K Rubia

Summary

Affiliation: King's College London
Country: UK

Publications

  1. ncbi The dynamic approach to neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders: use of fMRI combined with neuropsychology to elucidate the dynamics of psychiatric disorders, exemplified in ADHD and schizophrenia
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry Kings College, De Crespigny Park, London SE 8AF, UK
    Behav Brain Res 130:47-56. 2002
  2. ncbi Linear age-correlated functional development of right inferior fronto-striato-cerebellar networks during response inhibition and anterior cingulate during error-related processes
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 28:1163-77. 2007
  3. ncbi "Cool" inferior frontostriatal dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder versus "hot" ventromedial orbitofrontal-limbic dysfunction in conduct disorder: a review
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry Medical Research Council Center for Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
    Biol Psychiatry 69:e69-87. 2011
  4. ncbi Abnormal brain activation during inhibition and error detection in medication-naive adolescents with ADHD
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 162:1067-75. 2005
  5. ncbi Progressive increase of frontostriatal brain activation from childhood to adulthood during event-related tasks of cognitive control
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Hum Brain Mapp 27:973-93. 2006
  6. ncbi Performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on a test battery of impulsiveness
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK
    Child Neuropsychol 13:276-304. 2007
  7. ncbi Temporal lobe dysfunction in medication-naïve boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during attention allocation and its relation to response variability
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, United Kingdom
    Biol Psychiatry 62:999-1006. 2007
  8. ncbi Neuro-anatomic evidence for the maturational delay hypothesis of ADHD
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry/Medical Research Council Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Center (SGDP, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, SG DP PO46, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:19663-4. 2007
  9. ncbi Brain activation in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder during tasks of inhibitory control
    James Woolley
    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry PO 46, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Br J Psychiatry 192:25-31. 2008
  10. ncbi Dissociated functional brain abnormalities of inhibition in boys with pure conduct disorder and in boys with pure attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry MRC Center for Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 165:889-97. 2008

