Argyris S Michalopoulos

..In addition, RCTs are necessary to determine the appropriate inhaled colistin dose and the optimal delivery device...

..We used the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely ill Patients (SOAP) database to investigate differences in the impact of respiratory tract and abdominal sites of infection on organ failure and survival...

..However, there are already clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to all available antibiotics, including polymyxins...

..We prospectively studied the determinants, characteristics, and consequences of hepatic dysfunction in the early postoperative period following cardiac surgery...

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..There is scarcity of data in the literature concerning the administration of aerosolized colistin in critically ill patients with VAP due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens...

..To evaluate the contribution of different world regions in respiratory research productivity...

..Nosocomial infections still remain a serious problem in patients undergoing open heart surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate frequency, characteristics, and predictors of nosocomial infections after cardiac surgery...

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..The all-cause hospital mortality was 16.7%, and may have been influenced by relatively early diagnosis, indicating the need for heightened clinical suspicion in Europe...

..Intravenous fosfomycin may be a beneficial and safe adjunctive treatment in the management of life-threatening ICU-acquired infections caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae...

..Characteristics and burden of primary bacteremia because of multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients remain understudied...

..This refers to all routes of colistin administration in clinical practice. Colistin PK data are also limited in critically ill patients...

..There is extensive experience with use of aerosolized colistin by patients with cystic fibrosis, but there is a lack of data regarding the use of aerosolized colistin in patients without cystic fibrosis...

..Further randomized controlled trials are needed in order to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous fosfomycin for the management of nosocomial infections due to MDR pathogens...

..To elucidate the incidence, determinants, and consequences of severe sepsis after cardiac surgery...

..4% in COPD patients and 0.7% in the control group (p = 0.5). We concluded that patients with a history of mild or moderate COPD undergoing elective CABG had morbidity and mortality rates comparable with those of controls (p > 0.05)...

..To examine causes of death and to find predictors of hospital mortality after elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery...

..Our results provide a rationale for implementing preventive measures in the form of independent predictor control, and initiating antifungal prophylaxis in high-risk CICU patients...

..Reports of patients with polymyxin-only susceptible gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia treated with inhaled, but without concurrent intravenous, colistin are rare...

..Furthermore, certain pronation-related benefits versus preprone-supine positioning (reduced lung elastance and improved oxygenation) are maintained in the postprone supine position...

..However, after adjustments for GDP, Canada ranked first, with the United States and Oceania following closely behind. All of the developing regions had only small research contributions in all of the biomedical fields examined...

..3) were similar. No difference in morbidity rates was detected. All cause in-hospital mortality was comparable. Survival was similar in both groups also. Obesity is not a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in this group of patients...

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..The cumulative dose of administered CMS was statistically correlated with the difference in values of serum creatinine between the end and start of CMS treatment (r = 0.6, P = 0.004 by Spearman's test)...

..McCoy-balloon laryngoscopy combines the merits of McCoy and balloon laryngoscopy and can be recommended for patients with moderate-to-major intubation difficulty...

..Randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to further clarify various issues regarding the effectiveness and safety of polymyxins, however...

..The findings of the largest cohort study to date on i.v. colistin show that colistin is a valuable antibiotic with acceptable nephrotoxicity and considerable effectiveness that depends on the daily dosage and infection site...

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..Cost is an important parameter, which may be counterbalanced in cystic fibrosis patients by a better quality of life and a greater adherence to treatment...

..The availability of novel genetic and molecular modification methods provides hope that the toxicity and efficacy drawbacks presented by some of these agents can be surpassed in the future...

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..Antibiotics that are ineffective in vitro may prove life-saving for some of these patients, especially combination regimens containing colistin...

..We aimed to investigate the potential risk factors for the isolation of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from hospitalized patients...

..Our objective was to study the toxicity of prolonged intravenous administration of colistin (polymyxin E)...

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..Continuous intravenous infusion of colistin proved to be a salvage regimen, which led to cure of a bacteraemia due to a multi-resistant isolate, without showing any allergic cross-reactivity with other antibiotics...

..The appearance of Co(S)/Ca(R)A. baumannii infections represents a major threat to critically ill hospitalised patients. Exposure to fluoroquinolones is an independent risk factor for development of Co(S)/Ca(R)A. baumannii bacteraemia...

..A single-dose of cefuroxime remains the antibiotic prophylaxis of choice in adult patients submitted to CABG surgery. It is still associated with a low incidence of postoperative infections mainly due to sensitive pathogens...

..Articles originating from Canada, Japan, and the USA had the highest mean impact factor. Canada was the leader in productivity when adjustments for gross domestic product and population were made...

..The identification of risk factors for infection in combination with the appropriate evaluation of the increased CRP and procalcitonin values may help clinicians for the early diagnosis of infection after OPCABG...

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..In an era of gradually increasing resistance among most pathogens, the potential advantages of continuous intravenous administration of antibiotics on several clinical outcomes should be further investigated...

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..However, although not noted in the analyzed randomized controlled trials, there is concern about the use of azoles due to possible shift toward non-albicans species and development of resistance to azoles...

..Our case emphasizes the occasionally multi-systemic manifestations of community-acquired MRSA infections and the difficulties in their control...

..The multivariable analysis showed that exposure to carbapenems was associated with the development of P. aeruginosa bacteremia susceptible only to polymyxin (odds ratio, 9.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 34.3; P = 0.001)...

..This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency, characteristics, and risk factors of microbiologically documented nosocomial infections after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting...

..Thus, the emergence of infections due to carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKp) is a major public health concern...

..The use of intravenous colistin for the treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria appears to be safe and effective...

..P. shigelloides was isolated in blood cultures; despite a vigorous combination of antibiotics the patient died after 24 h in the ICU. Lethal sepsis due to P. shigelloides has not previously been reported in Greece...