Christian Mawrin

..Furthermore, although GC might be a monoclonal process, the presence of different tumor clones cannot be ruled out...

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..Despite whole-brain irradiation, the patient died due to respiratory arrest. This case illustrates that brain stem metastasis may occur as a rare complication in uterine leiomyosarcoma...

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..This suggests that mtDNA damage may occur in a region-specific distribution in neurodegenerative disorders...

..Furthermore, the presence or absence of the 5 somatostatin receptor subtypes did not significantly influence survival time in 14 GBM patients...

..The unique finding of two different types of tumours in the pineal region is evaluated with regard to the histogenesis of epidermoid cysts and pineocytomas...

..The deletion was also present in non-motor regions from diseased patients and controls, suggesting that the presence of the mtDNA deletion is not associated with the neuronal death in specific areas of the central nervous system in ALS...

..These patient subgroups may benefit from additional chemotherapeutic agents which specifically inhibit these signalling proteins...

..This case underlines the importance of measles virus migration for the progression of this fatal disorder...

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..The patient is the oldest among the 20 cases with this rare spinal cord neoplasm reported so far in the literature; the previously published cases are briefly reviewed...

..No mutations in the p53 and PTEN tumor suppressor genes were found; immunoreactivities for p53, PTEN, and EGFR could not be detected...

..Furthermore, our findings suggest a potential clinical role for somatostatin receptor agonists in tumor imaging and/or treatment of schwannomas and MPNSTs...

..This raises the question of mechanisms responsible for the enhanced infiltrative potential of the tumor cells in this disease, which have not yet been identified...

..U87 cells (Arg/Gly(388)) did not show higher invasion than U138 cells (Gly(388)). This suggests that the FGFR4 codon 388 status does not play a major role in malignant gliomas...

..Therefore, the hypothesis of microglial activation during acute psychosis was proposed. Alternatively, "suicide" could be a diagnosis-independent factor leading to microgliosis...

..EGF-induced EGFR phosphorylation was attenuated by erlotinib. Summarized, our data indicate that EGFR and erbB2 are potential targets in treatment of MPNST patients...

..We conclude that apoptosis is correlated with the allelic status of codon 72 in SCCHN. Homozygous proline 72 appears to be an important regulator of apoptosis via the Fas/FasL pathway in SCCHN...

..However, no histological study has been published on the cellular distribution of S100B in the brain of individuals with schizophrenia to clarify this hypothesis...

..Moreover, the detected aberrations in gliomatosis cerebri can reflect the tumor progression associated with secondary malignant astrocytoma formation even within a single case...

..A PCR assay of serial DNA dilutions (10-fold) showed no CD level differences between motor neurons in S-ALS and controls. These data suggest that neuronal death in S-ALS is not associated with significant accumulation of mtDNA deletions...

..In conclusion, we hypothesize that maspin protein expression is a special feature in the cascade of PTC genesis and that the way of initiating PTC is different from other thyroid carcinoma types...

..Collectively, these results suggest that APN expression and enzymatic function is reduced in aggressive meningiomas, and that alterations in the balance between APN and SPARC might favor meningioma invasion...

..041) and shorter survival. In summary, our data suggest that MMP-13 expression in nerve sheath tumors is coupled with malignant progression. Therefore, MMP-13 may serve as a marker for progression and as a therapeutic target...

..An up-to-date account of basic knowledge in this area would thus seem desirable, as recent years have seen major developments both in the scientific understanding of these tumors and in clinical methods of diagnosis and treatment...

..Collectively, our data suggest that the increased FAS expression in human meningiomas represents a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of unresectable or malignant meningioma...

..However, studies on S100B in the human brain are rare. Thus, the distribution of S100B was studied by immunohistochemistry in adult human brains to evaluate its cell-type specificity...

..8 ?M SMV alone. Taken together, SMV showed a significant cytotoxic effect against human meningioma cells, which was moderately enhanced by PGZ...

..These data support the notion that GC can be regarded as a subtype of a common astrocytoma...

..These peripheral immune processes may be accompanied by microglial activation in subregions of the anterior cingulate cortex where depression-associated alterations of glutamatergic neurotransmission have been described...

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..Reduced NRG-1alpha protein concentrations were found in brains of schizophrenics after Western blot analysis. The diminished expression of NRG-1alpha strongly supports an early neurodevelopmental component to schizophrenia...

