Anders Bjorkman

..The impact of the scale-up of insecticide-treated nets (ITN), indoor-residual spraying (IRS) and artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) combined on malaria burden was assessed at six out of seven in-patient health facilities...

..The group recommended non-selective prescribing of chemoprophylaxis for visitors to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka should be dropped...

..The outcomes of this distribution among children under five were evaluated, four to nine months after implementation...

..Early switch to artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT) represents such a critical and urgent strategy...

..Interpretation of PCR-adjusted results will significantly depend on methodology...

..Our work unveils new candidate markers of P. falciparum multidrug resistance in vitro, while contributing to the understanding of subjacent genetic complexity, essential for future evidence-based drug policy decisions...

..Identification of drug-specific parasite determinants that contribute to treatment failures will provide important tools for the detection and surveillance of AL resistance...

..e. pfmdr1 gene amplification, pfmdr1 Y184F, S1034C, N1042D, D1246Y, pfcrt S163R and PfATP6 S769N...

..Our data suggest for the first time, to our knowledge, the involvement of pfMRP1 in P. falciparum in vivo response to ACT...

..Alternative mechanisms for antipyretic effects and associations between fever and cytokine levels during uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria are therefore discussed...

..Children who were 9-59 months of age and who weighted > or =9 kg were randomly assigned to receive either ASAQ or AL for 3 days in standard doses. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed...

..falciparum multidrug resistance protein homologue in the antimalarial activity of SP. Moreover, they add to the growing evidence of the potential importance of Pfmrp1 in antimalarial drug resistance...

..In conclusion our findings show that PfATP6 is a more diverse gene than previously demonstrated. This natural variation may constitute a starting ground for artemisinin-driven progressive selection of resistant parasites...

....

..However, treatment failure rate and spread of pfmdr1 SNPs may remain at a low level because of the suggested opposite selection by ART and the pharmacodynamic advantages with ACT...

..The baseline susceptibilities of the parasites to individual drugs were similar before and after recrudescence in all experiments...

..To estimate caretaker adherence to co-blistered, but not co-formulated, artesunate-amodiaquine (AsAq) for uncomplicated malaria and identify factors associated with caretaker adherence...

..020). pfmdr1 86Y was also selected for, but only in recrudescent infections (p=0.048). The study showed high prevalence of AQ resistant parasites in vivo, which appeared to be associated to pfcrt 76T and pfmdr1 86Y...

..However, cellular mechanisms related with metabolic activity have also been seen in eukaryotic systems, e.g. cancer cells. Recent observations suggest that such mechanism may occur in P. falciparum...

..This points to 86N as a potential marker of lumefantrine resistance in vivo, while suggesting that Coartem is not robust enough to avoid selection of resistance-associated mutations in some malarial settings...

..Our aim was to determine the current prevalence of pfmdr1 gene amplifications and a possible association between pfmdr1 gene copy number and amodiaquine treatment outcome in Kenya...

..We investigated temporal trends in Plasmodium falciparum prevalence and malaria-related health parameters following the implementation of these two malaria control interventions in Zanzibar...

..Socio-economic factors associated with WTP and expectations on anti-malaria drugs, including ACT, were also explored...

..The impact of microscopy-based versus clinical-based diagnosis of childhood malaria was assessed at primary health care (PHC) facilities using a cluster randomized controlled training intervention trial...

..This study aimed to explore Plasmodium falciparum population dynamics during the early phase of anti-malarial drug treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy in children with clinical malaria in a high transmission area in Africa...

..The genotypes detected in one pre-treatment sample thus appear to reflect the parasite subpopulations of the clinical malaria infection during the following days, and additional sampling does not provide any additional information...

..Ten (10.1%) subjects were predicted to be low metabolizers simultaneously for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. This fraction of the population is suggested to be under higher exposure to certain antimalarials, including lumefantrine and quinine...

..001) and similarly in the four treatment groups between days 0, 2, and 3. Thus, the addition of chloroquine or paracetamol to SP improved the clinical outcome, but did not affect the parasitologic response or antibody production...

..We conclude that the effectiveness of Malarone is due to the synergism between atovaquone and proguanil and may not require the presence of cycloguanil...

..The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of resistance associated genetic polymorphisms in P. falciparum and P. vivax collected in Honduras...

..This study highlights the low HIV-disclosure rate to children of HIV-infected African immigrant parents and the importance of support from social workers...

....

..Chemoprophylaxis reduces the number of infecting clones and selects for resistant parasites as shown for proguanil through mutations in the dhfr gene...

....