Thomas Forst

..The aim of this study was to investigate early morphological and functional pathology in the retinal micro-circulation in patients with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)...

..We analyzed specific effects of an add-on therapy with pioglitazone compared to metformin and their combination in patients with basal insulin treatment on biomarkers of CV risk...

..In conclusion, C-peptide improves microvascular function and blood flow in type 1 diabetic patients by interfering with vascular and rheological components of microvascular blood flow...

..The aim of our study was to compute a new algorithm for estimating insulin resistance in a routine clinical setting...

..The coexistence of insulin resistance with functional beta cell failure results in loss of blood glucose control especially after a meal and increases the cardiovascular risk of these patients far beyond the increased glucose levels...

..This open-label, parallel-group, two-arm, pilot study compared the beta-cell protective effect of adding insulin glargine (GLA) vs. NPH insulin to ongoing metformin...

..0 (19.0-49.3) vs. 20.9 (9.7-26.1) AU, P=.0001]. Postprandial microvascular blood flow is disturbed in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Improvement of postprandial metabolic control was found to improve postprandial microvascular function...

..Measurement of inflammation, by high sensitive CRP might add further information about the cardiovascular risk of a patient with type 2 diabetes...

..37; p < 0.0001). Measurement of adiponectin and intact proinsulin enables characterization of the metabolic situation and an estimation of atherosclerotic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..The study was performed to investigate the effect of improving metabolic control with pioglitazone in comparison to glimepiride on microvascular function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2...

..The regulation of RBP4 expression and secretion occurs through biochemical pathways independent from those influenced by pioglitazone or simvastatin...

..Our study was performed to investigate the effect of changes in ambient temperature on skin thickness and microvascular skin blood flow in subjects with and without diabetes at the lower forearm...

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..In conclusion, our study indicates that the new TENS device "Salutaris" is a convenient, non-pharmacological option for primary or adjuvant treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy...

..47; P<0.05). This is the first study showing an improvement in EI during treatment with PIO, which was associated with an increase in adiponectin and a decrease in intact proinsulin levels, but independent of glycaemic control...

..It has a unique pharmacological profile within its class and, unlike other DPP-4 inhibitors, linagliptin does not require dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment...

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..In addition, use of LP was associated with a decrease in fasting C-peptide and proinsulin levels, suggesting a potential down regulation of endogenous insulin production and improved proinsulin processing efficiency...

..The treating of T2DM patients by addressing not only glucose control, but also the underlying pathophysiological etiology might help to improve patient prognosis in the long run, especially with regard to the vascular complications...

..This study compared the effect of VIAject with human regular insulin and insulin lispro on postprandial oxidative stress and endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..No changes in these parameters could be observed during placebo treatment. Even before effects on glucose metabolism could be obtained, pioglitazone exerts immediate effects on plasma markers of plaque vulnerability and inflammation...

..A purposeful assessment of risk and prevention of neurotrophic damage in the lower limb is possible only on the basis of a rigorous differential diagnostic work-up of the diabetic polyneuropathy...

..05 respectively). Atorvastatin significantly improved IMT and vascular elasticity. Co-administration of pioglitazone provided additional effects on endothelial function, lipid profile and laboratory markers of inflammation...

..The purpose of the current study was to establish the safety and maximal tolerated dose of CNS 5161 HCl...

..05) during PIO/SIM treatment. Lipid parameters improved during SIM treatment but not during PIO treatment. Combined treatment with PIO/SIM was superior in improving overall cardiovascular risk profile than every single drug...

..The aim of our study was to examine the efficacy of short-term intravenous insulin intervention followed by oral pioglitazone/metformin therapy to prevent patients from continuous insulin application...

..To investigate the effect of insulin glulisine on postprandial microvascular blood flow in type 2 diabetes...

..This study investigates the impact of a pioglitazone plus metformin therapy on biomarkers of inflammation and platelet activation in comparison to a treatment with glimepiride plus metformin...

..Therefore, the present study investigated the correlation of relaxin expression with fibrinogen levels in diabetes patients undergoing oral antidiabetic treatment...

..In conclusion, our short-term investigation of rosiglitazone action provides further experimental support for the rationale of combining rosiglitazone with sulfonylurea drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a fixed pioglitazone?+?metformin (PM) combination (vs. glimepiride?+?metformin [GM]) on diabetic dyslipidemia...

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..We evaluated the plausibility of results derived from a new ELISA (Immundiagnostik, Bensheim, Germany) in comparison to a different ELISA test (Mercodia, Uppsala, Sweden)...

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..This study was performed to assess whether the anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic effects of pioglitazone suggested by animal experiments are reproducible in man and independent from improvements in metabolic control...

..This study investigated the effects of pioglitazone (PIO), ramipril (RAM), or their combination (PIRA) on low-grade inflammation in nondiabetic hypertensive patients with increased cardiovascular risk...