..These findings suggest that p53 alterations occur in GC, but are no prerequisite of malignant progression. The distribution of p53 alterations demonstrates the existence of topographically different clones in 1 patient...

..This suggest, that PI3K and MAPK signalling is involved in PTTG regulation not only in malignant astrocytomas but also in non-tumorous cells...

..Herein, we report a case of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis as the initial manifestation of a previously asymptomatic gastric adenocarcinoma. The clinical features and the appropriate diagnostic procedures are discussed...

..In conclusion our data suggest that pathways presumably involved in mood regulation have structural pathology in affective disorders with more pronounced abnormalities in bipolar disorder...

..Our study further showed that Fas-L is present in most vestibular schwannomas; however, due to the lack of Fas expression, apoptosis in vestibular schwannomas does not seem to be mediated via the Fas-Fas-L system...

..Statins are inhibitors of the cholesterol pathway, while thiazolidinediones are peroxisomal proliferator activator receptor ? (PPAR) agonists. For both, a potent pro-apoptotic activity has been suggested...

..We presume that methylation of the maspin gene promoter is a common, a likely, and an early event during the development of papillary thyroid carcinomas...

..Alternatively, as seen in this case, the rhabdoid cells may be already present in the primary meningioma, but not as the predominating histological feature...

..The common expression of hTERT and telomerase activity thus represents an additional prognostic marker that may identify more aggressive tumors...

..These data suggest that, similar to the CNS, citrullination of proteins may also exert a specific role in thecourse of PNS development and repair...

..In addition, patients with anaplastic glioma harboring IDH1 mutations were on average 6 years younger than those without these alterations...

..High chromosomal complexity might be associated with a highly aggressive meningioma phenotype...

..Therefore, the TGF-beta/TGF-beta R1 and -R2 system is present in human schwannomas, but its biologic role for tumor development and growth remains unclear...

..VIP/PACAP receptor visualization with this simple and rapid immunohistochemical method will facilitate identification of tumors with a sufficient receptor overexpression for diagnostic or therapeutic intervention...

..However, the large extension usually limits surgery to biopsies. The role of whole brain radiotherapy is unclear because no impact on survival could be demonstrated. At least some patients might benefit from chemotherapy (temozolomide)...

..These data contrast to a general tumor suppressor function of FXN but suggest a dual, pro-proliferative but chemosensitizing role in astrocytic tumors...

..In conclusion, the present data suggest the absence of microgliosis but decreased cerebral lateralization of ameboid microglia in schizophrenia...

..In order to assess the role of PTEN in gastric carcinogenesis, we analysed the expression of PTEN in human gastric cancer and in the gastric mucosa of cancer relatives...

..The antiapoptotic effects of TNF-alpha in OA tenocytes most likely reflect regenerative attempts and must be taken into account when anti-TNF strategies are considered for OA...

..NK1 receptor visualization with this simple and rapid immunohistochemical method will facilitate identification of tumors with a sufficient receptor overexpression for diagnostic or therapeutic intervention using SP analogs...

..This may cause local accumulation of toxic concentrations of the neurotransmitter glutamate and further irreversible excitotoxic damage of RGCs...

..These data extend the phenotypic range associated with the MERRF syndrome. We suggest that the analysis of mtDNA could be of importance in many cases of unclear multisystem disorders in later life...

..Although it is well established that CCK receptors are widely distributed throughout the normal gastrointestinal tract, little is known about their cellular and subcellular localization in human normal and neoplastic tissues...

..Our results imply that neurotrophins can be stored in mitochondria and possibly act as signalling molecules on mitochondria...

..To determine the biologic significance of Ets-1 in the progression of benign meningiomas, the authors investigated the expressions of Ets-1 and its target genes MMP-2 and MMP-9 in primary and recurrent, Grade 1 meningiomas...

..The pathophysiologic mechanisms of olfactory degeneration after head trauma are discussed...

..Possibly, existing deficits of GABAergic neurotransmission will be compensated or overcompensated by antidepressants. Additionally, albeit speculative, an imbalance between GABA production and transport might be of relevance...

..Our data show that NRG-1alpha expression is lower in the adult human brain than in the developing brain, and, therefore, support a role for NRG-1alpha in brain development...

..Antidepressants appear to contribute to cellular activation in the rostral part of the dorsal raphe...

