Rifaximin, a nonabsorbed oral antibiotic, prevents shigellosis after experimental challengeDavid N Taylor
Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
Clin Infect Dis 42:1283-8. 2006
..This double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the nonabsorbed oral antibiotic rifaximin to prevent shigellosis in volunteers challenged with Shigella flexneri...
- A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of rifaximin compared with placebo and with ciprofloxacin in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea
David N Taylor
Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Morrisville, North Carolina, USA
Am J Trop Med Hyg 74:1060-6. 2006
..35 versus rifaximin). Rifaximin was less effective than ciprofloxacin for invasive intestinal bacterial pathogens. Oral rifaximin is a safe and effective treatment of travelers' diarrhea caused by noninvasive pathogens...
- Poorly absorbed antibiotics for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea
David N Taylor
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
Clin Infect Dis 41:S564-70. 2005
..More research is warranted to delineate the effects of poorly absorbed antibiotics in invasive infection and to assess the potential for the development of bacterial resistance...
- Systemic pharmacokinetics of rifaximin in volunteers with shigellosis
David N Taylor
Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52:1179-81. 2008
..Peak plasma rifaximin concentrations were low after nine consecutive doses, and no accumulation was observed. Rifaximin serum levels were minimal and similar to those previously reported in studies of healthy volunteers...
- Safety and immunogenicity of WRSd1, a live attenuated Shigella dysenteriae type 1 vaccine candidate
Robin McKenzie
Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Vaccine 26:3291-6. 2008
..Days of fecal shedding of the vaccine strain, but not dose ingested, correlated with stronger immune responses. These results suggest that to be effective an attenuated Shigella vaccine must colonize well...
- Comparative evaluation of the antibody in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays for measuring mucosal immune responses to Shigella antigens
Andrea J Feller
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
Vaccine 29:8487-9. 2011
..Based on these observations, the ALS assay is a practical and flexible alternative to ELISPOT for measuring mucosal IgA responses to Shigella LPS antigen...
- Serum IgG antibody response to the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis induced by anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) among U.S. military personnel
Darrell E Singer
Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Military HIV Research Program, Rockville, MD, USA
Vaccine 26:869-73. 2008
..95 microg/mL and 45.5%, respectively. The forth dose elicited 100% seroconversion compared to the pre-immunization level. These results should facilitate comparison between different immunization schedules and new vaccines...
- Phase I evaluation of delta virG Shigella sonnei live, attenuated, oral vaccine strain WRSS1 in healthy adults
Karen L Kotloff
Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
Infect Immun 70:2016-21. 2002
..We conclude that WRSS1 vaccine is remarkably immunogenic in doses ranging from 10(3) to 10(6) CFU but elicits clinical reactions that must be assessed in further volunteer trials...
- Rifaximin treatment of pathogen-negative travelers' diarrhea
Herbert L DuPont
Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
J Travel Med 14:16-9. 2007
..Antibacterial drugs appear to be effective in shortening the illness of a majority of cases of travelers' diarrhea...
- Oral immunization of adult volunteers with microencapsulated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) CS6 antigen
David E Katz
Department of Enteric Infections, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 7500, USA
Vaccine 21:341-6. 2003
..unpublished data]. Further studies are underway to determine whether these immune responses are sufficient for protection...
- Growth slowing after acute Helicobacter pylori infection is age-dependent
Douglas J Passaro
Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, California, USA
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 35:522-6. 2002
..Most infections occur during childhood, but the health effects of childhood infection are poorly understood. We investigated whether growth decreases in the 2 months after acute seroconversion...
- Treatment of travelers' diarrhea: randomized trial comparing rifaximin, rifaximin plus loperamide, and loperamide alone
Herbert L DuPont
Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:451-6. 2007
..This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of rifaximin-loperamide in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea...
- Randomized, controlled human challenge study of the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of a single dose of Peru-15, a live attenuated oral cholera vaccine
Mitchell B Cohen
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
Infect Immun 70:1965-70. 2002
..This vaccine may therefore be a safe and effective tool to prevent cholera in travelers and is a strong candidate for further evaluation to prevent cholera in an area where cholera is endemic...
- Evaluation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Ty2 aroC-ssaV-) M01ZH09, with a defined mutation in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2, as a live, oral typhoid vaccine in human volunteers
B D Kirkpatrick
University of Vermont College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, 95 Carrigan Drive, 110 Stafford Building, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
Vaccine 24:116-23. 2006
..The SPI-2 mutant vaccine, M01ZH09, is a promising typhoid vaccine candidate and deserves further study as a vectoring system for heterologous vaccine antigens...
- Immunogenicity and tolerance of ascending doses of a recombinant protective antigen (rPA102) anthrax vaccine: a randomized, double-blinded, controlled, multicenter trial
Geoffrey J Gorse
Saint Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center and St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
Vaccine 24:5950-9. 2006
..The TNA response after two injections of the 75 microg dose of rPA102 was similar to the response after two injections of AVA. The third rPA102 vaccination substantially increased the antibody response...
- Two studies evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a live, attenuated Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine (SC602) and excretion of vaccine organisms in North American volunteers
David E Katz
Department of Enteric Infections, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-7500, USA
Infect Immun 72:923-30. 2004
..Infect. Immun. 67:3437-3443, 1999), have demonstrated that SC602 is a substantially attenuated candidate vaccine that can evoke protection against the most severe symptoms of shigellosis in a stringent human challenge model of disease...
- Safety and immunogenicity of a prototype enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine administered transcutaneously
Fernando Güereña-Burgueño
Department of Enteric Infections, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 7500, USA
Infect Immun 70:1874-80. 2002
..The data suggest that an ETEC vaccine for travelers delivered by a patch may be a viable approach worthy of further evaluation...
