Rudolf Uher

..The time-efficient self- and parent-report alternatives will enable routine measurement of OCD severity in clinical practice. Estimates of equivalent summed scores are provided to facilitate comparison...

..In this study we examined and integrated the psychometric properties of three commonly used rating scales...

..Other testable predictions are likely to emerge from the general framework of interacting genetic, epigenetic and environmental mechanisms in depression...

..Biological and behavioural intermediate phenotypes are yet to be exploited to understand the mechanisms underlying the G x E...

..Tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are considered to be equally effective, but differences may have been obscured by internally inconsistent measurement scales and inefficient statistical analyses...

..Adverse drug reactions are important determinants of non-adherence to antidepressant treatment, but their assessment is complicated by overlap with depressive symptoms and lack of reliable self-report measures...

..The single marker associations explained only a small proportion of variance in response to antidepressants, indicating a need for a multivariate approach to prediction...

..The stronger reactivity to external food-related stimuli in women may be explored as a marker of gender-related susceptibility to eating disorders...

..Abnormalities in perception and evaluation of body shape are a hallmark of eating disorders...

..Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex is implicated in craving for drugs and food. This study explores the effect of prefrontal cortex stimulation on food craving...

..To evaluate the relation between lesions of various brain structures and the development of eating disorders and thus inform the neurobiological research on the aetiology of these mental illnesses...

..The authors sought to identify neural correlates of eating disorders in order to contribute to the debate on the genesis and classification of eating disorders and provide endophenotypes for genetic research...

..Among men, genetic variation in noradrenergic signaling may interact with norepinephrine reuptake-inhibiting antidepressants, thereby contributing to suicidality...

..The authors performed a genome-wide association analysis of improvement of depression severity with two antidepressant drugs...

..The present report explores the moderation of antidepressant response by body weight to establish the specificity to antidepressant mode of action, type of depressive symptoms and gender...

..We investigated clinical and demographic characteristics associated with SA and tested the hypothesis that a history of suicide attempts predicts poor response to antidepressants...

..We hypothesised that the pharmacogenetic effect of 5-HTTLPR is modulated by gender, age and other variants in the serotonin transporter gene...

..While treatment with nortriptyline may be recommended in underweight subjects with typical neurovegetative symptoms, escitalopram is a suitable alternative for subjects at risk of weight gain...

..Our results are consistent with previous associations with GNB3 and emphasize the importance of signalling genes in antidepressant response...

..Insula hyperactivation along with ACC hypoactivation may be critical for altered interoceptive awareness to body self-comparison and/or for altered implicit motivation to thin-idealized body images in AN patients...

..To investigate whether subtypes of depression predict differential outcomes of treatment with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a tricyclic antidepressant in major depression...

..The medial prefrontal response to disease-specific stimuli may be related to trait vulnerability. Lateral and apical prefrontal involvement is associated with a good outcome...

..There is some evidence to suggest that SLEs prior to treatment are associated with greater cognitive symptoms at baseline and may therefore predict changes in these symptoms specifically...

..Patients with eating disorders favor immediate gratification and ignore long-term negative consequences. This study investigated decision making in bulimia nervosa using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and skin conductance responses (SCR)...

..We explore the individual trajectories of relative change in depression severity to establish what proportion of individuals experience early and late onset of improvement...

..SEM was used because it is sensitive to motivational states of approach (appetitive response) and withdrawal (aversive response), which are independent of conscious intentional control...

..Suicidal behaviour can be conceptualised as a continuum from suicidal ideation, to suicidal attempts to completed suicide. In this study we identify genes contributing to suicidal behaviour in the depression study RADIANT...

..We report on an integrative analysis from the Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study using gene expression from mice to inform prioritization in a human pharmacogenetic study...

..Brain networks associated with anxiety induced by self-comparison to slim images may be involved in the genesis of body dissatisfaction and hence with vulnerability to eating disorders...

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..K. and 1,594 comparison subjects screened negative for psychiatric disorders...

..Dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with craving. We investigated whether stimulation of the DLPFC reduces food craving in people with a bulimic-type eating disorder...

..The aim of the present study was to examine the interplay between the BDNF Val(66)Met polymorphism and stressful life events (SLEs) in bipolar disorder...

..The authors conducted the first meta-analysis to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and these clinically relevant measures of depression...

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..Gaps in evidence are identified that need to be bridged before knowledge about cause can inform cure in personalized psychiatry...

..We hypothesised that this latent vulnerability can manifest as reactivity of affect and self-esteem to experimentally induced experiences of success and failure and is shaped by history of childhood adversity...

..Decision making is impaired in female patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but it is unclear if the same impairment is present in male patients with AN...

..For example, epigenetic changes associated with diet and weight may be reversible and those associated with cognitive processes may be accessible to pharmacological interventions...

..To test the hypothesis that the socio-cultural transition in the 1990s in Eastern Europe was associated with an increase in admissions for eating disorders (ED)...

..Eating disorders can be triggered by life events involving migration and acculturation...

..This framework points to a need for a paradigm change in genetic research to enable major progress in elucidating the aetiology of mental illness...

..Attentional difficulties may be associated with duration of illness...

..We explore alternative categorization of outcome by naturally occurring trajectories of symptom change...

..These systematic relationships between method and results should be followed up to specify causal mechanisms leading to depression...

..The GWAS approach is also beginning to be applied in the search for genes that underlie suicidal ideation and behaviour...

..0003; p = 0.0012 Bonferroni corrected). In conclusion, we have demonstrated an association between CYP2C19 genotype, including the CYP2C19*17 allele, and steady state escitalopram concentration...

..The role of current social risk factors in moderating the impact of antidepressant medication has not previously been explored...

..97 (95% CI 0.91-0.98) to detect OCD cases. Its specificity is good in children without psychiatric diagnoses, but low in a psychiatric sample. The SOCS is a screening tool suitable for community but not specialist settings...

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..Consistencies and discrepancies among studies can be exploited for methodological analysis and model specification...

..Neither of these features are found in recovered AN. The association between impaired decision making ability and a decreased autonomic response is consistent with the predictions of the Somatic Marker Hypothesis...

..These results indicate that pathological personality features in AN are persistent traits, although some features may become exaggerated in the acute phase...

..These findings suggest that the dissection of etiological pathways to depression may provide the key to understanding and predicting response to antidepressants...

..When these confounders are accounted for, there probably is a real, if small, effect of 5-HTTLPR on response to both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and environmental adversity...

..To extend to biomarker studies the consensus clinical significance criterion of a three-point difference in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression...

..Gene-environment interactions including life events may therefore be important not only in the aetiology of depression, but also in predicting response to antidepressant medication...