Detail Information

Publications55

  1. ncbi The dynamic approach to neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders: use of fMRI combined with neuropsychology to elucidate the dynamics of psychiatric disorders, exemplified in ADHD and schizophrenia
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry Kings College, De Crespigny Park, London SE 8AF, UK
    Behav Brain Res 130:47-56. 2002
    ..Comparisons between patient groups will be essential to address the specificity of neurocognitive mechanisms corresponding to specific neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders...
  2. ncbi Linear age-correlated functional development of right inferior fronto-striato-cerebellar networks during response inhibition and anterior cingulate during error-related processes
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 28:1163-77. 2007
    ..This study shows developmental specialization of the integrated function of right inferior prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum for inhibitory control and of anterior cingulate gyrus for error-related processes...
  3. ncbi "Cool" inferior frontostriatal dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder versus "hot" ventromedial orbitofrontal-limbic dysfunction in conduct disorder: a review
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry Medical Research Council Center for Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
    Biol Psychiatry 69:e69-87. 2011
    ..There is, hence, evidence for dissociated underlying pathophysiologies for these two disorders that may have implications for future anatomy-based differential diagnosis and prevention and intervention...
  4. ncbi Abnormal brain activation during inhibition and error detection in medication-naive adolescents with ADHD
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 162:1067-75. 2005
    ....
  5. ncbi Progressive increase of frontostriatal brain activation from childhood to adulthood during event-related tasks of cognitive control
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Hum Brain Mapp 27:973-93. 2006
    ..The findings suggest progressive maturation of task-specific frontostriatal and frontocortical networks for cognitive control functions in the transition from childhood to mid-adulthood...
  6. ncbi Performance of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on a test battery of impulsiveness
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK
    Child Neuropsychol 13:276-304. 2007
    ..The task battery as a whole showed 76% correct discrimination of cases and controls...
  7. ncbi Temporal lobe dysfunction in medication-naïve boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during attention allocation and its relation to response variability
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, United Kingdom
    Biol Psychiatry 62:999-1006. 2007
    ..Furthermore, we explore the relationship between the neural substrates of attention allocation and response variability, typically increased in patients...
  8. ncbi Neuro-anatomic evidence for the maturational delay hypothesis of ADHD
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry/Medical Research Council Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Center (SGDP, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, SG DP PO46, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:19663-4. 2007
  9. ncbi Brain activation in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder during tasks of inhibitory control
    James Woolley
    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry PO 46, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Br J Psychiatry 192:25-31. 2008
    ..Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be related to a dysfunction in frontostriatal pathways mediating inhibitory control. However, no functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study has tested this in children...
  10. ncbi Dissociated functional brain abnormalities of inhibition in boys with pure conduct disorder and in boys with pure attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry MRC Center for Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 165:889-97. 2008
    ....
  11. ncbi Disorder-specific dissociation of orbitofrontal dysfunction in boys with pure conduct disorder during reward and ventrolateral prefrontal dysfunction in boys with pure ADHD during sustained attention
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry MRC Center for Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry SGDP, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 166:83-94. 2009
    ....
  12. ncbi Shared and disorder-specific prefrontal abnormalities in boys with pure attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with pure CD during interference inhibition and attention allocation
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    J Child Psychol Psychiatry 50:669-78. 2009
    ..This study investigates differences and commonalities in functional neural networks mediating interference inhibition and attention allocation between medication-naïve children and adolescents with pure CD and those with pure ADHD...
  13. ncbi The neurobiology of Meditation and its clinical effectiveness in psychiatric disorders
    Katya Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King s College University London, UK
    Biol Psychol 82:1-11. 2009
    ....
  14. ncbi Impulsiveness as a timing disturbance: neurocognitive abnormalities in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder during temporal processes and normalization with methylphenidate
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry MRC Center for Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry SGDP, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, UK
    Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364:1919-31. 2009
    ....
  15. ncbi Methylphenidate normalises activation and functional connectivity deficits in attention and motivation networks in medication-naïve children with ADHD during a rewarded continuous performance task
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Neuropharmacology 57:640-52. 2009
    ....
  16. ncbi Disorder-specific dysfunction in right inferior prefrontal cortex during two inhibition tasks in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with obsessive-compulsive disorder
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 31:287-99. 2010
    ....
  17. ncbi Effects of age and sex on developmental neural networks of visual-spatial attention allocation
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, UK
    Neuroimage 51:817-27. 2010
    ....
  18. ncbi Disorder-specific inferior prefrontal hypofunction in boys with pure attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with pure conduct disorder during cognitive flexibility
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, MRC Center for Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 31:1823-33. 2010
    ..This study investigates disorder-specific functional abnormalities during cognitive flexibility between medication-naïve children and adolescents with noncomorbid CD and those with noncomorbid ADHD compared to healthy controls...
