Vikram Patel

..This study aimed to describe the quality of prescriptions by medical practitioners, including both the layout of the prescription and the type and number of drugs prescribed...

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..The article ends by examining the major challenges for the field, and the opportunities for addressing them in the future...

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..This systematic review will summarise the evidence for the effectiveness of mobile technology interventions for improving health and health service outcomes (M-health) around the world...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the independent and interactive effects of these maternal exposures upon neonatal outcomes among pregnant adolescents in a disadvantaged population from Sao Paulo, Brazil...

..Investigate the impact of the PHC program on individual and community factors associated with mental health..

..Therefore a study was undertaken to examine the prevalence and risk factors of MDD in HIV/AIDS in semi-urban Uganda...

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..Although maternal common mental disorder (CMD) appears to be a risk factor for infant undernutrition in South Asian countries, the position in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is unclear..

..It is widely acknowledged that there is a global divide on health care and health research known as the 10/90 divide...

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..Campaigns to increase mental health literacy are needed at all levels of the health system...

..Addressing young people's mental-health needs is crucial if they are to fulfil their potential and contribute fully to the development of their communities...

..We also consider the role of formal teaching and training programmes, and the role for specialists in CAMH promotion...

..To describe the prevalence and determinants of dysmenorrhoea, the most common menstrual complaint, in a community in India...

..The determinants of common mental disorders in women have not been described in longitudinal studies from a low-income country...

..Strengthening the research capacity of these countries and reviewing the editorial policies of leading journals can help increase the international representation of LAMI countries in psychiatric research...

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..Reproductive tract infections (RTI) present major health, social, and economic problems in developing countries. Our objective was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of RTIs in a population based sample of women aged 18-45 years...

..Gender disadvantage and reproductive health are major determinants of women's health in developing countries...

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..To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for chronic fatigue in a developing country; in particular, to determine the association of anaemia, mental health, and gender disadvantage factors with chronic fatigue...

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..The implications for these experiences to improving access to psychological treatments in the global context are discussed...

..Screening of patients for common mental disorders (CMDs) is needed in primary-care management programmes. This study aimed to compare the screening properties of five widely used questionnaires...

..Epidemiological studies have reported strong associations between psychosocial adversity and complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) in South Asia. We aimed to explore the mechanism of these associations through qualitative research...

..44, 95% CI 1.0-2.07). We conclude that maternal psychological morbidity has an adverse impact on foetal growth...

..We aimed to assess the prevalence of seizure disorders, psychoses, and mental retardation in urban and rural Mozambique...

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..This article provides a narrative account of the background to the series, its development and the key messages of these articles...

..Method Population-based cohort study in Goa, India. Out of 3000 randomly selected women, 2494 women participated. The outcome was an incident case of the complaint of abnormal vaginal discharge at 6 months (T1) and 12 months (T2) review...

..The emerging agenda of chronic diseases and injuries should be a political priority and central to national consciousness, if universal health care is to be achieved...

..However, we recommend that policymakers should act on the available evidence to scale up effective and cost-effective treatments and preventive interventions for mental disorders...

..The MANAS trial aimed to test the effectiveness of an intervention led by lay health counsellors in primary care settings to improve outcomes of people with these disorders...

..Although presumed to be caused by reproductive tract infections (RTIs), the association between the complaint and the presence of RTIs is weak. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of the complaint of vaginal discharge...

..Depressive and anxiety disorders (common mental disorders) are the most common psychiatric condition encountered in primary healthcare...

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..To determine (i) the prevalence and characteristics of harmful alcohol consumption in general practice attendees; (ii) social and psychological associations with harmful drinking and (iii) recognition of harmful drinking by GPs...

..Our objective was to describe the explanatory models of illness in depressed women, in particular, their idioms of distress, and their views of their social circumstances and how this related to their illness...

..We compare HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between sex workers who had been based in Baina red-light district (ex-RLD-SWs) with sex workers who had never worked in Baina (non-RLD-SWs)...

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..We conducted an epidemiological study in the state of Goa to describe the current prevalence of mental disorders and its correlates among adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years...

..The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for suicidal behaviour in young people in India...

..There is little evidence of the feasibility, acceptability and impact of services for the care of people with psychotic disorders in low- and middle-income countries...

..Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The burden of TBI is greatest in low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC), yet little is known about patient outcomes in these settings...

..To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of a population-based intervention to promote health of youth (age: 16-24 years) in Goa...

..Mental health awareness needs to be integrated into all aspects of health and social policy, health-system planning, and delivery of primary and secondary general health care...

..We aimed to assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of antidepressant and psychological treatment for common mental disorders in general health-care settings...

..Previous studies document a mental health advantage in British Indian children, particularly for externalising problems. The causes of this advantage are unknown...

..Investing in systematic formative work prior to conducting expensive trials of the effectiveness of complex interventions is a useful exercise which potentially improves the likelihood of a positive result of such trials...

..The aim of this review is to compare the population-based prevalence of child mental disorders between ethnic groups in Britain, and relate these findings to ethnic differences in mental health service use...

..Secondary prevention must focus on strengthening the ability of primary care services to provide effective treatment...

..Integrating these issues into programmes is likely to be an essential element in developing health services and programmes which can reach out to the majority of adolescents in school settings in India...

..STI treatment guidelines for urethral symptoms should be revised and be based on epidemiological data...

..Interventions in the workplace must target both drinking problems and CMDs, since they often co-exist and are associated with different types of adverse outcomes...

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..To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a home based intervention in reducing caregiver burden, promoting caregiver mental health and reducing behavioural problems in elderly persons with dementia...

..To examine the impact of antenatal psychosocial stressors, including maternal common mental disorders (CMD), upon low birth weight, stillbirth and neonatal mortality, and other perinatal outcomes in rural Ethiopia...

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..To systematically review the evidence for effectiveness of HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention interventions in female sex workers in resource poor settings...

..Hazardous drinkers display unique drinking patterns suggesting the role of stigma and preference for higher alcohol-containing, but cheaper, drinks available in India...

..To identify risk factors for poor child mental health in the southeastern Brazilian municipality of Taubaté...

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..Understanding the way in which societal and individual factors interact to shape sex workers' vulnerability would better inform interventions...

..The study suggests directions for the future development of locally appropriate support services, such as involving the comprehensive network of community health workers...

..To describe factors associated with incident sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a population-based sample of women in Goa, India...

..Despite being widely used, they have not yet been validated for detecting postnatal depression. We describe the validity of these scales for the detection of postnatal depression in Burkina Faso...

..Little is known about the impact of life-threatening obstetric complications ('near miss') on women's mental health in low- and middle-income countries...

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..Postnatal depression is a recognised cause of delayed cognitive development in infants in developed countries. Being underweight is common in South Asia...

..We conclude that PTSD may be a relevant clinical construct in the Indian context...

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..A short five-item version of the GHQ has a good discriminatory ability for CMD and may be used as a brief alternative to standardised interviews in clinical and survey settings...

..Research on scaling-up should be embedded in large-scale delivery programmes for chronic diseases with a strong emphasis on assessment...

..Although the subjects in the CBR group were more socially disadvantaged, they had significantly better retention in treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The CBR model is a feasible model of care for chronic schizophrenia in resource-poor settings...

..Depression is often comorbid with other chronic diseases and can worsen their associated health outcomes. Few studies have explored the effect of depression, alone or as a comorbidity, on overall health status...

..The cultural validity of instruments to detect perinatal common mental disorders (CMD) in rural, community settings has been little-investigated in developing countries...

..We conclude that cultural attitudes towards mental illness significantly affect parental perception and behavior in response to interventions by biomedical practitioners for child mental health problems in developing countries...

..g. coping, family support) for efficacy in reducing symptoms of mental illness. Promising intervention findings should encourage investigators to begin to study the implementation of these interventions in HIV service settings...

..Progress should be measured and accountability assured. We prioritise research questions and suggest actions and measures for stakeholders both locally and globally, which are required to revitalise primary health care...

..Epidemiologic studies undertaken in postconflict countries have focused primarily on trauma-related disorders. There is a need to include disabling psychotic disorders in order to plan clinical services in these settings...

..Depression in women is associated with social deprivation and violence. We describe the prevalence and risk factors for depression during pregnancy, in particular the association with poverty and violence, in a Brazilian setting...