Peter Lindholm

..57 +/- 0.20 (n = 11). Breath-hold diving with empty lungs to shallow depths can induce hemoptysis in healthy subjects. Edema was possibly present in the lower airways, as suggested by reduced dynamic spirometry...

..This descriptive paper shows a relatively high incidence of disqualifications due to signs of hypoxia in breath-hold competitions 1998-2004...

..The potential for high nitrogen pressure in the lungs to cause decompression sickness and N(2) narcosis is also illuminated...

..As apnea induces a peripheral vasoconstriction, we hypothesized that it would be better to measure hypoxia using more centrally placed ear lobe oximetry probes rather than peripheral finger probes...

..The lower O(2) level at breakpoint during fasting suggests that breath holding may be less safe during fasting; the increased risk may be mitigated by ingestion of carbohydrates before breath holding...

..To evaluate whether children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II were able to learn glossopharyngeal pistoning for lung insufflation (GI), and to evaluate the effects of GI on pulmonary function and chest expansion...

..This suggests that elevated lipid metabolism may constitute a risk factor in connection with breath-holding during swimming and diving...

..However, hypoxemia augments the HR and TPR responses and may limit the MAP response to apnea by preventing a bradycardia-associated increase of SV...

..It is also concluded that the health requirements for competitive breath-hold diving should follow essentially the same standards as used for SCUBA-diving...

..To investigate whether sessions of glossopharyngeal pistoning (GP) to lung volumes exceeding maximum inspiratory capacity in a group of extremely well-trained elite swimmers would affect maximum lung volumes and buoyancies...

..During both maneuvers, when the larynx is in its highest position, the epiglottis does not fold back, unlike what happens during swallowing...

..8 atmospheres absolute (ATA), while retaining the option of a direct decompression and exit...

..The changes in hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tissue registered by the NIRS monitor when switching from air to oxygen followed inspired PO(2) under normobaric and hyperbaric conditions...

..The low FiO2 would also put a diver at risk of hypoxia at shallow depths. It is concluded that inadequate information on the performance of the rebreather was a major contributing factor to this accident...

..e., enlarged vessels during GE. MRI also showed an invagination of the posterior wall of the trachea, in connection with GE in certain subjects...

..We conclude that weightlessness appears to be protective against DCI and that exhaled NO is not likely to be useful to monitor VGE...

..We conclude that cardiovascular responses to apnoea contribute significantly to reducing pulmonary O(2) uptake during apnoea in exercising men...

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..One subject experienced a loss of motor control during the competition. We suggest that mental stress in humans, caused here by a competitive situation, leads to an increase in the heart rate during apnea...

..RRMT 3 or 5 days per week can be recommended to divers to improve both respiratory and fin swimming endurance, effects which can be maintained with RRMT twice weekly...

..The severity of hypoxia close to LOC was similar to that reported for acute hypobaric hypoxia in humans...

..If the present results are verified, RMT may be an effective means of enhancing safety in CO2 retaining divers...

..We conclude that the lungs of some healthy individuals are able to withstand repeated inflation to transpulmonary pressures far greater than those to which they would normally be exposed...