Yusuke Abe

..The Virchow-Robin spaces (V-R spaces) are well-known, but not systematically understood fluid-filled perivascular spaces that allow the convexity and basal perforating vessels to penetrate deep into the cerebral parenchyma...

..His activity began to deteriorate on postnatal day 13 and he died of respiratory distress on the 15th day of life...

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..Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) performed postoperatively controlled the parenchymal lesions for more than 10 months without relapse. GKS may be effective for the treatment of brain metastasis from high grade chondrosarcoma...

..The final diagnosis was metastatic brain tumor from thymic carcinoma. Rapid progression of neurological impairment inconsistent with a benign extraaxial tumor needs prompt surgical intervention...

..Less invasive prophylactic surgery using the neuroendoscope may be beneficial for carefully selected cases of asymptomatic neonatal arachnoid cysts...

..Basilar apex aneurysm associated with obstructive hydrocephalus has complex underlying pathology and should be treated by a combination of definitive aneurysm obliteration and CSF diversion...

..These tumors had newly developed within the irradiated field, but were separated in both location and time. Radiation-induced gliomas may develop within a shorter time interval than previously considered...

..AVF arising in the anterior cranial fossa may be associated with an unusual pattern of the blood supply when including the PPOA...

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..The pathological laughter and hemiparesis resolved within 2 weeks after surgery. Invasive tumor in the frontal lobe involving the prefrontal cortex and subcortical structure may cause pathological laughter, and can be cured by surgery...

..There was no markedly fibrovascular connective tissue typical of Gorham-Stout disease. Calvarial thinning in the present case may have been caused by an undetermined complex mechanism...

..The purpose of the study was to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of PIIVDC, and consider its treatment and natural history...

..Spinal angiolipoma in a pregnant woman may be complicated with acute epidural hemorrhage. Emergent surgical evacuation can be performed safely with a good functional prognosis...

..The patient died at 20 months after the initial surgery. PXA with anaplastic appearance may have a component of anaplastic astrocytoma with more aggressive behavior...

..His paraparesis, sensory disturbance, and vesicorectal dysfunction improved significantly after surgery. Congestive myelopathy may be caused by various angiographically occult etiologies other than dural arteriovenous fistula...

..The patient died 13 months after the onset of the disease. PNET should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an intramedullary spinal cord tumor...

..Angiitis may originate from the hypothalamus and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypothalamic lesion mimicking brain tumor on neuroimaging...

..We considered that the dAVF might have caused the congestive myelopathy. Decompressive maneuver may provide effective management for necrotizing myelopathy in selected cases...

..The symptoms ameliorated postoperatively. Meningitis may be an underlying pathology of dural AVF. Variant SSS AVF can be treated with a combination of surgical and endovascular techniques...

..Accurate anatomical knowledge of the uncovertebral foraminal region combined with intraoperative dynamic study is essential for safe surgery to the VA and favorable outcome...

..Ependymoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of a supratentorially located, extraventricular mass with massive intratumoral calcification...

..Dermoid cyst may show atypical presentation with intratumoral hemorrhage and should always be included in the differential diagnosis of orbital tumor...

..However, the patient's neurological condition is very difficult to improve in the presence of spinal cord infiltration...

..Postoperatively the headache had completely resolved. Cervical astrocytoma of subpial location is a very rare cause of headache in adults. The subpial location enables surgical extirpation because minimal or no myelotomy is needed...

..Knowledge of the anatomical relation between the CST and the LCM is very important to avoid Horner syndrome in ACDF. The tip of a retractor blade must be placed between the medial edge of the LCM and the vertebral body...

..coli. Infected subdural hematoma is possible in infants presenting with subdural hemorrhage with clinical symptoms of bacteremia...

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..Abdominal abscess is a potential complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunting, and timely diagnosis and treatment may achieve a good outcome...

..Conservative surgery should be indicated for poorly demarcated orbital cavernous hemangiomas considering the usual benign clinical course and postoperative sequelae...

..Histological findings of the tumor were consistent with metastatic breast carcinoma. Surgical resection can be considered for the treatment of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis if the lesion is located in the conus medullaris...

..Also we should carefully consider the indication and select proper candidates for presurgical cerebral angiography and tumor embolization because of the inherent risk that is apt to be underestimated...

..Histological findings of the tumor were consistent with the qualities of chondroblastoma. We should assume chondroblastoma as differential diagnosis when we encounter a temporal bone tumor that is curable by surgical resection...

..Visual function and extraocular movement improved postoperatively and neuroimaging showed no abnormal structures in the affected orbit. Pseudotumor may bleed and form a retrobulbar hematoma which carries the risk of visual loss...

..Venous hypertension of the brainstem was relieved by transvenous platinum coil selective embolization of superior petrosal sinus. The correct analysis of venous drainage pattern is essential for the curative endovascular surgery...

..For patients with MCA aneurysms suitable for endovascular surgery, bare platinum coil embolization can be performed with acceptable low morbidity and mortality rates, with a lower risk of postprocedural aneurysmal bleeding...

..To our knowledge, this is the first report of a thrombosed posterior cerebral artery aneurysm presenting with obstructive hydrocephalus treated by the combination of endoscopic and endovascular techniques...

..This aneurysm appeared on angiography to be atherosclerotic in its clinical characteristics, and we have scheduled follow-up angiography in two years time. As his hemiparesis had improved, he was discharged from the hospital on foot...

..This method may be considered to be an alternative to conventional surgical treatment such as proximal ligation, extracranial-intracranial bypass, or direct surgical repair...