Anil Agarwal

..We have evaluated tramadol, a centrally acting opioid analgesic with muscarinic receptor antagonist properties for prevention of CRBD...

..To evaluate the efficacy of acupressure wristbands in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)...

..We observed that the Valsalva maneuver performed at the time of venous cannulation greatly decreases this pain...

..In the present study, we observed that tolterodine (2 mg), a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist administered 1 h before surgery, reduced both the incidence and severity of bladder discomfort secondary to bladder catheterization...

..Its accidental placement into the tracheopulmonary system may lead to pneumothorax, hemothorax, or even death. We report a case of its knotting over the epiglottis, leading to life-threatening respiratory distress...

..To compare the efficacy of acupressure wrist bands and ondansetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)...

..Our experience prompted us to suggest that ketamine in a patient immunosuppressed with cyclosporine may not be safe and that alternative anesthetics may need to be considered for such procedures...

..We evaluated the effect of ventilation with 0.4 FiO(2) in air, 0.4 FiO(2) in N(2)O and 100% O(2) following intubation on the development of impaired gas exchange...

..05). We conclude that epidural bupivacaine given before induction of anesthesia reduces the requirement of propofol, fentanyl, and vecuronium during general anesthesia...

..We have studied the role of aerosol inhalation of salbutamol, beclomethasone and sodium chromoglycate in preventing fentanyl induced coughing and have compared their efficacy...

..05). Butorphanol was the most effective. We therefore suggest the IV pretreatment with butorphanol 2 mg for attenuation of pain associated with propofol injection...

..25 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg after manual venous occlusion for 1 min effectively attenuated pain associated with propofol injection. Thiopental 0.5 mg/kg was the most effective in prevention of propofol pain and can be used routinely...

..001), and an ARR of 11%, a RRR of 85% and a NNT of 9 at 6-24 h (p = 0.003). The need for rescue anti-emetic treatment was also lower at 0-6 h (3 (3%) vs 11 (12%); p = 0.04) and at 6-24 h (5 (5%) vs 0; p = 0.02)...

..A number of techniques have been tried for minimizing propofol-induced pain with variable results. We have compared the efficacy of magnesium and lidocaine for the prevention of propofol induced pain...

..We designed the present study to evaluate the efficacy of a flash of light on attenuating venous cannulation pain...

..We have evaluated the efficacy of a single preoperative dose of pregabalin for attenuating postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption after laparoscopic cholecystectomy...

..To compare the efficacy and side effects of transdermal diclofenac patch with eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream in attenuating venous cannulation pain...

..POST was more severe in the control group at 0 and 2 h (P < 0.05). Aspirin and benzydamine hydrochloride gargles significantly reduced the incidence and severity of POST (P < 0.05)...

..This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of oxybutynin and tolterodine in preventing catheter related bladder discomfort...

..Postoperative sore throat (POST) contributes to postoperative morbidity. Licorice has been used as an expectorant in cough and cold preparations. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of licorice gargle for attenuating POST...

..Intraoperative urinary catheterization might cause postoperative catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). We evaluated the efficacy of ketamine as a treatment modality for CRBD...

..039) of coughing compared with fentanyl. We conclude that equipotent boluses of sufentanil and fentanyl increase the incidence of cough, although the incidence and severity of coughing with sufentanil are less than those with fentanyl...

..To evaluate the minimal dose of lidocaine required for suppression of fentanyl-induced cough...

..Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) secondary to catheterization of urinary bladder is distressing. In the present study, we evaluated gabapentin for preventing CRBD...

..9% saline) (218 versus 165 patients) (P < 0.002) but without affecting the severity of cough (P > 0.05)...

..This study demonstrates that gabapentin has minimal side effects and is an alternative to opioids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for management of the bimodal nature of pain of Guillain-Barré Syndrome patients...

..000). Significant reduction in the incidence and severity of venipuncture pain was also observed in the balloon group compared with the other 2 groups (P < 0.05)...

..Of the remaining 4 patients, 3 died within a span of 7 days. Re-intubation after self-extubation should not be considered mandatory. Patients who required re-intubation had lower PaO2/FiO2 than patients who did not...