  19. ncbi Tryptophan depletion reduces right inferior prefrontal activation during response inhibition in fast, event-related fMRI
    Katya Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK
    Psychopharmacology (Berl) 179:791-803. 2005
    ....
  20. ncbi An fMRI study of reduced left prefrontal activation in schizophrenia during normal inhibitory function
    K Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Psychological Medicine, and Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK
    Schizophr Res 52:47-55. 2001
    ..Despite good task performance, patients with schizophrenia thus showed abnormal neural network patterns of reduced left prefrontal activation and increased subcortical activation when challenged with motor response inhibition...
  21. ncbi Functional frontalisation with age: mapping neurodevelopmental trajectories with fMRI
    K Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry King s College, University of London, UK
    Neurosci Biobehav Rev 24:13-9. 2000
    ..A significant age effect was found for the prefrontal activation in both task, confirming the hypothesis of a dysmaturational pathogenesis for the hypofrontality in ADHD...
  22. ncbi Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: a study with functional MRI
    K Rubia
    Medical Research Council Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kings College, London, U K
    Am J Psychiatry 156:891-6. 1999
    ....
  23. ncbi Mapping motor inhibition: conjunctive brain activations across different versions of go/no-go and stop tasks
    K Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Neuroimage 13:250-61. 2001
    ....
  24. ncbi Right inferior prefrontal cortex mediates response inhibition while mesial prefrontal cortex is responsible for error detection
    Katya Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Neuroimage 20:351-8. 2003
    ..Failure to inhibit was associated with activation in mesial frontopolar and bilateral inferior parietal cortices, presumably reflecting an attention network for error detection...
  25. ncbi Motor timing deficits in community and clinical boys with hyperactive behavior: the effect of methylphenidate on motor timing
    Katya Rubia
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, United Kingdom
    J Abnorm Child Psychol 31:301-13. 2003
    ....
  26. ncbi The neural correlates of cognitive time management: a review
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
    Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 64:329-40. 2004
    ..The review shows that the same brain regions are involved in both motor timing and time estimation, suggesting that both functions are probably inseparable and mediated by common neural networks...
  27. ncbi Neuropsychological analyses of impulsiveness in childhood hyperactivity
    K Rubia
    MRC Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Br J Psychiatry 179:138-43. 2001
    ..Neuropsychological analyses of impulsiveness are needed to refine assessment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...
  28. ncbi Task-specific hypoactivation in prefrontal and temporoparietal brain regions during motor inhibition and task switching in medication-naive children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    Anna B Smith
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, SE5 8AF, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 163:1044-51. 2006
    ..Furthermore, functional abnormalities are task-specific and extend from frontostriatal to parietal and temporal cortices...
  29. ncbi Synchronization, anticipation, and consistency in motor timing of children with dimensionally defined attention deficit hyperactivity behaviour
    K Rubia
    MRC Child Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London
    Percept Mot Skills 89:1237-58. 1999
    ..Hyperactive children were more inconsistent than controls in maintaining a freely chosen tapping rhythm, in synchronizing and in anticipating their motor response to external visual stimulation...
  30. ncbi Sex-dependent age modulation of frontostriatal and temporo-parietal activation during cognitive control
    Anastasia Christakou
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, Box P046, De Crespigny Park SE5 8AF, UK
    Neuroimage 48:223-36. 2009
    ..Gender differences in frontal and parietal recruitment may thus be related to gender differences in the neurofunctional maturation of these brain regions...
  31. ncbi Inhibitory dysfunction in hyperactive boys
    K Rubia
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
    Behav Brain Res 94:25-32. 1998
    ..Furthermore, the go-process of the hyperactives was more variable and erratic in both tasks. Thus, the results strengthen the effectiveness of stop tasks in distinguishing hyperactive from normal children...
  32. ncbi Exploring the social brain in schizophrenia: left prefrontal underactivation during mental state attribution
    T A Russell
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    Am J Psychiatry 157:2040-2. 2000
    ..The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia have a dysfunction in brain regions responsible for mental state attribution...
  33. ncbi Neural correlates of executive function in autistic spectrum disorders
    Nicole Schmitz
    Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Brain Maturation, Institute of Psychiatry, King College London, UK
    Biol Psychiatry 59:7-16. 2006
    ..However, to date, no functional imaging study on ASD has investigated inhibition and cognitive flexibility and no one has related EF brain activation to brain structure...
  34. ncbi Total red blood cell concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids are associated with emotion-elicited neural activity in adolescent boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    Rachel V Gow
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, PO Box 85, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE58AF, UK
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 80:151-6. 2009
    ....
  35. ncbi Disorder-specific dysfunctions in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder during interference inhibition and attention allocation
    Katya Rubia
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, UK
    Hum Brain Mapp 32:601-11. 2011
    ..The aim of this study was to investigate disorder-specific abnormalities in neural networks mediating interference inhibition and selective attention...
  36. ncbi Right ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices mediate adaptive decisions under ambiguity by integrating choice utility and outcome evaluation
    Anastasia Christakou
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
    J Neurosci 29:11020-8. 2009
    ..These findings provide functional evidence of the underlying processes by which these prefrontal subregions drive adaptive choice in the task, namely through contingency-sensitive outcome evaluation...
  37. ncbi A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of inhibitory control in obsessive-compulsive disorder
    Lisa A Page
