A Cagnacci

..Seasons may influence prenatal growth and future fertility. This study investigated whether season and month of birth influenced the timing of menopause in a group of women attending three Italian menopause clinics. METHODS and..

..To evaluate whether in healthy postmenopausal women endothelial substances such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide are related to cardiovascular risk factors and can be influenced by estradiol replacement...

..The study was undertaken to evaluate whether raloxifene influences endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation in women...

..To investigate whether in the first half of pregnancy levels of leptin in amniotic fluid are sexually dimorphic, and are related to fetal growth...

..In accordance with a presumed greater fragility of male versus female pregnancies, we tested whether sex ratio (male/female ratio) of vital pregnancies is higher in seasons more favourable for reproduction...

..Because estrogens may decrease 24-hour blood pressure of postmenopausal women, we tested the effect of the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene on ambulatory blood pressure...

..48; P < 0.04). The present study indicates that EE/CPA improves SI, whereas EE/DSG impairs SI, but improves insulin clearance. The long-term metabolic effects of these two compounds on women with PCOS require further investigations...

..To compare in the first 7 days after surgery the outcome of myomectomy performed by three laparotomic approaches: laparotomy (LT), minilaparotomy (MLT) and laparoscopically assisted minilaparotomy (LA-MLT)...

..025 +/- 0.03 g/cm2 vs 1.15 +/- 0.03 g/cm2, P < 0.01) even when covaried for weight, which was the only other variable related to BMD. The present data suggest a major association between folate and bone mineralization...

..To compare the modifications on basal and post-methionine homocysteine (Hcy) levels induced by transdermal vs. oral continuous combined hormone therapy (HT)...

..Body weight represents a critical determinant of reproduction. Accordingly, we evaluated whether preconception body weight and weight gain during pregnancy influence the sex ratio of human offspring...

..Administration of estrogens does not affect heart rate but may decrease 24 h blood pressure. In this study, we tested the effect of the estro-progestogenic compound tibolone...

..A seasonal rhythm of reproduction is evident in humans. Herein it was investigated whether also the cessation of woman's fertile life follows a seasonal rhythm...

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..To evaluate the influence of two medical treatments for endometriosis on insulin sensitivity...

..This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different oral contraceptives (OCs) on homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism in 20 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)...

..Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is increased in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We evaluated whether progestin administration increases RMR and influences body composition of perimenopausal women...

..Increased cortisol release may favor atherosclerosis. In this study, we tested whether vasomotor and psychological symptoms are associated with an increase in cortisol levels...

..Recent introduction of molecules modulating progesterone receptors, seem to bring additional advantages by increasing the efficacy and extending the window of efficacy of emergency contraception...

..58+/-0.04 vs 2.03+/-0.04; P=0.01). Whether maintained in the long term, 5-MTHF's cardiovascular and metabolic effect may contribute to primary cardiovascular prevention of postmenopausal women...

..The study was conducted to investigate whether hormonal contraceptives administered via the oral and vaginal route exert a similar effect on insulin sensitivity (SI)...

..To evaluate the central effect exerted by different progestins used for hormone replacement therapy...

..In this study, we investigated whether SI is decreased by contraceptives containing lower doses EE or by progestins with antiandrogenic properties...

..206; p=0.027) evaluation were related to levels of folates, but not of homocysteine or of vitamin B12. These data suggest an important role for folates deficiency in the vertebral BMD decline of postmenopausal women...

..To evaluate modification in body weight and anthropometric indexes in women at the time of menopause...

..In this study, we investigated whether climacteric symptoms and, in particular, psychological and somatic symptoms of postmenopausal women were influenced by their season of birth...

..5 mg) or tibolone (2.5 mg) similarly modify flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. The effect is dependent on baseline vasodilator reserve, with low values being augmented by either treatment...

..Possible physiological and pharmacological implications of these data on the cardiovascular risk of postmenopausal women can be envisioned...

..The effect of melatonin on human carbohydrate metabolism is not yet clear. We investigated whether melatonin influences glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in aged women...

..To evaluate whether endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is related to anthropometric parameters in 105 healthy postmenopausal women 47-68 years of age...

..Whether these effects are conserved in postmenopausal women and are influenced by hormone replacement therapy (HRT), was herein investigated...

..22 +/- 4.1 vs. 5.13 +/- 1.75), or insulin (0.025 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.019 +/- 0.002). The present data show that in osteopenic postmenopausal women raloxifene reduces LDL levels but does not modify insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism...

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..38; P = 0.0067). In normotensive postmenopausal women, physiological doses of estradiol amplify the nocturnal decline of blood pressure...

..304x; r = 0.554; p < 0.03) dose. CONCLUSIONS: Low- or high-dose HT similarly influences fasting homocysteine levels. Low-dose HT seems to be more effective than high-dose HT in reducing the post-methionine homocysteine increase...

..The present data do not support a positive effect of replacement with transdermal estradiol on vessel vasodilation in healthy, postmenopausal women...

..To investigate whether the administration of transdermal estradiol is capable of modifying circulating levels of leptin...

..Accordingly, the influence of melatonin on catecholamine levels was investigated in postmenopausal women without and with oestradiol replacement...

..To clarify the effect exerted by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) versus socio-economic and personality factors in improving postmenopausal mood disorders...

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..This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of levonorgestrel administration for emergency contraception (EC) on bleeding pattern and pituitary-ovarian function...

..CONCLUSION: concurrent progestin administration may attenuate estrogen's pro-inflammatory effects, independently on the type of used progestin...

..Depressive mood and suicides are more frequent in women seeking voluntary abortion and occur in a seasonal rhythmic fashion. Whether voluntary abortion shows a similar seasonal rhythm was investigated in this study...

..These data are the first documenting a diurnal rhythm in sperm quality which may contribute to the reported variability in semen parameters, and may prove useful for spontaneous and assisted conceptions...

..Accordingly, the metabolic, endocrine, reproductive and biological modifications induced by acute daytime melatonin in women do not seem to be mediated by modifications in circulating leptin...

..CONCLUSION: These data indicate that prolonged administration of melatonin may improve the day-night rhythm of BP, particularly in women with a blunted nocturnal decline...

..In this study, we tested whether, beyond hot flushes, menopausal symptoms are associated with biochemical and biophysical risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

..Herein it was investigated the efficacy of Kava-Kava, an extract of Piper Methysticum, on mood of perimenopausal women...

..No significant difference was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transdermal estradiol and norethisterone can be safely administered for a prolonged period to postmenopausal women with chronic viral B and/or C hepatitis...