..In women, other pathways may superimpose this effect. In conclusion, our study supports the hypothesis of different regulating pathways and effects of relaxin in men and women also in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..These results underline the value of pioglitazone for managing the increased cardiovascular risk of patients with a metabolic syndrome or Type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. One laboratory marker for cardiovascular risk assessment is high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)...

..This investigation explored the predictive value of intact proinsulin as an insulin resistance marker...

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..Supplementary insulin therapy provides assistance to meal-time insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and may have protective effects on beta-cell function...

..Because of its additional microvascular and macrovascular effects, pioglitazone is an attractive and effective treatment option for the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..The purpose of this review is to evaluate the clinical data that have been published on this combination, appearing to represent a convenient way to obtain therapeutic targets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..CONCLUSIONS: Continuous glucose measurements using CGMS provide reliable glucose measurements even in the case of dynamic blood glucose changes...

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..Both assays can thus be used to assess beta-cell function, to facilitate the selection of the most promising therapy, and may also serve to monitor treatment success in the further course of the disease...

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..They underline the value of this drug when used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs for a successful management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..Visfatin is a recently described proinflammatory adipokine. It is identical to the immune modulating pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF). Our study examines the hypothesis that visfatin levels are altered in narcoleptic patients...

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..It may, however, be concluded from this study that at least in cross-sectional epidemiological investigations, fasting human resistin concentrations are not significantly correlating with any clinical measure for insulin resistance...

..In general, the new LIAISON chemiluminescence assay compared favorably with the RIA and comparative chemiluminescence test and offers an attractive alternative for C-peptide analysis...

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..Patients with diabetes mellitus and IGT have a high risk for cardiovascular events. It is tempting to speculate that these patients are often first seen by cardiologists...

..Well-educated patients might be the best candidates for first using the device for continuous glucose monitoring. They may especially benefit from the trend indication and the hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia threshold and alarm functions...

..The peroxynitrite concentrations can be indirectly monitored by the detection of nitrotyrosine residues in proteins, reflecting the extent of damage caused by oxidative stress...

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..82; vibration = 0.61; temperature = 0.42; light touch = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of pain perception threshold using the SET device is an easy and reliable method for identifying patients with impaired small nerve fiber function...

..Dexterity skills may play an important role in the performance efficacy of these procedures...

..Provided a reliable long-term safety profile, TI may become a suitable alternative to subcutaneous injection for prandial insulin delivery. TI offers the possibility of new treatment regimens, especially in patients with Type 2 diabetes...

..Narcoleptic patients have been reported to suffer from an excess morbidity of Type 2 diabetes, even after correction for their often elevated body mass index...

..It may therefore be suitable for a fast and convenient screening, which, after laboratory test confirmation, may help to identify patients with elevated risk of macrovascular disease...

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..The loss or resources with regular CSII is considerably lower than the loss or resources induced by patch pumps...

..Assessment of beta-cell function by determination of intact proinsulin may facilitate the selection of the most promising therapy and may also serve to monitor treatment success in the further course of the disease...

..All other cartridges with fewer bullets were shown to deliver potentially harmful doses if used for treatment when the mixing procedure was less frequent than demanded in the instructions for use...

..Two studies have reported decreased leptin levels, whereas a larger, recent study failed to detect differences between patients and controls...

..The cross-sectional IRIS-II study tried to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance and macrovascular disease in orally treated patients with Type 2 diabetes...

..Positive results in these trials will further strengthen the value and acceptance of hsCRP, which is recommended as a predictive laboratory marker for cardiovascular disease risk also in patients with diabetes mellitus...

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..Both CLIAs could be performed much faster (4 hours) than the RIA method (75 hours/ 4 days). In conclusion, the CLIA methods show improved qualitative outcomes, higher specificity and several technical advantages over the RIA method...

..In conclusion, Prestige IQ showed excellent performance with clinically acceptable accuracy and reliability as compared to both the laboratory reference and the four commercially available self-monitoring blood glucose systems...

..We suggest that this effect may contribute to the increase in skin and muscle blood flow previously demonstrated in human in vivo...

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..To compare the effects of prandial insulin therapy focusing on postprandial glucose control vs. basal insulin therapy focusing on fasting glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..To develop a psychometric questionnaire to measure psychological barriers to insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..This observational trial was performed to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on hsCRP values in a large population under daily life conditions...

..This study aimed to investigate the influence of C-peptide and fragments thereof on erythrocyte deformability and to elucidate the relevant signal transduction pathway...

..We did not detect CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C8*4, but CYP2C8*2 showed an allele frequency of 0.1675. AQ metabolism in patients with CYP2C8*2 may be impaired, and with an increase of AQ based treatment the risk of severe adverse events may mount...