is needed to confirm the findings and to understand the clinical implications of these observations...

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..CONCLUSION: These results indicate that counseling can change interest in genetic testing only slightly and that changing women's beliefs about the properties of testing might be one mechanism of doing so...

..Thus, adoption of lifestyle changes by individuals and populations may have a large impact on the future incidence of cancer...

..Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived risk partially mediated the relationship between optimism and cancer worry...

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..In summary, ghrelin levels increase with weight loss achieved without reduced food intake, consistent with a role for ghrelin in the adaptive response constraining weight loss and, thus, in long-term body weight regulation...

..This is not consistent with the hormone therapy literature and should be confirmed in larger studies...

..CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that frequent intentional weight loss may have long-term effects on immune function...

..These findings are of public health relevance and add a new facet to the growing literature on the health benefits of moderate exercise...

..This paper describes the ethnic and socioeconomic correlates of functioning in a cohort of long-term nonrecurring breast cancer survivors...

..Although the exercise intervention had little effect on prolactin concentrations overall, increasing physical fitness was associated with reduced prolactin concentrations among postmenopausal women...

..We prospectively evaluated the association between average 10-year use of NSAIDs and invasive breast cancer...

..There were no associations of leptin receptor genotypes or haplotypes and adenoma risk. The results of this study suggest that, in men, leptin may be associated with risk of colorectal adenomas...

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..This 12-mo randomized, controlled trial showed no effect of aerobic exercise on in vitro immune function, despite excellent retention, high adherence, and demonstrable efficacy of the exercise intervention...

..To examine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and other biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease pathology for older adults with mild cognitive impairment, and assess the role of sex as a predictor of response...

..64 (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 2.68) over a 5-year period of use and 2.19 (95% confidence interval: 1.56, 3.08) over a 10-year period of use...

..Cancer worry decreased in both counseling groups by one scale point (P < 0.05). These results indicate that counseling can relieve women's negative reactions to breast cancer risk...

..Little is known about vitamin D status in breast cancer survivors. This issue is important because vitamin D influences pathways related to carcinogenesis...

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..We hypothesized that intentional weight loss may be associated with development of lymphohematopoietic cancers, based on observations of immune suppression following weight loss in short-term studies...

..Our investigators have a wealth of expertise in the components of the energy balance and cancer equation, and will provide important scientific leadership, training, and contributions to the overall TREC program. ..

..Intervention adherence will be monitored via exercise and diet logs and weekly weighing. Potential adverse effects will be measured including injuries, overall bone density (DEXA), and Quality of Life. ..

..Results from this unique human experimental study will provide important information about mechanisms of exercise effects on colon carcinogenesis and about potential ..