Yasushi Takagi

..In the treatment of children with intractable absence epilepsy, the possibility of underlying MMD and indications that revascularization surgery may be needed should be taken into consideration...

..With the use of indocyanine green (ICG) as a novel fluorescent dye, fluorescence angiography has recently reemerged as a viable option...

..This is a safe and simple method that can be used to assess the microcirculation of the brain. The ICG videoangiography is helpful in resecting residual cerebral AVM, especially in cases of diffuse-type AVM...

..In this study, the authors transplanted neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from ESCs into ischemic brain and analyzed their survival and differentiation...

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..However, the mechanism by which regrowth occurs has not been clarified; neither is it clear when regrowth occurs after removal...

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..In addition, abnormal findings of the internal elastic lamina and eosin-positive deposits in the intima were detected. Medial thinness and intimal hyperplasia occurred in the MCA of patients with MMD...

..We performed this study to clarify the roles of the JNK/c-Jun pathway and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms...

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..These findings suggest that progenitors of DA neurons are generated and can proliferate in ES cell-derived neurospheres induced by serial SDIA and PA6 conditioned medium treatment...

..From these results we confirmed the survival and differentiation of, as well as network formation by, monkey ES-cell-derived neuronal progenitors transplanted into the ischemic mouse brain...

..These results indicate that Trx-1 overexpression protects neurons from apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion...

..These findings suggest that lasting activation of p38 may contribute to ischemic tolerance in CA1 neurons of the hippocampus and that components of the p38 cascade can be target molecules to modify neuronal survival after ischemia...

..To introduce a method for preoperative targeting of a proper recipient artery in superficial temporal artery-to-middle cerebral artery anastomosis...

..The aim of this study was to compare the effects of inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane and intravenous anesthesia with propofol on ICP and rCoBF during revascularization surgery for patients with MMD...

..These results suggest that local administration of anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies with NPCs may promote neuronal differentiation during the treatment of neurological diseases with cell replacement therapy...

..Behavioral studies and functional imaging revealed that the transplanted cells functioned as DA neurons and attenuated MPTP-induced neurological symptoms...

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..The authors focused on the perinidal parenchyma to clarify the effect of AVMs on perinidal brain tissue...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the transdifferentiation of bone marrow (BM)-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) into the smooth muscle cell (SMC) lineage in vitro and in vivo...

..These results suggest that TIMP-1 inhibits MMP-9 activity and can play a neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia...

..We also analyzed survival and differentiation of transplanted cells and functional recovery from ischemic damage...

..Moyamoya disease is an idiopathic vascular disorder of intracranial arteries. Its susceptibility locus has been mapped to 17q25.3 in Japanese families, but the susceptibility gene is unknown...

..These suggest a high potential for this MSC approach in the replenishment of neural cells for stroke and for a wide range of neurodegenerative conditions that require various types of neural cells...

..Here, we would like to discuss induction of dopaminergic neurons from monkey ES cells and cell transplantation into the brain of monkey Parkinson's disease model...

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..To evaluate of the role of magnetic resonance (MR) tractography on the optic radiation with a 3-T MR unit in the surgery of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in and around the visual pathway...

..In the treatment for the patient with MMS associated with PCD, risk of sinus thrombosis should be taken into account...

..Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is a key inflammatory mediator, and it is thought to be a promising target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we examined the role of IL-1beta in cerebral aneurysm development...

..Owing to the deficiency of ApoE, mice presented marked hypercholesterolemia, but there was no difference in cerebral aneurysm formation. In the present study, we clarified that ApoE was not responsible for cerebral aneurysm formation...

..Deeper insight into AVM nature and into events that occur during AVM surgery as well as the inclusion of molecular biological approaches will open new horizons for the safe and effective treatment of AVMs...

..The aim of this study was to identify the natural history of untreated cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and the risk factors for subsequent hemorrhage after an initial AVM diagnosis...

..To examine the relationship between asymptomatic microbleeds (MBs) and the occurrence of subsequent stroke in patients with moyamoya disease...

..This suggests that there are different mechanisms between the pathogenesis of cereberal and aortic aneurysms...

..In this study, we assess the role of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF-1?) in AVMs. These factors are reported to play a role in neoangiogenesis...

..The microbleeds observed in patients with moyamoya disease probably originate in bleeding from the fragile arteries...

..In conclusion, inducing DA neurons from mouse ES cells by SDIA for 12 days and grafting cell colonies into mouse striatum was the most effective method for the survival of TH-positive neurons in vivo...

..The objectives of this study were to clarify the expression and localization of ETBR in cerebral aneurysms and to examine the effect of ETBR blockage on the development of experimental cerebral aneurysms...

..To evaluate possible applications of microsurgical extirpation to arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the brainstem...

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..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of early optic canal unroofing on visual function in patients with meningiomas of the tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of asymptomatic microbleeds (MBs) in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) by using a 3-tesla magnetic resonance (MR) imaging unit...

..Since injury, inflammation and repair are common features in the progression of atherosclerosis, it is conceivable that PGRN plays a role in atherogenesis...

..To study the physiological role of this protein in vivo, we generated hsp110/105 knockout (KO) mice and investigate the effect of reduced Hsp110/105 levels on focal cerebral ischemia...

..Nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates a number of physiological processes, such as inflammation, apoptosis, and cellular growth...

..Recently, a multinational, genome-wide association study identified 3 loci associated with IA, located on 2q (rs700651), 8q (rs10958409), and 9p (rs1333040 and rs10757278). The aim of this study was to evaluate these associations...

..These findings suggest that production of peroxynitrite is involved in HI brain injury, and that induced TRX plays a neuroprotective role against oxidative stress resulting from HI...

..Because resection is possible without causing morbidity and because outcome depends on the severity of preoperative neurological dysfunction, precise diagnosis and timely treatment are mandatory...

..Our findings suggest that the downregulations of not only p27(kip1), but also p57(kip2) responding to mitogenic stimulation, play key roles in the cell cycle progression of VSMCs...

..Pathophysiological investigations at molecular levels have uncovered the upregulation of various growth and stress response factors that are associated with angiogenesis in occlusive cerebral arteries...

..These results indicate that STAT1 is activated and translocated within ischemic neurons and may contribute to brain injury by regulating transcription and phosphorylation of proteins related to apoptosis and cell death...

..These results suggest that FGF-2 upregulates neurogenesis and protects neurons against degeneration in the adult hippocampus after TBI, and that FGF-2 supplementation via gene transfer can reduce GCL degeneration after TBI...

..Restenosis still occurs, even with the sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), and the precise mechanisms and the impact of stent fracture on restensosis have not yet been elucidated...

..A large aneurysm tends to give rise to complications involving EVG migration. Anchoring sutures of EVG may prevent EVG-related complications...

..We sought to determine the clinical utility of a newly developed qualitative test to measure heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels in blood for the early identification of myocardial infarction...

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..8%) developed repetitive tachycardia due to atrial flutter, and required radiofrequency catheter ablation. Linear ablation of the right atrial isthmus was effective to treat atrial flutter...

..These data indicate that exogenous TRX exerts distinct cytoprotective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by means of its redox-regulating activity...

..Therefore, p21 is an intrinsic suppressor to neural regeneration after brain injury and may serve as a common molecular regulator restricting proliferation among stem cell pools from distinct tissue types...

..The genes that were significantly changed in this study would be the candidates for future studies concerning the development of cerebral aneurysms...

..Providing accurate information for a patient's nutrition situation will support cure and early discharge, and reduce medical costs...