..Our data demonstrate that CD97, CD95 and Fas-L can be used as additional markers to distinguish between pancreatitis and pancreatic duct cell carcinoma in cryocut sections...

..Clinical overlap with hydrolethalus syndrome, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, Meckel syndrome, and Pallister-Hall syndrome is discussed...

..Future work will help to additionally unravel the steps by which axotomy induces excitotoxic damage to ganglion cells, and perhaps indicate protective interventions...

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..This study was extended by sequencing 10 DNA samples of diffuse astrocytomas (World Health Organisation grade II) and corresponding blood samples...

..Taken together, these results support that even distant tumors in a patient with GC can share a common clonal origin. They demonstrate the extraordinary mobility and infiltrative power of these tumor cells...

..Our data suggest that the same mechanisms that generate inherited mtDNA polymorphisms are strongly enhanced in gliomas and produce somatic mutations...

..The same mutation may cause various diseases, probably because of a different tissue distribution...

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..PTTG is overexpressed in about 90% of pituitary adenomas. The reason for its overexpression is still unclear...

..There are only sparse data on viral CNS infections in patients with malignant glioma. We report a case of fatal herpes encephalitis in a patient with glioblastoma in partial remission and provide a short review of the literature...

..The number of NOS-immunoreactive SCN neurons was significantly reduced in depression. We conclude that affective disorders are accompanied by impaired hypothalamic NO signaling...

..Therefore, we studied the correlation between PLCgamma activity and PLK-1 expression and determined cell size and proliferation after PLCgamma inhibition in two glioma cell lines and a primary culture of a glioblastoma...

..While all inhibitors minimized the cell density, only the PLCy inhibitor clearly lead to a reduced PLK-1 expression in the three cell lines U87MG, U118MG, U138MG...

..Thus, although PTEN is not mutated in pancreatic cancers, the reduction of its expression may give pancreatic cancer cells an additional growth advantage...

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..The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of infections caused by members of the genera Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium in HIV-positive patients...

..In summary, PDGFRA, PDGF and KIT dysregulation as well as growth inhibition of cell culture S462 by imatinib may suggest that MPNST patients benefit from treatment with imatinib...

..This result was obtained, when all pituitary adenoma samples were included in the statistical calculations, irrespective of their subclassification. Our study suggests a connection between PTTG and IGF-1 in pituitary adenomas...

..These results prove that EPOs have antiproliferative effects in glioma cells and affect their tubulin cytoskeleton, as it was previously observed in several types of carcinoma cells...

..The structural reorganization patterns observed in the GABAergic circuitry are compatible with a reduced feedback or feed forward inhibition of amygdalar projection neurons in human TLE...

..Our modification of the operative technique ensures a wide distribution of nerve fibers throughout the remaining muscle tissue and produces a mean motor recovery of M4 after a period of 1 to 2 years...

..Recently, somatic point mutations in a narrow region of the complex I polypeptide ND5 (codons 120 - 150) were suggested to separate PD patients from age-matched controls, using frontal cortex homogenates...

..Our data confirm the previously debated presence of a mild mitochondrial defect in skeletal muscle of patients with PD which is accompanied with an about 1.5 to 2-fold increase of point mutated mtDNA...

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..A round cell morphology occurred in most treated cells, which was not accompanied by a complete destruction of the microtubule network, as it can be observed with other microtubule targeting drugs...

..The activity of the H(2)O(2) degrading enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were unaffected...

..Moreover, LHON was reported to be elicited by ethambutol in some mutation carriers...

..This unusual observation may indicate that in patients with sepsis, who may yield to a state of immunodysbalance, a focal reactivation of parasites may ensue in the absence of conditions predisposing for opportunistic infection...

..Our studies demonstrate that CREM alpha binds to the TCR zeta promoter and repress its activity...

..9-fold risk, univariate Cox regression; Kaplan-Meier, P = 0.04). We suggest that the inhibition of the stress response sensor CHEK1 might contribute to the antineoplastic activity of specific DNA-damaging drugs...

..Therefore, cell type specific expression of distinct chemokine profiles likely plays a role in the pathogenesis of PCNSL and may contribute to their characteristic histological appearance...

..The assumptive adherence of the tumour to the choroid plexus was probably disrupted by the haematoma...

..The release of AEA in injured CNS tissue might therefore represent a new mechanism of neuro-immune communication during CNS injury, which controls and limits immune response after primary CNS damage...

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