Thomas F Webster

..Population-based case-control and cohort studies provide a stronger foundation for spatial epidemiology because potential confounders and disease latency can be addressed...

..This case-control study provided detailed information on individual-level covariates and residential history that can be spatially analyzed using generalized additive models (GAMs) and geographical information systems (GIS)...

..However, there is relatively little in the literature devoted to comparison and critique of different methods. Most of the available comparative studies rely on simulated data rather than real data sets...

..However, little attention has been paid to simultaneously examining both measures...

..This paper examines three types of ecologic bias: confounding by group, effect measure modification by group, and non-differential exposure misclassification...

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..These maps often possess poor spatial resolution, the potential for spatial confounding, and the inability to consider latency. Population-based case-control studies can provide detailed information on residential history and covariates...

..Prior animal and human studies of prenatal exposure to solvents including tetrachloroethylene (PCE) have shown increases in the risk of certain congenital anomalies among exposed offspring...

..While results were not statistically significant, they suggest that children living in certain parts of Cape Cod were more likely to have a LDD. The spatial variation may be due to variation in the physical and social environment...

..Exposures in the United States and in world populations are widespread. PFC exposures have been linked to various health impacts, and data in animals suggest that PFCs may be potential developmental neurotoxicants...

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..We have taken advantage of technical improvements in publically available software to incorporate a more sophisticated determination of water flow and direction to see if previous results were robust to more accurate exposure assessment...

..Data were collected retrospectively on births to women between 1969 and 1983 living on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The sample included siblings born in different residences with differing community-level SES...

..The C8 Health Project was established in 2005 to collect data on perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, or C8) and human health in Ohio and West Virginia communities contaminated by a fluoropolymer production facility...

..The vinyl resin was applied to the inner pipe surface in a solution of tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene, PCE). Substantial amounts of PCE remained in the liner and subsequently leached into public drinking water supplies...

..Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely used as flame retardants in consumer products and are ubiquitous in residential indoor air and dust. However, little is known about exposure in the office environment...

..045) and BDE 209 (r = 0.58, p = 0.008). Use of personal air concentrations increased estimates of inhalation exposure over those previously reported. Inhalation may account for up to 22% of the total BDE 209 exposure in U.S. adults...

..No prior study has investigated the long-term impact of prenatal and early childhood exposure to the solvent tetrachloroethylene (PCE) on the affinity for risky behaviors, defined as smoking, drinking or drug use as a teen or adult...

..One vacuum bag sample contained the highest concentrations of BDE 209 (527,000 ng/g) and total PBDEs (544,000 ng/g) that have been reported in house dust...

..Spatial analyses of case-control data have suggested a possible link between breast cancer and groundwater plumes in upper Cape Cod, Massachusetts...

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..Variation in PFC air concentrations by building is likely due to differences in the number, type, and age of potential sources such as carpeting, furniture, and/or paint...

..e. is the smoothing term necessary? Permutation tests are a reasonable hypothesis testing method and provide adequate power under a simple alternative hypothesis. These tests have yet to be compared to other spatial statistics...

..The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains largely unknown, although epidemiologic studies suggest genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Geographic variation in incident RA has been observed at the regional level...

..We conclude that prenatal and early postnatal PCE exposure is not associated with disorders of attention, learning and behavior identified on the basis of questionnaire responses and at the exposure levels experienced by this population...

..Exposure of the U.S. population to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is thought to be via exposure to dust and diet. However, little work has been done to empirically link body burdens of these compounds to either route of exposure...

..Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) are used commonly in commercial applications and are detected in humans and the environment worldwide. Concern has been raised that they may disrupt lipid and weight regulation...

..Special cases include combinations of two full agonists and a full agonist plus a competitive antagonist...

..Prior studies of prenatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE) have shown mixed results regarding its effect on birth weight and gestational age...

..These data demonstrate that environmental phthalates can cooperate with an endogenous ligand, 15d-PGJ(2), to inhibit proliferation of and induce apoptosis in developing bone marrow B cells, potentially via PPARgamma activation...

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..Although diet and activity are key factors in the obesity epidemic, laboratory studies suggest that endocrine disrupting chemicals may also affect obesity...

..However, the TEF method assumes that individual agents are full aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists with parallel dose-response curves, whereas many mixtures include partial agonists...

..Their unique perspectives are also commonly missing from discussions about science and technology policy. The consensus conference process, developed in Denmark, offers a way to address this gap...

..Our results support the hypothesis that the indoor environment and diet both play prominent roles in adult human exposure to PBDEs...

..These estimates are greater than dietary intake rates and suggest hand-to-mouth contact may be a key exposure route for PBDEs...

..The proposed project will provide a more complete understanding of how PBDEs enter the indoor environment, how people are exposed, and the extent to which they may be associated with human hormones levels. ..

..The proposed project will provide a more complete understanding of how PBDEs enter the indoor environment, how people are exposed, and the extent to which they may be associated with human hormones levels. ..