Research Topics
| Heather J ZarSummaryAffiliation: University of Cape Town Country: South Africa Publications
| Collaborators
|
Detail Information
Publications
Failure of chemoprophylaxis with standard antituberculosis agents in child contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis casesDarryl B Sneag
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
Pediatr Infect Dis J 26:1142-6. 2007..Current guidelines of World Health Organization suggest that isoniazid (INH), the standard first-line chemoprophylaxis, be used for those exposed to MDR-TB...- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine--a health priorityHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital and University of Cape Town
S Afr Med J 98:463-7. 2008..Widespread availability and vaccination with PCV is urgently needed for all children under 2 years of age in South Africa. In addition, the use of PCV for all HIV-infected children under 9 years should be prioritised... - Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children: new advancesHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 8:277-88. 2010..Greater efforts to obtain a microbiologic diagnosis should be made in children, even in primary care settings. Further research to develop a more accurate, cost-effective and simple diagnostic test for childhood TB is urgently needed... - A randomized controlled trial of intermittent compared with daily cotrimoxazole preventive therapy in HIV-infected childrenHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
AIDS 24:2225-32. 2010..We investigated the efficacy and tolerability of intermittent CPT compared with daily CPT in HIV-infected children over a 5-year period... - Improved detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in upper and lower respiratory tract specimens from children with suspected pneumocystis pneumonia using real-time PCR: a prospective studyCatherine M Samuel
Division of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa
BMC Infect Dis 11:329. 2011..The main objectives of the study was (1) to compare the diagnostic yield of PCR with immunofluorescence (IF) and (2) to investigate the usefulness of upper compared to lower respiratory tract samples for diagnosing PCP in children... - High incidence of antimicrobial resistant organisms including extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nasopharyngeal and blood isolates of HIV-infected children from Cape Town, SouthMark F Cotton
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town South Africa
BMC Infect Dis 8:40. 2008.... - Chronic lung disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected childrenHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Pulmonol 43:1-10. 2008..Preventative strategies include immunization, chemoprophylaxis, and micronutrient supplementation. Early use of HAART may prevent the development of chronic lung disease... - Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children--what's new?Heather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital and University of Cape Town
S Afr Med J 97:983-5. 2007 - Child lung health: a global concern. An introduction to the seriesHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Pulmonol 42:1085-6. 2007 - Reversion and conversion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis IFN-gamma ELISpot results during anti-tuberculous treatment in HIV-infected childrenTom G Connell
Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
BMC Infect Dis 10:138. 2010..The kinetics of IFN-gamma responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens in HIV-infected children during treatment have not however been previously investigated... - Outcome of HIV-exposed uninfected children undergoing surgeryJonathan S Karpelowsky
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
BMC Pediatr 11:69. 2011..The aim of this study was to investigate the morbidity and mortality of HIVe compared to both HIVn and HIV-infected (HIVi) children after a general surgical procedure... - Adherence to isoniazid prophylaxis among HIV-infected children: a randomized controlled trial comparing two dosing schedulesStanzi M le Roux
School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
BMC Med 7:67. 2009..We investigated adherence to isoniazid prophylaxis administered daily, compared to three times a week, and predictors of adherence amongst HIV-infected children... - Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for microbiological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis in infants and young children: a prospective studyHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Lancet 365:130-4. 2005..We aimed to compare the yield of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from repeated induced sputum with that from gastric lavage in young children from an area with a high rate of HIV and tuberculosis... - Bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Cape Town, South AfricaDavid M le Roux
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Infect Dis J 30:904-6. 2011..Children should be prioritized for early cART... - Prevalence and outcome of cytomegalovirus-associated pneumonia in relation to human immunodeficiency virus infectionMarco Zampoli
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Infect Dis J 30:413-7. 2011..To investigate the antemortem prevalence and outcome of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated pneumonia in African children... - Effect of isoniazid prophylaxis on mortality and incidence of tuberculosis in children with HIV: randomised controlled trialHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
BMJ 334:136. 2007..To investigate the impact of isoniazid prophylaxis on mortality and incidence of tuberculosis in children with HIV... - Detection of tuberculosis in HIV-infected children using an enzyme-linked immunospot assayMary Ann Davies
Red Cross Children s Hospital, School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
AIDS 23:961-9. 2009..To evaluate an enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children with suspected TB and to compare the performance of ELISPOT with the tuberculin skin test (TST)... - Accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF test for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children admitted to hospital in Cape Town, South Africa: a descriptive studyMark P Nicol
Division of Medical Microbiology and Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Lancet Infect Dis 11:819-24. 2011..We aimed to assess the accuracy of the test for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children in an area with high tuberculosis and HIV prevalences... - Pneumocystis pneumonia in South African children with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapyBrenda M Morrow
Department of Paediatics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Infect Dis J 29:535-9. 2010..Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected African children... - Oral trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole levels in stable HIV-infected childrenHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, Cape Town
S Afr Med J 96:627-9. 2006..However, oral therapy is desirable as the intravenous route is costly, time-consuming, more difficult to administer and carries a risk of needlestick injury... - Human rhinovirus infection in young African children with acute wheezingHeidi E Smuts
