H Campbell

..We aimed to estimate the global incidence of and mortality from episodes of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) due to RSV in children younger than 5 years in 2005...

..Currently there are at least seven vaccine and immunotherapy candidates against S. aureus in the developmental phase targeting both active and passive immunization...

..We aimed to perform a structured assessment of these emerging meningococcal vaccines as a means of reducing global meningococcal disease burden among children under 5 years of age...

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..This review aims to assess the utility of oxygen systems as a method for reducing childhood mortality from pneumonia...

..Currently there are several vaccine and immunoprophylaxis candidates against RSV in the developmental phase targeting active and passive immunization...

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..Aerosolised measles vaccines are now under development with the hope of challenging the delivery factors currently limiting the coverage of the existing vaccine...

..The aim of this study is to obtain a first estimate incidence of RRD in Scotland, to estimate the incidence of familial RRD and to describe the known associations of RRD within the study population...

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..A substantial proportion of the inter-individual variability in S CR level is explicable by genetic factors...

..A limitation of many studies is the lack of a sufficiently long period between cognitive assessments to examine determinants. Here, the aim is to examine influences on cognitive ageing between childhood and old age...

..0625) were included in this study. All individuals were genotyped with the Illumina HumanHap300 array with 317,503 SNP markers...

..The provision of the clinics within general practice did not result in higher levels of confidence among GPs in managing these women...

..The challenges remain to bring these and other strategies to scale and to support research into their use, impact, and sustainability in different environments...

..Other traits, such as age at menarche, IQ and lifespan, which have been changing during the decades of urbanization, may also have been influenced by demographic factors...

..The overall outcome is expected to be beneficial for a range of traits associated with human health and disease that show dominance variance...

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..However, the clinical risk and financial implications of screening should be taken into account...

..To characterise the predisposing pathology and clinical features in the fellow eyes of patients recruited as part of the Scottish Retinal Detachment Study...

..In the absence of robust data from epidemiological studies, these findings can inform decisions about the use of cascade genetic testing for mismatch repair gene mutations...

..Obesity is a known risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and we hypothesized that there might be a common inherited genetic component...

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..While not conclusive, this novel and interesting finding provides evidence that bi-allelic germline mutations in MYH may increase susceptibility to endometrial cancer...

..We report a large collaborative meta-analysis to assess and refine CRC risk estimates associated with bi-allelic and mono-allelic MUTYH variants and investigate age and sex influence on risk...

..These findings have considerable relevance to identifying patients who merit surveillance colonoscopy and to epidemiological studies...

..To report the early surgical outcome, risk of failure and predictive value of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) classification based on all participants in the Scottish Retinal Detachment study...

..Population screening for mutation carriers is not currently a feasible option, and mutation analysis remains restricted to either relatives of mutation carriers or colorectal cancer cases selected on the basis of phenotype...

..CONCLUSION: It is important that these highly effective vaccines should be made available to children in the developing countries...

..To determine the coverage of vaccine and antibiotic prophylaxis in splenectomised patients in Scotland...

..This study underscores the need for large sample sizes in order to identify small gene effects when the disease allele frequency is low...

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..In order to facilitate the audit and use of these guidelines a 'Care Pathway' was devised to form the patient records. We describe the process of guideline development for TS and our TS Care Pathway...

..A total of 78% of participants found it highly acceptable to have the information about HNPCC brought to their attention at that time...

..The availability of conjugated vaccines reinforces the importance of systematic surveillance to determine accurately and regularly the coverage of pneumococcal serogroups and types causing both invasive and non-invasive disease...

..Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a potentially blinding condition. Obtaining an accurate estimate of RRD incidence in the population is essential in understanding the healthcare burden related to this disorder...

..No pathogenic mutations were identified in the OFCD cases. A single PAX6 homeodomain missense mutation was identified in a subject with partial aniridia that had been initially misclassified as coloboma...

..45 (p<0.05). The study showed that a large number of predominantly recessive genetic factors might mediate the susceptibility to formation of renal stones in humans...

..Therefore, decisions regarding the implementation of the novel community-based service should be based on the resources required and client satisfaction with the service...

..The rapidly rising demand for these services suggests that the evaluation of further new models needs to continue to be given priority to guide the development of cancer genetic services...

..A simple family history chart or pedigree is one way that a GP can, within the constraints of a GP consultation, determine which patients should be reassured and which referred to the local cancer genetic clinic...

..This method could provide useful estimates of average F-values for groups of individuals in population-based studies of the effects of inbreeding/homozygosity on quantitative traits...

..However, it is possible that genetic isolation and inbreeding are important factors. Further investigations of cancer in these isolate populations are warranted to explore these findings further...

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..The first published phylogenetic analysis of haplogroup F worldwide is presented, applying the median network method, suggesting several scenarios how this maternal lineage may have been added to the Croatian mtDNA pool...

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..Constant surveillance is necessary to monitor the emergence and spread of resistance and to guide appropriate public health interventions in preventing drug resistant meningococci...

..There is a need for further education for practice nurses regarding family history information and the new genetics so that this information is managed appropriately...

..Subjects and methods: The sample comprised dental casts of 224 children, aged 7-14 years, from 15 villages of the Island of Hvar, Croatia...

..Forty-five percent of GPs reported having a written policy with set target for influenza vaccination and 11% for pneumococcal vaccination...

..6%. A review of the literature and the results of this study lead to a conclusion that a very large number of predominantly recessive genetic factors might mediate the genetic susceptibility to various forms of LD in these populations...

..Further research is required to determine the most appropriate form of leadership for the network, and to identify, more clearly, what is understood by a managed network and what accountability there should be...

..Because there was no evidence of metastasis and adequate local excision, no further treatment was considered necessary and she remains disease free at 39 months...

..In those counties, the incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma decreased during and after the war. In Croatia as a whole, decreases in incidence of myeloid leukaemias during war and non-Hodgkin lymphoma after the war were noted...

..The framework should also be valuable in evaluating the likely impact and cost-effectiveness of new potential prognostic factors and adjuvant therapies...

..We conducted a comprehensive review of the impact of measles immunization on the epidemiology of SSPE and examined epidemiological evidence on whether there was any vaccine-associated risk...

..Calculation of the potential impacts is illustrated and the expected outcomes are also described...