Hania Szajewska

..An understanding of the strengths and limitations of the meta-analytic approach, which I discuss in this article, is needed by everyone involved in decision making regarding interventions assessed by this approach...

..Goal of this study is to determine whether this fermented dairy product is effective in the treatment of constipated children with a defecation frequency < 3/week...

..The authors evaluated the rate of growth and indices of protein metabolism in low-birth weight infants fed extensive and partial protein hydrolysate preterm formula followed for 12 weeks...

..Thus, at present, we have some positive certainties, lots of exciting promises and many unanswered questions...

..The aim was to systematically review data on the efficacy of a partially hydrolyzed 100% whey formula (pHF) in reducing the risk of allergy in healthy infants at high risk for allergy...

..It is hypothesized that the intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) throughout pregnancy is important to maternal health and fetal and infant development...

..To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children...

..Saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic probiotic yeast considered useful against enteropathogens...

..Vomiting is a common sympton in children with gastroenteritis, but its treatment remains controversial...

..Searches of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library databases were performed in August 2009 to locate studies published in the last 18 months...

..To review evidence for the effectiveness of Lactobacillus GG (LGG) in treating acute infectious diarrhoea in children...

..To determine the effectiveness of Lactobacillus GG (LGG) in children with Helicobacter pylori infection undergoing eradication therapy...

..This pilot study was designed to assess the effectiveness of Lactobacillus GG (LGG) in breast-fed infants with rectal bleeding...

..Racecadotril (acetorphan) is an antisecretory drug that exerts its antidiarrhoeal effects by inhibiting intestinal enkephalinase...

..Problems with currently recommended Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies include unsatisfactory eradication rates and/or therapy-associated side effects...

..To systematically evaluate the effect of supplemental fluids or feedings during the first days of life on the overall breastfeeding duration and rate of exclusive breastfeeding among healthy infants...

..Uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy and safety of using probiotics and prebiotics in preterm infants...

..This review was designed to assess the evidence from randomized controlled trials on effects of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children...

..In children, healthcare-associated diarrhoea, in particular, due to rotavirus, may prolong the hospital stay and increase medical costs, prompting interest in effective, low-cost, preventive strategies...

..Further research should specify strain-specific outcomes and determine optimal dosing schedules. Safety and long-term follow-up studies are of particular interest...

..The purpose of our study was to investigate both qualitatively and quantitatively the microbial content of probiotic products licensed for medicinal purposes...

..A randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate whether use of protein hydrolysate-based preterm formulas in infants with an atopic predisposition helps prevent the development of allergic diseases...

..Although not currently recommended, dioctahedral smectite (smectite) is commonly used to treat acute infectious diarrhoea in many countries...

..To systematically evaluate and update evidence on the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis CNCM I-3446 supplementation in preterm infants...

..Many questions remain to be answered. Future clinical trials should evaluate carefully selected, precisely defined probiotic strains and address clinically important endpoints...

..Uncertainty exists regarding the effects of iron supplementation on neurodevelopmental outcomes in the absence of anemia...

..However, almost all of the data in this review were gathered from observational studies, thus, causality should not be assumed based on these findings...

..Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea occurs in up to 30% of patients who receive antibiotics but can be prevented with probiotics...

..High quality, long-term trials are required before these formulas should be offered routinely in preference to other types of formula for preterm infants...

..To determine the efficacy of a combination of Bifidobacterium longum PL03, Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL53A and Lactobacillus plantarum PL02 for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children...

..To systematically evaluate the effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) supplementation of pregnant and/or lactating women on the neurodevelopment and visual function of their children...

..Currently, while some promising data exist, there are still more questions than answers. However, rapid progress in this area of research is expected and no doubt will bring about a number of exciting findings...

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..Guidance is needed as to which agent to use, timing, dosage and mode of administration...

..To determine the effectiveness of sequential therapy compared with standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children...

..Previous meta-analyses have shown that although thickened formulas do not seem to reduce measurable reflux, they may reduce vomiting. However, because data are limited, there is still uncertainty regarding the use of thickening agents...

..To evaluate the efficacy and safety of zinc in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children in Poland...

..Adverse events and overall tolerance did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: LGG, as dosed in this study, was not an effective adjunct to lactulose in treating constipation in children...

..To systematically evaluate and update evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotic supplementation for the treatment of constipation...

..Treatment measures for constipation in children are often not satisfactory. The aim was to assess the efficacy of glucomannan (GNN) as a sole treatment for functional constipation...

..To summarize the literature concerning the relationship between meal patterns and childhood obesity. Literature searches of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were performed in October 2009 for studies published in the last 18-24 months...

..To investigate potential effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) compared with multiple daily injections (MDI) on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)...

..There is no evidence that VATS is more effective than fibrinolytic treatment. Only a limited number of trials were available for analysis, so some caution must be exercised in interpreting the strength of the evidence presented...

..At the present time, therefore, the Committee takes the view that no general recommendation on the use of oligosaccharide supplementation in infancy as a prophylactic or therapeutic measure can be made...

..Dietary LC-PUFA supply should continue after the first six months of life, but currently there is not sufficient information for quantitative recommendations...

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..Infants and young children receiving a vegetarian diet should receive a sufficient amount ( approximately 500 mL) of breast milk or formula and dairy products. Infants and young children should not be fed a vegan diet...

..The available data do not allow general conclusions to be drawn on the use and effects of fermented formulae for infants...

..Continued growth monitoring is required to adapt feeding choices to the needs of individual infants and to avoid underfeeding or overfeeding...

..There is no evidence supporting the use of soy protein formulae for the prevention or management of infantile colic, regurgitation, or prolonged crying...

..If formula needs to be prepared in advance, it should be prepared on a daily basis and kept at 4 degrees C or below. Manufacturers of infant formulae should make every effort to minimize bacterial contamination of powdered products...