T Robak

..Another analogue of SDX-101, SDX-309, showed also significant anti-tumor activity in first preclinical studies. The potential role of NSAIDs in prevention and treatment of hematologic malignancies is the subject of this review...

..In this review, current therapeutic strategies in PLL are presented...

..In addition, rituximab may be an optimal therapeutic choice of treatment for CLL-associated autoimmune cytopenias...

..Most of the new agents which could be potentially useful in the treatment of patients with SLE need further laboratory investigations and clinical trials. In this review, promising new agents, potentially useful in SLE, are presented...

..Moreover, the European Commission recently granted marketing authorization to alemtuzumab for the treatment of patients with B-CLL for whom fludarabine combination monotherapy is not appropriate...

..This review article will summarize the results of recent clinical trials with 2-CdA in hematological malignancies, multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases...

..Finally, antiangiogenic mAbs, especially bevacimzumab, have a potential therapeutic role in this disease. In this review, new mAbs, potentially useful in CLL are presented...

..Among these are prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and its variants, large granular lymphocyte leukemia (LGLL) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)...

..Moreover, autologous and allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantations are increasingly considered for treatment of patients with CLL. In this review current therapeutic strategies in CLL are presented...

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..4%; 95% CI -4.3% to 7.0%; P = .64). In conclusion, HCL treatment with weekly 2-CdA infusions is equally effective but no safer than the standard 5-day 2-CdA protocol...

..This review will summarize current knowledge concerning the mechanism of action, pharmacological properties, clinical activity and toxicity of PNA accepted for use in clinical practice as well as new agents available for clinical trials...

..In this review current therapeutic strategies in HCL and HCL-V are presented...

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..No important differences in efficacy and toxicity were found between CC and 2-CdA regimens...

..This review presents current results and treatment strategies with the use of PNAs in CLL, especially in elderly patients...

..The patient was successfully treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) and adjuvant local radiotherapy...

..Three other compounds: clofarabine, nelarabine and immucillin-H are currently being evaluated clinically...

..The results of this study have demonstrated that the cladribine and cyclophosphamide regimen may improve treatment results in this poor-risk patient population...

..These data may suggest that angiogenic process is involved in the pathogenesis of this disease...

..Currently, immunochemotherapy with rituximab and purine nucleoside analogs (PNAs) should be considered as the treatment of choice in previously untreated patients...

..However, definitive data from ongoing and future clinical trials will aid in better defining their status in the treatment of hematological disorders...

..This article reviews the various classes of AML targets and drugs that are under early phase clinical evaluation, especially those that are likely to enter clinical practice in the near future...

..In this article we review data on new anti-CD20 mAbs that are potentially useful in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies...

..Recently, several new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been developed and are now being evaluated in clinical trials...

..octagam 10% was well tolerated and effective in this population representative of adult patients with ITP, even at the maximum infusion rate of 0·12 ml/kg/minute, without unexpected safety issues...

..As with HCl-V, patients with HCl-JV have leukocytosis, weak TRAP activity in leukemic cells, and lack of CD25 antigen. In this review, the biology, diagnostic criteria, and current therapeutic options in HCl-V and HCl-JV are presented...

..Both combinations have unsatisfactory activity in patients with 17p13 (TP53 gene) deletion...

..This trial was designed to compare chemoimmunotherapy with chemotherapy alone in patients with previously treated CLL...

..The most important recent patents concerning oral formulations of 2-CdA have been presented...

..This review will summarize current knowledge concerning the mechanism of action, pharmacologic properties, clinical activity and toxicity of PNAs accepted for use in clinical practice, as well as new agents available for clinical trials...

..Based on preclinical and preliminary clinical data, GA-101 appears to be a promising therapeutic agent for CD20-positive B-cell lymphoid malignances, including non-Hodgkin lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia...

..This review will focus on agents currently being explored in preclinical studies and in early clinical trials...

..However, the exact role of HSCT, autologous or allogeneic, in the standard management of CLL patients is still undefined...

..1 mg/kg. TRU-016 is a promising therapeutic agent for patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies, especially patients refractory to standard treatment...

