Stephane Picot

..Moreover, detection in culture are sensitive, easier, and less time consuming than previous methods. So, they should to be useful in strains behaviour analysis...

..The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the risk of treatment failure associated with specific polymorphisms in the parasite genome or gene copy number...

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..vivax, when added to previously reported chloroquine and atovaquone-proguanil failure, strengthens the case for re-evaluating drug policies for vivax malaria and the need for continuous research on molecular markers of drug resistance...

..In this context, a new adjunctive strategy using a neuroprotective drug: erythropoietin (epoietin-beta, Epo) was proposed...

..The major issue addressed in that paper is to alert clinicians on the -potential severity of this "benign tertian fever"...

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..The 976Y pvmdr1 mutation was found not to be useful for monitoring CQ resistance. Further efforts are required to develop suitable tools for monitoring drug resistance in P. vivax malaria...

..3%). No significant differences were observed between the prevalence of haplotypes and the year of collection. Our results indicate that, in this area, the fixation of SP drug-resistant parasites in the P. vivax population is stable...

..vivax infection and the polymorphisms in the pvdhfr and pvdhps genes were investigated. The correlation between these polymorphisms and clinical and parasitological responses was also investigated in P. vivax-infected patients...

..A positive immunoreactivity was observed with sera corresponding to acute toxoplasmosis and a possible involvement of 14-3-3 in host immunity is discussed...

..We concluded that the DHFR gene mutations we investigated do not regulate T. gondii fitness in humans...

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..Quantitative real-time PCR could also be used for the follow-up of patients during drug resistance studies managed by national malaria programmes, the testing of new drugs, and vaccine trials...

..This putative P. falciparum metacaspase protein has been designated PfMCA1. Our findings offer important insights into parasite survival strategies that could open new ways for therapeutic alternatives to drug resistance...

..We demonstrated that, despite some limitation due to antigen and/or antibody specificity, serotyping is a promising assay to investigate the relationship between type of strain and severity of the disease...

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..A proficiency panel was designed to assess the performance of nucleic acid amplification technologies for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in amniotic fluid...

..malariae infection...

..The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge of protozoan parasite metacaspases within a drug targeting perspective...

..2%) of the samples analyzed were positive. Sixty-one (5%) were related to L. major strain. These results indicate that PCR assay provides pleasant results with filter paper and represents a tool for the identification of old world CL...

..Antisense oligonucleotides have been successfully introduced by electroporation or direct uptake in order to downregulate the prohibitin negative function on cell cycle...

..RAPD patterns obtained with each of them were identical, suggesting that the same strain was recovered over time and had acquired resistance to itraconazole...

..Histoplasma antigen detection is not yet available in France but it could have a key role in the early diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis co-existing with a cryptococcal infection, especially in HIV-infected African people...

..Taken together, these results suggest that T. gondii controls recruitment and migration of immature DC by different soluble factors and may induce a dysfunction in the host-specific immune response...

..These results suggest that itraconazole resistance is not related, for the strains studied, to alterations in the ergosterol synthesis pathway...

..It is concluded that spectrophotometric MIC endpoint determination is a valuable alternative to the visual reference method for susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species...

..Analysis of sterol composition showed that the major sterol was ergosterol. This suggests that amphotericin B resistance was not related to a modified sterol profile...

..In conclusion, P. carinii DNA may be detected in whole blood from HIV-infected patients, but the nature and the meaning of the circulating form of P. carinii remain to be established...

..In this current study, we present a detailed description of these methods and their applications for analysis of P. carinii hominis...

..No isolate was detected with an MIC of amphotericin B >2 mg/L. Itraconazole MICs >16 mg/L were detected for four Aspergillus fumigatus and one Aspergillus nidulans isolates...

..Under similar conditions, no significant difference was noticed between mature or immature mo-DC. These data indicated that CD34-DC represent an alternative model that allows migration assay of infected DC by T. gondii...

..In only one case, was there a failure of the treatment. It is concluded that oral ivermectin is an effective and practical therapy for scabies in nursing homes...

..Conidial binding was followed by activation and maturation of iLC, suggesting that LC present in the lung may play a role in cellular host defence against aspergilloses...

..Patient's age and response to induction treatment are two independent infection risk factors, and need more attention during future clinical trials linked to antifungal prophylaxis...

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..Two 14-3-3 isoforms were detected. The major one was mainly cytoplasmic and to a lesser extent membrane-associated, whereas the minor isoform was associated with the detergent-resistant lipid rafts...

..An important issue will be to predict the beneficial or deleterious effects of controlling human cell death by apoptotic-like mechanisms during parasitic diseases...

..However, only two proteins in the 20-40 kD range induced a significant humoral response. Further studies are necessary to determine which proteins in the Fr 26-31.9 kD and 32-36.9 kD are superior immunogens for cellular responses...

..Interleukin-4 was always absent from supernatants of cells stimulated with toxoplasma antigens. The heterogeneity of human responses to individual recombinant toxoplasma antigens should be considered in the design of potential vaccines...

..falciparum infections, and it generated seven false-positive results. The results suggest that these rapid diagnostic tests for malaria may be useful, but they cannot replace microscopic examination of blood films...

..To report the clinical presentation and outcome of delayed-onset endophthalmitis caused by Moraxella species and to evaluate the eubacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in aqueous humor samples for the microbiologic diagnosis...

..4% versus 59%, respectively) with a specificity of 52.6% (versus 55.2%). Interest in the use of commercial ELISAs, more particularly the Platelia tests, has to be confirmed in a prospective study with follow-up of the patients...

..The aim of this study was not to provide definitive data concerning the rate of mutations in an endemic area, but to describe a powerful method allowing the detection of major pfmdr1 and pfcrt mutations...

..Since C. krusei has inherent resistance to the antifungal agent fluconazole, prophylactic use of fluconazole in these patients was investigated, but no relationship between these two parameters was found...

..vivax or P. ovale. In France, primaquine is not approved for prevention and treatment and its use requires a specific temporary authorization...

..These data rise the question of whether and how in vivo concomitant gram(-) bacteremia may affect the pathogenesis and/or the immune response of malaria infections and vice versa...

..Specific antibiotic treatment is efficacious, and it is important to consider the risk of this parasitic disease in susceptible patients presenting with bloody diarrhoea...