..However, the literature is sparse on the criteria of early diagnosis and optimum management of tracheomalacia, which our study highlights...

..To report the rapid preoperative preparation of a case of thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease resistant to medical treatment...

..01). The authors conclude that SCF patients constitute a definite subset within the wide spectrum of syndrome X and that the phenomenon of SCF could be used as a marker for myocardial ischemia...

..Also, the advantages of using an over-the-wire system in such cases are stressed especially when extreme tortuosity and total occlusion are present together...

..The application of a diclofenac transdermal patch at the cannulation site appears to be effective in decreasing cannulation pain...

..The purpose of the present paper was to carry out an audit of clinicopathological profile and treatment outcome in 13 children with functioning adrenal tumours...

..He responded partially to prednisolone. Acquired demyelinating neuropathy may result in neuromyotonia and muscle hypertrophy which may partially respond to prednisolone...

..The current study demonstrates maximum attenuation of hemodynamic responses when a subanesthetic dose of intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) is administered with 1% lidocaine infiltration...

..Surgical repair was planned but deferred because of infection. The patient was managed with a tracheostomy tube and antibiotics, and the wound healed completely without any residual abnormality or complications...

..SETTINGS, DESIGN AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with JRA and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls were studied by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography...

..5 (2) in the Myolaxin group (P=0.46). As the topical application of Myolaxin ointment is cheaper than EMLA and has similar efficacy, it may be a suitable alternative for reducing the incidence and severity of venous cannulation pain...

..However, pretreatment with 2% lignocaine (40 mg) was effective in attenuating propofol-associated pain...

..The results suggests that CaR mRNA expression in duodenal mucosa is not affected by physiological circulating concentrations of estradiol in rats...

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..The Widal test may be helpful in reaching a diagnosis...

..Flow volume loop studies have shown characteristic dampening of both inspiratory and expiratory curves. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) can provide a simple noninvasive method of assessing airway compromise...

..To the best of our knowledge, this is first report of catecholamine induced CMP due to bilateral malignant adrenal PCC, which could be reversed after surgery...

..Possible etiological factors are reviewed, and measures to prevent these complications are suggested...

..Larger trials are still needed to determine if dexamethasone and/or methylprednisolone are useful in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis, at least in India...

..Thus, the surgical resection of distant bony metastases in patients with DTC is recommended as it can be curative, provide symptomatic palliation, or allow for more effective radioiodine treatment...

..001). In four patients receiving inflation, a fibreoptic endoscope was passed as far as the upper oesophageal sphincter; this revealed opening of the upper oesophageal sphincter during inflation...

..5 days and have had no permanent functional insult except for hypothyroidism...

..Reoperation for recurrent goiter in such a setting would be fraught with distressing complications...

..Our objective in this study was to analyze and characterize these lesions clinically, biochemically, electrophysiologically, and on imaging...

..Further studies are needed to elucidate the duration for which acupressure is effective...

..CONCLUSION: It is preferable to have a high index of suspicion for parathyroid carcinoma when these features are present than to miss the opportunity for surgical cure by failing to consider it in the differential diagnosis...

..5 ml with two conversions. Mean hospital stay was 32 hours and no drains were used. All patients were satisfied with the scar mark. We found this technique of minithyroidectomy to be feasible and easily reproducible...

..Darbepoetin alfa is an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent that has been shown to be effective in treating anemia in patients with CKD (but not on dialysis) when administered using extended-dosing regimens...

..Traditional practitioners shall be periodically educated regarding safe orthopaedic practices, which are anticipated to yield improved trauma care services...

..These findings indicate that hamartomatous and atypical adenomatous epithelial changes can co exist in non-familial juvenile polyposis and the latter may confer a risk of malignant transformation in this otherwise non-neoplastic disease...

..59) and all patients died as a result of tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-androgen drug flutamide in the dose of 250 mg three times daily does not appear to prolong overall survival in unresectable pancreatic cancer...

..There has been very little research anywhere into low-cost pollution-control technologies or more applicable pollution control strategies for this sector...

..To evaluate the efficacy of once-monthly darbepoetin alfa in maintaining hemoglobin (Hb) levels between 10 and 12 g/dL in older subjects receiving darbepoetin alfa every 2 weeks...