..The incidence of AML increases with age, and older patients typically have worse treatment outcomes than do younger patients...

..In vitro studies have shown synergistic or additive interactions between rituximab and purine nucleoside analogues. The results of recent clinical trials seem to confirm these preclinical observations...

..The probability of overall survival calculated from Kaplan-Meier curves at 24 months was also similar for both groups (78% and 82%, respectively). (Blood. 2000;96:2723-2729)..

..5x10(9) G/l was 18.7 days and platelets>50x10(9)/l was 27.2 days. In conclusion, the CLAG regimen had significant antileukemic activity and acceptable toxicity as reinduction treatment in refractory or relapsed AML patients...

..However, further studies are necessary to establish the real risk of lung cancer in CLL patients treated with 2-CdA...

..The results of our study indicate that a 2-h infusion of 2-CdA in HCL patients is at least as effective as a 24-h infusion but more convenient to the patients, and may be given on an outpatient basis...

..Whether a combination of 2-CdA with cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone would result in improved outcome as compared to 2-CdA alone, is being investigated in a prospective, randomised trial...

..The SLE responded well to treatment with prednisone and the course of the LGNHL was stable and cytotoxic treatment was not required...

..4%) pretreated and 74 (38.1%) untreated patients (P = 0.03), were the most frequent toxic effects. Our results indicate that 2-CdA is an effective, relatively well-tolerated drug, especially in previously untreated CLL...

..Seven out of 20 patients (35%) responded, including one complete response. Median overall survival time of responding patients was 22 months (range 3-30). Myelosuppression and infections were the major toxicity of the EC regimen...

..Overall survival with current strategies is poor, and further insight into the natural history, biology, and treatment of PBL are needed...

..RS was first manifested as a pathologic fracture of the left femur. The LBCL was clonally distinct from the original CLL cells. The patient was successfully treated with CHOP and radiotherapy and obtained complete response of the LBCL...

..252, p = 0.05). In conclusion, serum levels of the angiogenic factors HGF and VEGF may be relevant in SLE pathogenesis. Their concentrations seem to be markers of SLE activity...

..4). We suggest that intensive treatment with HDChl as first line and 2-CdA as second line should be applied in more advanced rather than in less advanced stages of CLL until the final results of randomized clinical trials are available...

..ALL of the elderly is a rare disease with poor prognosis. Further clinical trials evaluating the disease features, outcome, and new therapeutic approaches are warranted...

..However, toxicity, especially after CMC5 administration, is significant. Therefore, we recommend the CMC3 but not the CMC5 programme for further evaluation...

..In contrast, a 13q deletion was found in BM and PB CLL cells. The patient was treated with chlorambucil and complete response of PCMZL was achieved. To our knowledge this is the first patient with CLL in whom PCMZL has been diagnosed...

..Moreover, antiviral and antibacterial prophylaxis is mandatory...

..A role for dendritic cells (DC) in the development of adult rheumatoid arthritis has been suggested. To date, this problem has been poorly explored in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)...

..The association between dendritic cell number and clinical features seems to be less clear...

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..NA should be routinely used as second line treatment and possibly as first line therapy in younger patients, who are candidates for potentially curative treatment such as stem cell transplantation and/or monoclonal antibodies...

..The hematological toxicity of this treatment seems to be comparable with "3+7" regimen...

..423; P<0.001). In addition, sIL-6R and OSM serum concentrations correlated also with CLL Rai stage. In conclusion, the serum level of IL-6, OSM and sIL-6R, but not LIF and sgp130, are useful indicators of CLL activity...

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..This regimen can be considered as an alternative treatment of CD-20 positive indolent lymphoproliferative disorders...

..In the current report, we present the final results of multi-center phase II study evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of CLAG-M salvage regimen in poor risk refractory/relapsed AML patients...

..5 and 4 months, p=0.003 and p=0.008, respectively). Low-dose melphalan shows significant activity in high-risk MDS and AML with multilineage dysplasia with acceptable toxicity...

..04). In contrast, the correlation between bFGF and endostatin was significantly negative (p = - 0.299, P < 0.04). In conclusion, serum levels of the angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors may play an important role in SLE pathogenesis...

