Jordi Sunyer

..Evidence in humans, however, is contradictory. In neonates and adults from a population historically highly exposed to HCB (Flix, Catalonia, Spain), no relation with PCT or with porphyrin excretion was found...

..Our aim was to study the association between prenatal levels of DDE and lower respiratory tract infection in infants independently from polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other organochlorines...

..Multiple environmental pre-natal exposures were associated with neurodevelopment independently of their role in the immunological system. Atopic genes related to neurodevelopment suggest some potential mechanisms...

..Early-life exposure to air pollution from indoor gas appliances may be negatively associated with neuropsychological development through the first 4 years of life, particularly among genetically susceptible children...

..Traffic-related air pollution is related with asthma, and this association may be modified by genetic factors...

..77; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-6.46). Our data support the idea that several patterns of wheezing with different risk profiles exist among young children. The effect of Fel d1 exposure varied according to age and maternal asthma...

..However, these results should be taken with caution because the differences of the gender averages have low statistically significance when evaluated with the Student test...

..We hypothesized that genetic variability in glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1) could influence the effects of prenatal exposure to p,p'-DDT...

..Breastfeeding has been associated with improved neurodevelopment in children. However, it remains unknown to what extent nutritional advantages of breast milk may explain this relationship...

..DDE was not associated with atopy alone. Prenatal exposure to DDE residues may contribute to development of asthma...

..Professional use of hypochlorite (bleach) has been associated with respiratory symptoms. Bleach is capable of inactivating allergens, and there are indications that its domestic use may reduce the risk of allergies in children...

..Children with higher cognitive function in early life might be at decreased risk of overweight later in childhood...

..30 (standard error, 0.12) per week breastfed). Despite the possibility of harm from environmental contaminants in breast milk, breastfeeding for long periods should still be recommended as the best infant feeding method...

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..Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is an organochlorine chemical that has been used in agriculture and industrial processes. Behavioral impairment after HCB exposure has been described in animal models, but little information is available in humans...

..We assessed whether maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) levels during pregnancy and CRP gene variations are associated with wheezing and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in offspring...

..The congener mixtures found in Menorca could reflect a diet contribution from some western Mediterranean fish species. These results provide baseline information on prenatal OHC background levels in the Mediterranean area...

..This influence is reflected in higher exposure, both in utero and in the first years of growth, that significantly stands out over the background contamination due to the ubiquity of these compounds...

..To investigate the incidence rate, viral respiratory agents and determinants of lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTIs) in infants younger than 1 year...

..The aim of this study is to investigate the association between modeled background levels of traffic-related air pollution at the subjects' home addresses and self-reported asthma incidence in a European adult population...

..8). Iodine intake and UIC did not affect the association between OCs and thyroid hormones. Our results indicate that exposure to OCs during pregnancy can alter TH levels...

..Few studies have used longitudinal ultrasound measurements to assess the effect of traffic-related air pollution on fetal growth...

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..We aimed at analysing the association of individual urinary porphyrins with the serum concentrations of HCB and other organochlorine compounds in this highly exposed population...

..Recently, an association was reported between prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phones and neurobehavioral problems in children at the age of 7 years...

..We aim to assess the association between indoor NO(2) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) during the first year of life in a multicentre prospective cohort study...

..These results should be considered when evaluating the risk and benefits of spraying DDT during antimalaria and other disease-vector campaigns...

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..We therefore aimed to estimate the relative and attributable risks of new-onset asthma in relation to occupations, work-related exposures, and inhalation accidents...

..The observed increases of average body burden of total PBDEs between birth and the first 4 years of growth were 65 and 10 ng for breastfed and formula fed children, respectively...

..The objectives of this study are to describe the variations in annoyance due to air pollution in Europe and its individual and environmental determinants...

..Our aim is to assess changes between ETS exposure at the end of pregnancy and at 4 years of age determined by the parents' self-report and measurement of cotinine in age related biological matrices...

..To determine whether prenatal exposure to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) has potential adverse effects on child's weight and body mass index (BMI) in a general population with no local pollution sources...

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..We examined the association of maternal iodine intake and supplementation with thyroid function before 24 weeks of gestation in population-based samples from 3 different areas in Spain...

..There is growing evidence that traffic-related air pollution reduces birth weight. Improving exposure assessment is a key issue to advance in this research area...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate iodine status and to examine the main sources of iodine in pregnant women from an apparently iodine-sufficient area...

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..Parental factors are proposed as an explanatory. We studied the influence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms on the cognition effects induced by active maternal smoking during pregnancy...

..Personal NO(2) levels were found to be strongly influenced by indoor NO(2) concentrations. The study supports the use of time-activity patterns along with indoor measurements to predict personal exposure to traffic-related air pollution...

..Reported folic acid supplement use during pregnancy was associated with improved neurodevelopment in children after adjusting for a number of sociodemographic and behavioural factors...

..Few studies have investigated their correlation - none in Spain - and results differ among cities...

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..We assess which behavioural areas (executive function, social competence, attention behaviour and hyperactivity) are related to long-term breast-feeding in young children...

..Infants are often identified as a population that is vulnerable to extreme heat conditions; however, information on heat and infant mortality is scarce, with no studies reporting on cause-specific mortality...

