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..The author compares the new results to previous findings in the fruit fly and discusses possible mechanisms behind the inverse relationship between reproduction and life-span extension...

..Strong analyses of genes required for DR should be a priority in future research with Drosophila and this may be made most robust by considering the effect of mutants in the context of the geometric framework...

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..It was the consensus of the working session that making healthspan an operational metric would be an innovation needed for the genetic power of model systems to address this aspect of human aging...

..In this Perspective, I discuss the implications of this result in the context of gene regulation and mechanisms of aging...

..In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Géminard et al. (2009) describe how secretion of insulin-like peptides is remotely controlled by the fat body (an adipose, liver-like tissue) in response to dietary amino acids...

..Finally, it remains unknown whether or not DR functions through insulin-related signaling...

..elegans and D. melanogaster appears to be regulated by signaling that depends on the presence of germline stem cells in the adult gonad. These invertebrate models provide powerful tools to dissect conserved causes of reproductive aging...

..elegans daf-2. We propose neuroendocrine control of reproductive diapause in D. melanogaster that includes phenotypic plasticity for rates of senescence...

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..How dietary restriction extends life span may involve anticipatory neurons. The odor of dietary yeast is sufficient to speed Drosophila aging while mutants of an odorant-binding protein extend life span...

..These findings suggest that autonomous and non-autonomous roles of insulin signalling combine to control ageing...

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..Remarkably, in similarly sized cohorts of male and female ch1/ch1 and of male ch1/+ mortality deceleration is absent. Mortality deceleration is a phenotype of chico...

..The contervailing effects of hsp70 upon fecundity and subsequent age-specific mortality exemplify antagonistic pleiotropy, and this trade-off could contribute to the evolution of Drosophila senescence...

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..Although nutritional conditions of the larvae can affect the subsequent body size and fecundity of adults, these are not sufficient to slow aging...

..These results suggest that signals from the gonad regulate lifespan and modulate insulin sensitivity in the fly and that the gonadal regulation of aging is evolutionarily conserved...

..Our results suggest that 20E and JH play major roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to immune challenge...

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..IRES mediated translation of dFoxO and dInR may be essential to ensure function and sensitivity of the insulin signaling pathway during fasting...

..Our results suggest that there is a positive relationship between the intensity of sperm competition in a species and the strength of positive Darwinian selection on the seminal protein semenogelin I...

..The results are discussed in the context of multivariate trait evolution...

..Since caloric intake correlates with yeast concentration and thus with the intake of every metabolite in this dietary component, it is premature to conclude for Drosophila that calories do not explain extension of life span...

..In particular, we illustrate the role of JH as a key mediator of life history trade-offs...

..Dietary restriction through dilution of yeast may extend longevity because this limits the intake of amino acids...

..Paradoxically, these stress genes are repressed by SIR2, suggesting that resveratrol increases life span by inhibiting this SIR2 action...

..Consequently, maximum reproduction will occur when the immune response is tightly controlled in young females, even if this increases infection risk at later ages...

..Because carbon from larval sucrose appears to be fairly "replaceable", larval sucrose cannot be a limiting substrate in resource allocation between reproduction and lifespan...

..To understand the importance of specific nutrients relative to calories as mediators of Drosophila aging, we must directly measure food intake and control for the feeding stimulation of nutrients...

..In contrast, primate taxa are differentiated by rates of demographic aging, even if they cannot be characterized by species-specific lifespan...

..The aging fly heart is a model for studying the genetics of age-sensitive organ-specific pathology...

..Lifespan extension is dependent on functional Sir2, and is not observed when nutrients are restricted. Together these data indicate that STACs slow metazoan ageing by mechanisms that may be related to caloric restriction...

..Drosophila sNPF and the evolutionarily conserved mammalian NPY seem to regulate ERK-mediated insulin expression and thus to systemically modulate growth, metabolism and lifespan...

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..This proposal works with the fly Drosophila melanogaster to explore the effects of reproduction upon candidate aging regulatory hormone systems that are common to insects and mammals. ..

..Coupled with the program-wide multidimensional measures of somatic aging, we shall evaluate the extent that reproductive and somatic aging are concordant or independent. ..

..Coupled with the program-wide multidimensional measures of somatic aging, we shall evaluate the extent that reproductive and somatic aging are concordant or independent. ..

..In a comprehensive experimental design, we shall assess qualifies of stress resistance, central metabolism and mitochondria function to determine which feature best predicts variance in life span ..

..The genotype-phenotype associations detected with this design will be of broad significance to the problem of genetic variation for longevity in general populations. ..

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