    King s College London, Division of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Room 3 14, Weston Education Centre, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
    Psychiatry Res 174:202-9. 2009
    ..OCD is associated with task-relevant fronto-striatal dysfunction during motor inhibition and cognitive switching. In addition, parieto-temporal dysfunction was observed during tasks with a higher attentional load...
  38. ncbi Reduced activation and inter-regional functional connectivity of fronto-striatal networks in adults with childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and persisting symptoms during tasks of motor inhibition and cognitive switching
    Ana Cubillo
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London SE5 8AF, UK
    J Psychiatr Res 44:629-39. 2010
    ..This suggests that neuro-functional abnormalities in ADHD patients are likely to continue between childhood and early adulthood...
  39. ncbi Structural and functional brain imaging in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    Ana Cubillo
    Department of Child Psychiatry SGDP, P046, Institute of Psychiatry, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
    Expert Rev Neurother 10:603-20. 2010
    ....
  40. ncbi Reduced activation in lateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate during attention and cognitive control functions in medication-naïve adolescents with depression compared to controls
    Rozmin Halari
    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
    J Child Psychol Psychiatry 50:307-16. 2009
    ..This study investigated whether medication-naïve adolescents with MDD show abnormal brain activation of fronto-striatal and fronto-cingulate networks when performing tasks of attentional and cognitive control...
  41. ncbi A right hemispheric frontocerebellar network for time discrimination of several hundreds of milliseconds
    Anna Smith
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
    Neuroimage 20:344-50. 2003
    ..We conclude that right DLPFC, rather than having a purely working memory function, might be more centrally involved in time perception than previously thought...
  42. ncbi 5-HT, prefrontal function and aging: fMRI of inhibition and acute tryptophan depletion
    Melissa Lamar
    Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, London, UK
    Neurobiol Aging 30:1135-46. 2009
    ..Maintaining successful Simon performance during ATD is achieved by increasing cerebellar and parietal contributions to compensate for decreased fronto-cingulo-striatal involvement...
  43. ncbi The neural basis of response inhibition and attention allocation as mediated by gestational age
    Emma J Lawrence
    Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 30:1038-50. 2009
    ....
  44. ncbi Evidence for a pure time perception deficit in children with ADHD
    Anna Smith
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
    J Child Psychol Psychiatry 43:529-42. 2002
    ..The aim of this study was to explore further the abilities of hyperactive children in skills of time estimation, using a range of time perception tasks in different temporal domains...
  45. ncbi Altered functional neuroanatomy of response inhibition in adolescent males who were born very preterm
    Chiara Nosarti
    Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
    Dev Med Child Neurol 48:265-71. 2006
    ....
  46. ncbi Neural basis of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol: effects during response inhibition
    Stefan J Borgwardt
    Section of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, United Kingdom
    Biol Psychiatry 64:966-73. 2008
    ..This study examined the effect of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on brain activation during a motor inhibition task...
  47. ncbi Reduced activation in right lateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate gyrus in medication-naïve adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during time discrimination
    Anna B Smith
    Centre for Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King s College, London, UK
    J Child Psychol Psychiatry 49:977-85. 2008
    ..We investigated the neuro-anatomical substrates mediating fine temporal discrimination in adolescents with ADHD compared with controls, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)...
  48. ncbi Neural correlates of switching set as measured in fast, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging
    Anna B Smith
    Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
    Hum Brain Mapp 21:247-56. 2004
    ..We conclude that left DLPFC activation is involved directly in cognitive switching, in conjunction with parietal and temporal brain regions. Pre- and postcentral gyrus activation may be related to motor components of switching set...
  49. ncbi Timing of covert articulation: an fMRI study
    S S Shergill
    CSI Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
    Neuropsychologia 44:2573-7. 2006
    ..Modality specific activation in the right temporal cortex may have reflected the involvement of this region in auditory-verbal processing...
  50. ncbi Heterozygous PAX6 mutation, adult brain structure and fronto-striato-thalamic function in a human family
    Zoë Ellison-Wright
    Institute of Psychiatry, King s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
    Eur J Neurosci 19:1505-12. 2004
    ..Highly conserved homeobox genes may be critical for normal ontogenesis of large-scale neurocognitive networks supporting phylogenetically advanced mental functions...
  51. ncbi Atomoxetine modulates right inferior frontal activation during inhibitory control: a pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging study
    Samuel R Chamberlain
    Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Biol Psychiatry 65:550-5. 2009
    ..However, the mechanisms by which atomoxetine improves inhibitory control have yet to be determined...
  52. ncbi Conduct problems in adolescence: three domains of inhibition and effect of gender
    Catherine M Herba
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center Sophia Children s Hospital, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
    Dev Neuropsychol 30:659-95. 2006
    ....
  53. ncbi Neural correlates of reward in autism
    Nicole Schmitz
    Amsterdam Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Br J Psychiatry 192:19-24. 2008
    ..However, no reported in vivo brain imaging studies have investigated reward mechanisms in autistic-spectrum disorder...
  54. ncbi Frontal lobe structure and executive function in migraine patients
    Nicole Schmitz
    Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
    Neurosci Lett 440:92-6. 2008
    ..Frontal and parietal lobe abnormalities in migraineurs could be an underlying cause of significantly slower response time during cognitive set-shifting...
  55. ncbi Towards an understanding of unique and shared pathways in the psychopathophysiology of ADHD
    Tobias Banaschewski
    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Gottingen, Von Siebold Str 5, D 37075 Gottingen, Germany
    Dev Sci 8:132-40. 2005
    ....