Shinya Yamanaka

..Here I consider reasons for bottlenecks in induced pluripotent stem cell generation, and propose a model in which most or all cells have the potential to become pluripotent...

..iPS cells can be generated even without the expression of c-Myc. The present study examined patterns of differentiation of mouse iPS cells into cardiomyocytes in three different cell lines reprogrammed by three or four factors...

..These data suggest that iPS cells are generated by direct reprogramming of lineage-committed somatic cells and that retroviral integration into specific sites is not required...

..Functional analyses of these genes demonstrate that the p53-p21 pathway serves as a barrier not only in tumorigenicity, but also in iPS cell generation...

..The production of virus-free iPS cells, albeit from embryonic fibroblasts, addresses a critical safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine...

..Taken together, these data demonstrate differential roles for Sox15 and Sox2 in transcriptional control in mouse ES cells...

..These results demonstrated that Sall4 plays positive roles in the generation of pluripotent stem cells from blastocysts and fibroblasts...

..This virus-free technique reduces the safety concern for iPS cell generation and application, and provides a source of cells for the investigation of the mechanisms underlying reprogramming and pluripotency...

..In contrast, SNS from iPS cells derived from different adult tissues varied substantially in their teratoma-forming propensity, which correlated with the persistence of undifferentiated cells...

..The protocol also enabled efficient isolation of iPS cells without drug selection. Furthermore, we generated human iPS cells from adult dermal fibroblasts without MYC...

..Furthermore, these cells could differentiate into cell types of the three germ layers in vitro and in teratomas. These findings demonstrate that iPS cells can be generated from adult human fibroblasts...

..Here, we compared the functionality of human adult ECs (HAECs), human ES-derived ECs (ESECs) and human iPS-derived ECs (iPSECs)...

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..This method may provide iPSCs suitable for autologous and allologous stem-cell therapy in the future...

..These data demonstrate that different functional moieties of the Myc proto-oncogene products are involved in the transformation and promotion of directed reprogramming...

..This finding highlights the potential use of iPS cells in clinical areas such as regenerative medicine, disease investigation, and drug screening...

..These results demonstrate that human iPS cells have an adipogenic potential comparable to human ES cells...

..The cells, named induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, can be differentiated into three germ layers and committed to chimeric mice. Here we describe detailed methods and tips for the generation of iPS cells...

..Thus, iPS cells competent for germline chimaeras can be obtained from fibroblasts, but retroviral introduction of c-Myc should be avoided for clinical application...

..However, detailed differentiation properties and the directional differentiation system of iPS cells have not been demonstrated...

..However, iPS cells could be established from ECAT11-null fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate the dispensability of ECAT11/L1td1 in pluripotency, despite its specific expression...

..Some transplants expressed vesicular glutamate transporter 1, which is a marker for glutamatergic neurons. These findings indicate that iPS cells can be used as a source of transplants for the regeneration of spiral ganglion neurons...

..Thus, human iPS cells could become an attractive tool to investigate the effects of cardioactive drugs at the individual level and to screen for individually tailored drugs against cardiac arrhythmic diseases...

..These results therefore show that Glis1 effectively promotes the direct reprogramming of somatic cells during iPSC generation...

..RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry for detection of pluripotent cell markers, embryoid body differentiation, and teratoma differentiation are used to determine pluripotency in vitro and in vivo, respectively...

..In this study, we attempted to identify cell surface markers for cardiomyocytes derived from hESC/hiPSCs...

..Instead of animal feeders, human fibroblasts can be used as feeder cells of human ES cells. However, one still has to be concerned about the existence of unidentified pathogens, such as viruses and prions in these non-autologous feeders...

..These results provide a technological basis to obtain functional cardiomyocytes from iPSCs...

..These data suggest that ECAT15-2 has important roles in lung development, where it is no longer expressed, by leaving epigenetic marks from earlier developmental stages...

..Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying pluripotency and the currently known methods of inducing pluripotency in somatic cells...

..We previously identified a set of genes called ECATs (ES cell-associated transcripts) that are expressed at high levels in mouse ES cells. Here, we examine the expression and DNA methylation of ECATs in somatic cells and germ cells...

..We will review the rapid progress that has been made in identifying and dissecting the intracellular signaling pathways that contribute to self-renewal of pluripotent mouse and human ES cells...

..This remarkable discovery of cellular plasticity has important medical applications...

..This report will summarize the current knowledge of iPS generation and discuss future reprogramming methods for medical application...

..Reporter gene and gel mobility shift assays are used to confirm the role of Oct3/4. Identification of novel Oct3/4 targets will facilitate our understanding of pluripotency...

..Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells potentially provide an opportunity to generate a human cell-based model of AD that would be crucial for drug discovery as well as for investigating mechanisms of the disease...

..This article is part of a special issue entitled, "Cardiovascular Stem Cells Revisited"...

..The potential of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is enormous, but many obstacles remain before their medical and pharmaceutical applications can be fully realized...

..Taken together, these studies underscore the crucial roles of transcription factors and chromatin remodeling in nuclear reprogramming...

..This review is also focused on new strategies for reducing a risk of tumorigenesis...

..These data demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells can be directly generated from fibroblast cultures by the addition of only a few defined factors...

..The re-programmed cells contribute to live chimeric mice and are transmitted via the germline...

..On the other hand, patient-specific iPS cells have already been established and used for recapitulating disease pathology...

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..Rheb also shares the same membrane-targeting pathway but because of the absence of palmitoylation is located on endomembranes...

..Previous studies identified genomic clones containing the mouse ESG1 gene and five pseudogenes. However, their chromosomal localizations or physiological functions have not been determined...