Hugo D Critchley

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..Similarly in humans, therapeutic interferon-alpha induces clinical depression in a third of patients. Conversely, patients with depression also show elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines...

..Our data provide neurobiological evidence for a distinction between low-level and high-level appraisal mechanisms...

..Our findings highlight the dynamic interaction of heart and brain in stress-induced cardiovascular morbidity...

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..Further, by entering metrics for facial muscular change into analysis of brain imaging data, we highlight shared and discrete neural substrates supporting affective, action and social consequences of somatomotor emotional expression...

..Together these observations may account for motivational and affective sequelae of SCI in some individuals...

..These data highlight the role of ACC in psychophysiological aspects of error processing and suggest that an interface exists within ACC between cognitive and biobehavioral systems in the service of response adaptation...

..These findings identify neural substrates that support integration of perceptual processing, interoception, and intentional modulation of bodily states of arousal...

..Thus, converging neuroimaging and clinical findings suggest that ACC function mediates context-driven modulation of bodily arousal states...

..Studies in rodents suggest an afferent interoceptive neural mechanism, although comparable data in humans are lacking...

..These findings provide evidence that perception-action mechanisms extend to non-volitional operations of the autonomic nervous system...

..Generation of visceral autonomic correlates of control reinforce experiential engagement in simulatory models and underpin concepts such as somatic markers to bridge the dualistic divide...

..Our findings point to these regions as providing a putative neural substrate underpinning a crucial adaptive aspect of social/emotional behavior...

..These findings indicate that right anterior insula supports a representation of visceral responses accessible to awareness, providing a substrate for subjective feeling states...

..We hypothesized that the antidepressant action of VNS may emerge through corrective influences on 'negativity bias' in memory. We therefore examined the impact of VNS on emotional memory and its underlying brain activity...

..We suggest that important individual differences in social cognitive skills are expressed within the healthy male population, which appear to have a basis in a compromised neural system that underpins social information processing...

..Together, these data demonstrate a central role of sadness processing in empathetic emotion and highlight the salience of implicit autonomic signals in affective communication...

..Our data provide empirical evidence for an autonomically mediated extension of forward models of motor control into social interaction...

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..Systemic infections commonly cause sickness symptoms including psychomotor retardation. Inflammatory cytokines released during the innate immune response are implicated in the communication of peripheral inflammatory signals to the brain...

..Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we locate the potential site and source of this modulation of anticipatory anxiety in the medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate and anterolateral prefrontal cortex, respectively...

..Moreover, we demonstrate modulation of this arousal-related potential by a behavioural intervention, indicating a potential therapeutic use of arousal biofeedback using GSR in the management of treatment-resistant epilepsy...

..Our findings highlight a proximal brain basis for stress-induced cardiac arrhythmic vulnerability...

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..Apart from OFC, these regions were not activated by reward receipt. The findings indicate that when rewards are predictable, brain regions recruited during expectation are, in part, dissociable from areas responding to reward receipt...

..The findings indicate that the expression of conditioning-related neural activity is modulated by both awareness and representations of bodily states of autonomic arousal...

..Moreover, such studies enable an understanding of mechanisms by which states of bodily arousal, indexed by EDA, influence cognition and bias motivational behavior...

..Originally described in association with schizophrenia, catatonic signs have been reported in a wide range of neuropsychiatric conditions...

..These early observations provide preliminary evidence for a direct contribution of autonomic responsivity to the 'higher-order' social cognitive process of empathy, and may inform the dynamics of supportive care...

..By providing a coherent conceptual framework, affective neuroscience is increasingly able to provide a mechanistic explanatory understanding of current therapies and is driving the development of novel therapeutic approaches...

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..Therefore, we undertook a functional brain imaging study to determine how neuromodulation acts on brain centers involved in the representation and control of bladder function...

..The findings are relevant to understanding the functions of the primate including human orbitofrontal cortex in normal behaviour, and to understanding the effects of damage to this region in humans...

..These results demonstrate that medial orbitofrontal cortex modulates the gain of adaptive emotions in a manner that may provide a substrate for the influence of high-level emotions on decision making...

..We discuss the management considerations of each case and emphasise the importance of actively addressing the underlying psychiatric problems for all instances of deliberate self-harm...

..Nobody has examined the relationship between abnormalities in the frontal and parietal lobes and clinical symptoms in people with AS...

..Relative to control subjects, Asperger's syndrome subjects were not impaired at odor detection but were significantly impaired at olfactory identification...

..However, a failure in integrated bodily arousal responses during cognitive behaviours may also contribute to some of the observed deficits...

..demonstrated that smoking addiction is disrupted by damage to the insula cortex. This suggests that brain circuits mediating interoception also contribute to craving states...