..However, since the second response is usually shorter and myelotoxicity more pronounced than during the first therapy, more clinical trials to find other therapeutical approaches are necessary...

..Marked between-patient differences in expression patterns of apoptosis-regulating factors in CLL cells were observed, explaining the variations in patients' sensitivity to therapy...

..This case of atypical, secondary CML was refractory to treatment with interferon alpha and hydroxyurea...

..High sensitivity of B-CLL cells to IDA suggests the possibility of lowering its dose in patients, especially when combined with 2-CdA...

..The difference in the rates of spontaneous apoptosis among male and female patients may contribute to gender-dependent variations in clinical outcome in B-CLL...

..ALT and PNA or RTX trigger complementary changes in expression of proteins regulating cell propensity to undergo apoptosis, what provides molecular rationale for combining ALT with those agents...

..However, further experimental and clinical studies concerning the usefulness of these combinations in the treatment of CML patients seem warranted...

..It failed however to point the best one to be combined with cladribine. We suggests that further clinical trials with such combinations are needed...

..The goal of this study was to determine the effect of this modification on the incidence and spectrum of infectious complications...

..Other secondary lesions present as vasculitis, purpura, generalized pruritus, exfoliative erythroderma, and paraneoplastic pemphigus. An exaggerated reaction to an insect bite and insect bite-like reactions have been also observed...

..However, further experimental studies on the usefulness of these combinations in the treatment of myeloid leukemia patients are warranted...

..This review focuses on recent advances in the development of systemic agents for CTCL including both novel patented compounds and novel therapeutic protocol of intervention...

..The expression of this particular nuclear protein seems to correlate with the progression of the leukemia...

..No relationship between the expression of p65 gene and clinical stage of leukemia was observed. The lower percentage of positivity (presence of gene transcript) was seen in patients with ALL (42%) and AML (46%)...

..The level of these factors might correlate with the activity of the disease...

..Thus, in patients with chronic ITP, a two-day regimen of Privigen was effective in increasing platelet count, reducing bleeding events and was well tolerated...

..However, the higher concentrations of 2-CdA (about 5 microg/ml) can be also toxic to erythrocytes...

..In conclusion, our results suggest that 2-CdA is also effective treatment for elderly patients with CLL. The drug toxicity is acceptable and seems to be similar for that observed in younger patients...

..These results may indicate that routine addition of corticosteroids to purine analogs in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies is not warranted...

..We suggest, that in patients with CLL, 2-CdA should be used as second line treatment rather than the first line therapy until the final results of ongoing randomized clinical trials are available...

..New cytotoxic drugs, agents with novel mechanisms of action, and new treatment strategies are currently being investigated. The management of refractory or relapsed AML patients is reviewed in this study...

..PNA should be routinely used as second line treatment, and possibly as first line therapy in younger patients, who are candidates for potentially curative treatment such as stem cell transplantation and/or monoclonal antibodies...

..Finally, the patient received two courses of VAD vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) with further haematological improvement but complete response was not achieved...

..The development of MCC in our patient may suggest that this complication rarely observed in CLL patients may have a link with strongly immunosuppressive therapy with 2-CdA and rituximab...

..The efficacy of the regimen seems to be higher than observed earlier after treatment with 2-CdA alone. A randomized clinical trial is in progress in our institutions...

..In this review, epidemiology, biology, clinical characteristic and treatment approaches in RS and other secondary neoplasms in patients with CLL are discussed...

..We suggest that molecular analysis of monoclonality in patients with AA may be important for proper selection of the rare cases of ALL first presenting as marrow aplasia...

..The patient died in January 2003, three months after diagnosis because of progression of both leukemias and associated pneumonia. Possible etiopathogenic relationship between both disorders is discussed...

..A multicenter prospective randomized study comparing alemtuzumab and chlorambucil as first line therapies are ongoing and preliminary results show acceptable toxicity profile of monoclonal antibody...

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..New therapeutic approaches are necessary to improve the outcome in this age group of patients with ALL...

..Finally, PNA, especially FA play an important role in non-myeloablative conditioning regimens for allogenic stem cell transplantation in high-risk patients, possibly also with myeloid malignancies...