Christine Morand

..Although numerous human studies have shown consistent effects of some polyphenol-rich foods on several intermediate markers for cardiovascular diseases, it is still unknown whether their action could be specifically related to polyphenols...

..Levels of urinary excretion suggest that chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, epicatechin, naringenin or hesperetin could be used as specific biomarkers to evaluate the consumption of coffee, wine, tea or cocoa, and citrus juices respectively...

..The objective was to determine the effect of chronic consumption of orange juice on the gene expression profile of leukocytes in healthy volunteers and to assess to what extent hesperidin is involved in the effect of orange juice...

..In addition, a better protection was observed with FBE, suggesting that the fermentation generates new bioactive compounds more effective in attenuating progression of the atherosclerotic lesions...

..On the basis of the results, we hypothesize that apple fibers and polyphenols may play a role in preventing atherosclerosis disease by decreasing uric acid plasma level...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary supplementation with polyphenols at nutritional doses on miRNA expression in the livers of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE?/?) jointly with mRNA expression profiling...

..In conclusion, when flavonols are present in the diet as aglycons, they could be partly absorbed in the stomach, in contrast to their glycosidic forms which are not absorbed...

..These results show that the formation of lignans from wheat bran is influenced by the diet, possibly because of an adaptation of the colonic microflora...

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..More attention should be given in the future to these microbial metabolites and their biological properties to help explain the health effects of polyphenols that are not easily absorbed through the gut barrier...

..A thorough knowledge of the bioavailability of the hundreds of dietary polyphenols will help us to identify those that are most likely to exert protective health effects...

..Future research should focus on other procyanidin metabolites such as phenolic acids and on the effects of the unabsorbed oligomers and polymers on the human gastrointestinal tract...

..Data are still too limited for assessment of hydroxycinnamic acids and other polyphenols. These data may be useful for the design and interpretation of intervention studies investigating the health effects of polyphenols...

..Alternatively, some health effects of polyphenols may not require their absorption through the gut barrier. Their role as iron chelators in the gut lumen is briefly discussed...

..In conclusion, this study revealed the antiatherogenic effect of NAR supplemented at a nutritionally achievable dose, specifically toward diet-induced atherosclerosis, and depicted its multitarget mode of action at the vascular level...

..The aim of the present study was to determine if the positive effects observed in muscle could be related to an improvement of local muscle oxidative status...

..It has been applied to human urine samples collected from volunteers after consumption of different polyphenol-rich beverages in controlled conditions...

..Taken together, improved bioavailability of H-7-glc may explain the more efficient bone protection of this compound...

..More human studies are needed to provide clear evidence of their health protective effects and to better evaluate the risks possibly resulting from too high a polyphenol consumption...