Alban Lemasson

..This preliminary study gives the first evidence of variant sharing between group members in primates...

..Moreover, the choice of sound stimuli and behavioural measures in such studies should be the focus of careful attention...

..These findings show that attention to elders' vocal production appears in non-human primates, leading to new lines of questioning on human culture and language evolution...

..Finally, there were individual differences in B series, suggesting that call rate potentially provides listeners with cues about the caller's anti-predator behaviour, event type experienced, and his identity...

..Our results support the role of experience in brain organisation and the importance of social factors to understand laterality evolution...

..Our results support the existence of social knowledge in horses and suggest a process of vocal coding/decoding of information...

..In accordance with Owren and Rendall's hypotheses, the level of individual distinctiveness was minimum for noisy pulsed calls and maximum for calls involved in affiliative interactions...

..Comparisons with the social organization of other captive and wild guenon groups are discussed...

..Specifically, it has been difficult to rule out explanations based on genetic relatedness, suggesting that such vocal flexibility may not be the result of social learning...

..We concluded that, when referring to specific external events, non-human primates can generate meaningful acoustic variation during call production that is functionally equivalent to suffixation in human language...

..These findings highlight the relative importance of phylogeny, morphology, and social system on the shaping of individual repertoires in nonhuman primates...

..They open further lines of thought on the influence of the social "value" of calls and the listener's arousal on auditory processing and laterality...

..Sex differences in repertoire size, structural gradation, and call usage could reflect specificities of male-female social roles. We discuss the pertinence of these sex differences according to social system and habitat quality...

..We discuss these findings in light of existing hypotheses of acoustic variability in primate vocal behavior...

..As the different sequences were so tightly linked to specific external events, the Campbell's monkey call system may be the most complex example of 'proto-syntax' in animal communication known to date...

..These samples proved to originate from 18 free-ranging monkeys and showed that the 12 markers we developed for this species are polymorphic and suitable for future population genetic and parentage analyses...

..Data showed that monkeys were able to distinguish between the different types of variants, indicating that these calls form part of a long-term social memory...

..abstract:..

..These results open the way for broader views on how animals might rehearse life events while resting or maybe dreaming...

..We have demonstrated this phenomenon for a category of vocalisations with a purely social function and discuss the implications of these findings for evolutionary theories of primate vocal communication...

..However, familiarity with particular humans did not influence preferential use of a given eye. Finally, we compared our results with those on other vertebrates...

..There was a decrease in the global degree of sharing over the years. Greater changes were observed after social disturbance. Sharing would be more important in disturbed than stable groups to advertise bonds...