Division Medical Virology NHLS, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
BMC Infect Dis 11:65. 2011..The aim of this study was to determine the role of HRV as a cause of acute wheezing in South African children... - Predictors of postoperative complications in HIV-infected children undergoing surgeryJonathan Saul Karpelowsky
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town 7700, South Africa
J Pediatr Surg 46:674-8. 2011..An increasing number of HIV-infected children require a surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with the development of complications in HIV-infected children undergoing surgery... - Role of human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus NL63 and human bocavirus in infants and young children with acute wheezingHeidi Smuts
Division Medical Virology NHLS, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
J Med Virol 80:906-12. 2008..Viruses are an important cause of wheezing in preschool children; hMPV, HCoV NL63, and HBoV are less common than the usual respiratory pathogens... - Childhood pneumonia--progress and challengesHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
S Afr Med J 96:890-900. 2006..Greater access to newer vaccines and to antiretroviral therapy and co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-infected children is necessary to further reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia and the discrepancies in global child lung health... - Nosocomial pneumonia in pediatric patients: practical problems and rational solutionsHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 46 Sawkins Road, Cape Town, South Africa
Paediatr Drugs 4:73-83. 2002..Of these, hand hygiene, appropriate infection control policies, and judicious use of antibacterials are essential... - New specimens and laboratory diagnostics for childhood pulmonary TB: progress and prospectsMark P Nicol
Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service of South Africa
Paediatr Respir Rev 12:16-21. 2011..The recent development of an integrated specimen processing and real-time PCR testing platform for M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance is an important advance that requires evaluation in childhood TB... - Incorrect use of a homemade spacer for treatment of recurrent wheezing in children--a cause for concernHeather J Zar
Red Cross Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town
S Afr Med J 95:388, 390. 2005 - A 500-ml plastic bottle: an effective spacer for children with asthmaHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 13:217-22. 2002..It is concluded that a modified 500-ml plastic bottle is an effective spacer; modification and use of this device should be incorporated into international guidelines for the management of children with asthma... - Pneumonia in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children in developing countries: epidemiology, clinical features, and managementHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Curr Opin Pulm Med 10:176-82. 2004..This article reviews recent findings on the epidemiology, clinical features, and management of HIV-infected and -uninfected children with pneumonia in developing countries... - Clinical indicators of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in South African children infected with the human immunodeficiency virusGeoffrey L Fatti
Department of Human Biology, and Lung Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Int J Infect Dis 10:282-5. 2006..75 (95% CI 0.43-0.95) and increased specificity of 0.90 (95% CI 0.83-0.95). CONCLUSION: Empirical anti-pneumocystis therapy should be considered in HIV-infected infants presenting with tachypnea, hypoxia and absence of vomiting... - The changing prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema in African adolescents from 1995 to 2002Heather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 18:560-5. 2007..Symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema in adolescents have increased over the past 7 yr in this geographical area. Allergic diseases are common in this group of adolescents and increasingly impair their quality of life... - Tuberculosis in the developing worldHeather J Zar
Department of School Adolescent and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, 5th Floor, ICH Building, Klipfontein Road, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl 26:53-4. 2004 - Improvements in lung function of a pediatric cystic fibrosis population in a developing countryBrenda M Morrow
School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town UCT, Cape Town, WC, South Africa
J Pediatr (Rio J) 84:403-9. 2008..To document the change in pulmonary function of a pediatric cystic fibrosis population managed at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, between January 1999 and December 2006... - The impact of HIV infection and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole prophylaxis on bacterial isolates from children with community-acquired pneumonia in South AfricaHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
J Trop Pediatr 49:78-83. 2003..17 of 79 (22 per cent), p = 0.009]. The rising prevalence of HIV infection and the use of TMP-SMX prophylaxis may alter the spectrum of colonizing and pathogenic bacteria in children in developing countries... - Neonatal chlamydial infections: prevention and treatmentHeather J Zar
School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Paediatr Drugs 7:103-10. 2005.... - Serum immunoglobulin E levels in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children with pneumoniaHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 13:328-33. 2002..HIV-infected children with pneumonia have higher serum IgE compared with seronegative patients. In HIV-positive children, IgE levels did not correlate with the degree of immunosuppression or with outcome... - Respiratory infections in children in developing countriesHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Ann 31:133-8. 2002 - Etiology of sickle cell chestHeather J Zar
Department of School Adolescent and Child Health, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, University of Cape Town, 7th floor ICH Building, Klipfontein Road, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl 26:188-90. 2004 - Global paediatric pulmonology: out of AfricaHeather J Zar
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, School of Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Paediatr Respir Rev 7:S226-8. 2006..Greater access to newer vaccines and, in HIV-infected children, to anti-retroviral therapy and prophylaxis is necessary to further reduce the burden of childhood respiratory illness in Africa... - Global burden of pediatric respiratory illness and the implications for management and preventionHeather J Zar
School Child and Adolescent Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Pediatr Pulmonol 36:457-61. 2003 - Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in African children with HIV-1Shabir A Madhi
Lancet 365:749-50; author reply 750-1. 2005 - Training pediatric pulmonologists for the future: academic is a state of mind not just a locationRobert B Mellins
Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New-York, NY 10032, USA
Pediatr Pulmonol Suppl 26:9-11. 2004