Emmanuel A Ameh

..6%) patients. It is hoped that as appropriate imaging facilities become more readily available in developing countries, less children with blunt splenic injury will be subjected to surgery...

..There was no death from NF. As serious complications may result from omphalitis in neonates and infants, with high morbidity and possible mortality, early recognition and prompt treatment are necessary for a good outcome...

..Though fissure-in-ano is not uncommon in children, it might be necessary to exclude sexual abuse and undertake appropriate evaluation and treatment. The child must be protected from further abuse...

..The diagnosis should be excluded in a child with pneumonia and persisting abdominal symptoms. Prompt treatment is necessary to avoid morbidity and mortality...

..Treatment consisted of administration of parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics and debridement. Skin grafting of the resulting scalp defect was not permitted by the parents. The wound healed with scar tissue over 3 months...

..This natal cleft was parted regularly to avoid adhesion and anal stenosis. A plea is made for appropriate investigation and treatment of anorectal conditions in children. Arbitrary use of sitz bath is to be discouraged...

..Seven children had injury to hollow viscera. There were three deaths, one each from overwhelming sepsis, tetanus and haemorrhage...

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..Antibiotics were used routinely. Involvement of the heart and lungs occurred in two children respectively, the former causing the only death. The average duration of hospital stay was 20 days...

..In environments such as ours, where cholecystitis in childhood is uncommon, awareness and a high index of suspicion are necessary for early diagnosis and prompt treatment in order to avoid potentially life-threatening complications...

..Colostomy in the newborn can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality and great care is necessary to avoid these. Some technical points to avoid these errors are highlighted...

..CONCLUSIONS: Colostomy in children is acceptable to most parents in our environment. Although some parents found it unacceptable, adequate explanation and counselling may modify their view...

..The principle of early referral and repair of inguinal hernias should be encouraged to avoid such morbidity and possible mortality...

..The practice of pediatric surgery in Africa presents multiple challenges. This report presents an overview of problems encountered in the training of pediatric surgeons as well as the delivery of pediatric surgical services in Africa...

..Pediatric surgery is a well-established specialty in many developed countries, but little is known about the status of the specialty in most developing countries...

..Surgical site infections (SSI) add substantially to the morbidity of surgical patients. Our hypothesis was that the SSI rate is high in our setting, but there were no data regarding the prevalence and risk factors...

..Colonic and colorectal surgery frequently requires bowel preparation. This is an evaluation of the use of normal saline for one-day bowel preparation in children with colostomy...

..Congenital vaginal obstruction commonly presents after puberty and presentation in infancy is uncommon. Due to lack of awareness, diagnosis may be missed in infants, sometimes with disastrous consequences...

..FIA recurred in one patient necessitating repeat fistulectomy. Although the number of patients is small, perianal sepsis appears to be less common in our environment compared to developed countries. Some differences are highlighted...

..The scalp vein is an invaluable route for venous access in infants. Complications are rarely reported...

..Many of such intususceptions, may be successfully managed by pressure reduction and children should not be denied the benefits of this form of treatment...

..To study the computer knowledge and desires of clinical year medical students at one of the oldest and largest medical schools in Nigeria...

..The principle of early referral and repair of childhood inguinal hernias should reduce this complication and the attendant morbidity and mortality...

..Though common in Africa, the exact impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the spectrum and severity of surgical infection in African children is not clear, but it may well worsen the course of infection in these patients...

..Major neonatal surgery should as much as possible be performed by those trained to operate on neonates. Appropriate research and international collaboration is necessary to improve neonatal surgical care in the environment...

..It accounts for end-stage renal disease in a proportion of children. This article aims at highlighting the current trend in the management of boys with posterior urethral valve...

..There was no mortality. Though complications of umbilical hernias appear to be rare, there is a need for more active observation of these hernias to identify complications early and treat promptly to avoid morbidity...

..Morbidity and mortality following colostomy for ARM in newborns is still high in this setting, due largely to infective complications, particularly in babies < 2.5 kg...