..In both populations, the results showed that a major proportion of the organochlorine compounds present in these children's serum at 4 years of age was incorporated during the lactation period...

..Oligomenorrhea was associated with more asthma (Respiratory Health in Northern Europe study), but a possible association with lung function has not been investigated previously...

..Because concerns are emerging for neurodevelopmental effects of air pollutants, we examined the relationship between indoor gas cooking during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment...

..These models will be used to study the association between prenatal exposure to air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes and early childhhod effects in the cohort...

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..Occupational exposures to vapors, gas, dust, or fumes have been shown to be a risk factor of airway obstruction in cross-sectional studies in the general population...

..3 (43.1, 829.5)) or lived close to a major green space (Regression coefficient (95% CI)) of 189.8 (23.9, 355.7)). Our findings suggest a beneficial effect of exposure to green spaces on birth weight only in the lowest SEP group...

..Although it has been hypothesized that fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may increase obesity risk, empirical data are limited, and it is uncertain how early in life any effects may begin...

..We assessed whether maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations in pregnancy are associated with risk of lower respiratory tract infections, wheezing, and asthma in the offspring...

..Objectives: We investigated the impact of maternal short-term exposure to extreme ambient heat on the length of pregnancy...

..However, these specific exposure risks should be interpreted in connection with the whole of concomitant exposures constituting the work environment...

..Chemical exposure caused neurocognitive impairment, and SPECT brain dysfunction particularly in odor-processing areas, thereby suggesting a neurogenic origin of MCS...

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..To date, only one study has examined whether smoking in the first trimester only, which is not associated with birth weight, is also associated with childhood overweight...

..Overall, we conclude that levels of mercury in Spain are among the highest in the non-exposed populations probably because of the relatively high fish consumption...

..Air pollution effects on children's neurodevelopment have recently been suggested to occur most likely through the oxidative stress pathway...

..Phthalate and phenol exposure is prevalent among the general population and of potential concern for pregnant women and children because of their suspected susceptibility to endocrine effects...

..The absence of central heating was also associated with higher NO2 concentrations. Finally, each ppb increase in outdoor NO2 was associated with a 1% increase in indoor concentrations...

..Findings were homogeneous across all centres. These results suggest that lung diseases that cause wheezing are generally associated with impaired lung function...

..Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive...

..8 and 0.5 days respectively). Our findings were not suggestive for any adverse effect of Saharan dust episodes on our included pregnancy complications and outcomes...

..To estimate the health and economic benefits that would result from two scenarios of improved air quality in 57 municipalities of the metropolitan area of Barcelona...

..Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to PAH is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Other than tobacco smoke and occupational exposures, diet is the main source of human PAH exposure...

..In the light of current evidence a precautionary approach towards PBDE exposure of both mothers and children seems warranted...

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..There are few data available in our community regarding the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection in the general population...

..Information on the role of parasites in this context is limited. Bronchiolitis in infancy has been linked with asthmatic symptoms later in childhood, although the underlying cause of this association is unknown...

..Whether nonpneumoconiotic silica-exposed coal miners develop radiologically recognizable pleural changes was studied...

..As a secondary objective, intakes were evaluated relative to current dietary recommendations for pregnant women...

..26 among breast feeders, and 1.95 of p,p'-DDE vs 6.00 (P<0.05)). Long-term breastfeeding leads to a dose-response increase of the concentrations in children's serum during the first year of life...

..Spain's PTS-related problems are similar to those of many other countries. Elucidation of their causes, consequences, and possible solutions will be of benefit beyond national boundaries...

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..The heterogeneity found in the different city-specific relations reflects real effect modification, which can be explained partly by factors characterizing the air pollution mix, climate, and the health of the population...

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..This study assessed the independent association of smoking with respiratory symptoms and lung function in young adults who took part in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS-I)...

..Pregnant women are being assessed at 12, 20 and 32 weeks of gestation to collect information about environmental exposures and fetal growth. The children will be followed until the age of 4 years...

..Allergy is believed to vary by month of birth, but multinational studies taking into account latitude have not been conducted...

..The few prospective studies aimed at assessing the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in relation to the presence of chronic cough/phlegm have produced contrasting results...

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..The general characteristics of the network and a description of the current situation of each one of the cohorts are provided in this study...

..This could reflect either a decrease in sensitization with aging or a higher prevalence of sensitization in more recent birth cohorts...

..Finally, chronic exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy, assessed by maternal hair nicotine, correlated negatively with anthropometric parameters of newborns...

..To examine smoking habits before and during pregnancy, as well as factors associated with smoking cessation, in three European settings...

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..Although residual confounding may have occurred, our results suggest that occupational exposure to SO(2) in the pulp and paper industry may be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer...

..We assessed changes in the prevalence of asthma after a period of 9 to 10 years in a cohort of young adults in the Spanish arm of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS)...

..779 (0.203) for children from RE1). In conclusion, local sources other than seafood contribute significantly to MeHg content in hair in the two Ribera d'Ebre subgroups...

..Factors associated with compliance with smoke-free policies among hospitalized smokers are poorly described. A better understanding of these factors may improve smoking cessation during admission and in the long-term...